In this article the author considers the category of property which in Russian philosophy was recognized as a moral value

The article discusses the concept of mass consciousness of Erich Fromm. The phenomenon of destructiveness in contemporary western society is analyzed. The author compares Erich Fromm’s view-point with that of other scientists in the field of psychoanalytic philosophy.

The article introduces the basic terms of the issues raised in the work of G. Marcel, the founder of French existentialism which is a major philosophical movement of the twentieth century. It explores the evolution and classification of "existentialism", existential-phenomenological method, the original ontological theses. The author comes to the conclusion that religious and philosophical doctrine of Marcel is a variant of post-theism in modern Western culture as a diversity from traditional interpretation of reality.

The article studies the early development of Russian positivism highlighting the main ideas and a number of personalities. The urgency of the article is determined by the need to recreate a complete panorama of history of Russian philosophy as well as by the state of the research problems in modern literature: the period of positivism genesis in Russia has been rather poorly studied.

The article considers ethic contemporary issues in the crisis analysis context. The crisis condition of society is reviewed in various spheres, the term “Responsibility crisis” is analyzed and a model of its resolution is offered based on extended comprehension of the subject of ethics.

The authors consider the need to rethink the philosophical perspective on the basis of the relationship between the concepts of identity and difference. Two positions in philosophy are identified: philosophy of identity and philosophy of difference. The opportunity to get away from the notion of philosophy is considered as well.

The article examines the crisis that befell technogenic civilization of the Millennium resulted from the global challenges of our time - the environmental problems. The paper proves that overcoming of this crisis serves as one of the most important determinants of a new environmental paradigm of social consciousness.

This article deals with the development of information resource issues during the transition period from industrial civilization to a new stable type noosphere ecological civilization being formed at present.

The article discusses the main sociological paradigms to the analysis of social changes established in the history of sociology and remaining urgent today. Their comparative analysis is presented.

The hypothesis is based on the premise that mankind consists of nations and is not an abstract arithmetic set of personalities. So, death threats to humanity arising in the era of globalization can be "removed" only with active participation of national states to provide universal security. Essential components of the joint efforts of the nations to prevent global threats are international solidarity and dialogue of national cultures, based on the unity of national and universal interests.

This article analyzes the information culture and the role it plays in the process of human adaptation to the information society. Without the continuous improvement of its information culture modern individual can not adequately and promptly respond to the challenges of a new emerging information reality.

Modern youth subculture is a specific space of communication with symbols which are aesthetic objects at the same time. This symbols form a subcultural context around themselves. They are a mirror of a world-view of people involved in subculture. And after all, they can be a connection link between youth subculture and the larger context of modern society’s culture.

This paper describes the specifics of aesthetics as one of the sections of philosophical knowledge. The author identifies the main areas of research in modern aesthetics. The interpretation of aesthetics as a purely descriptive discipline, “the science of the beauty” and psychology in aesthetics is subjected to reasoned criticism. The basic trends of research in contemporary aesthetics are outlined.

The article analyzes the history and present state of agritourism as an independent branch of the tourist business.

Transferring of capitals are the largest mega engineering projects in the history of mankind which also have a profound and multifaceted impact on the political life of the states. Despite the fact that the various projects of capital transfer being actively discussed today in more than 30 countries around the world, this phenomenon is not well and systematic understood as the whole phenomenon. This article discusses models of such transfers, motivation and decision-making forms.

The article deals with the historical conditions of formation and evolution of scientistic ideas, feature space and the role of science at different stages of the social process, the value for scientism modern scientific achievements.

The article discusses the nature, content and specific features of organizational and management activities. The author attempts to identify and formulate the laws and principles of organizational management.

The article shows the importance of logic for the formation of clear, consistent and complete picture of the world for a lawyer, the structure of reality as a whole, a clear distinction between reality on the one hand and its maps in the language, concepts, statements, texts, documents, on the other hand. The paper defines the role of logical awareness of a lawyer in forming its linguistic and terminological culture.

The article examines the impact of the philosophers of antiquity to form the traditions of teaching and formation of logic as a philosophical discipline in pre-Petrine and Petrine era, originally interpreted by the Second scholasticism and absorbed some of the concepts of modern times.

The article raises and solves the problem based on analysis of different intangible assets of cognition and transformation of reality such as principals, methods, techniques, technologies, strategies. It also considers their role in the process of argumentation.

The role of reflection in the development of thinking, personality structures, behavior and ways of activity is considered in the article. There is presented a historical review of a reflection research. The necessity of the development of reflective abilities that contribute to effective operation of professionals, executives in management practices is shown.

The article is devoted to substantiation of the thesis examination of psychology as extra paradigmatic discipline. It is shown that psychology as its paradigm uses ready-made foreign paradigm that has non-specific, socio-cultural origin. As a confirmation there is given a review of the existence of the concept of giftedness, the process of its formation and development.

The article describes the gender features revealed by the investigations of interactions of owners of cats and dogs. The most part of the article is devoted to a review of domestic and foreign publications on this topic; also there is described the results of focused interviews, where author participated. It is revealed that in interactions in the dyad owner-animal is important both biological sex and gender features. Women use more verbal component in the interaction, and more emphasize the role of care and empathy in interactions. Men more emphasize the role of the animal as a partner in joint activities.

The paper using the ecopsychological approach to giftedness analyses the mental states that are experienced by children with early pronounced giftedness in conditions of intense educational environment.

The authors consider the need to modernize the lingual educational system, which can be expressed in the development of new initiatives in the field of foreign language teaching. The article emphasizes and substantiates the role of independent work of students in the implementation of this goal and an algorithm of organization the independent activity of students in foreign language is proposed. The organization of student independent activity has a key role in formation of professionally-oriented communicative competence of students.

Philosophical research of national identity and ethnic mentality is one of the perspective trend of social philosophy and culturology. The specification of the subject raises the problem of research methods. The most adequate methodic is the interdisciplinary approach.

In the article the problems of humanitarization and humanization of higher education in the conditions of modernization of Russian education in XXI century are considered. Addressing these issues is only possible with the development of the ideological culture of the society, which sets for educational space the meaning and significance.

Modernization of the higher education system is caused by objective processes of change in the economic, political and cultural spheres. Reform of the education system in Russia is largely dictated by political influence focused on external economic cooperation with foreign countries. Prospects of entering into a unified educational space are inseparably linked with the contradictions of understanding of the educational process with the philosophical, cultural, and legal points of view.

The article attempts to reconstruct the biography of Alexander P. Pankin, professor of University of Mechanical Engineering (MAMI), considering his activity both in the years of the First World War, and in the Soviet period.

The article is devoted to a scantily explored problem of peasant family sections that took place in the non-chernozem village in the second half of the XIX century. The author analyzes the economic reality and controversial Russian pre-revolutionary legislation, which retained the tendency of the administrative regulation of the inner life and the economic freedom of the peasant family. The author comes to the conclusion that the coming industrial age, not the government directives and initiatives of nobles and officials, has determined the directions of transformation of one of the founding traditional institutions of the Russian peasant society.

The article is devoted to the congresses held on the basis of feminist organizations in Russia in the early twentieth century. A conclusion is made as to the importance of such activity from the view-point of formation of special communication spaces and interaction between the participants of the feminist movement.

The article explores the process of creation and functioning of the higher educational institution for immigrants from the countries of the East as well as for representatives of national minorities of Eastern origin of Soviet Russia / USSR - the Communist University of the toilers of the East behalf of J.V. Stalin. The duality problem set in front of the University is noted: training of personnel for Soviet Borderlands, and training revolutionaries from other countries.

The article discusses the history of the first two national universities in Soviet Russia: for the Jews and for Estonians. There is emphasized the urgency of studying national educational policy of the Bolsheviks for modern Russian society. Preconditions of occurrence of these universities, as well as the reasons for the clotting system of education for national minorities are analyzed.

The article shows the role and importance of grammar school in the formation of personality and spiritual world of the future representatives of Russian modernism. Classicism, ie the study of ancient languages, as the basis of fundamental knowledge and a way to develop thinking, did antiquity (mythology, philosophy, culture) "usual language" of Silver Age.

This article is devoted to criticism of the traditional philosophy of history, formed in the middle of XX century in the framework of the philosophy of neo-positivism. The author analyzes the antihistoricism concept of K.R. Popper and its influence on the development of historical science, in particular, the emergence of theories of industrial and postindustrial society.

The article examines the causes of the Russian PR-management political reorientation at business customers. PR-management is analyzed on the basis of the author's hypothesis about the consumerization of domestic policy advisers Institute, implying commercialization of managers activities. The study enables us to identify the main trends of the Russian political consulting.

Scientific paper analyzes the technology of modern political party management. Political technologies are discussed based on the hypothesis about their evolution. The work takes into account the political approach of comparative linguistics and methodology of the quantitative content analysis.

This article describes the historical concept of Professor Sergei G. Pushkarev, who worked as a researcher and teacher of the history of Russia abroad. S.G. Pushkarev was free from any ideological dictate that raises interest to his work. Some of them saw the light thanks to the Russian émigré publishers, others were prepared for printing in the homeland of the author in 1990-2000, already after his death.

This article examines the processes of metaphor term systems in engineering complex in the contemporary Russian language and analyzes some metaphorical models.

Communicative competence of foreign language learners can be achieved when meeting with a linguistic cultural code of foreign ethnic along with background information that creates all the prerequisites for correct and complete understanding of the foreign language speech and the selection of adequate strategies speech behavior.

The paper investigates the interdependent influence of language and thought on the minds of people, its intellectual development; the status of the Russian language as an international; the author examines the social, psychological and linguistic laws of creation of own and borrowed new words; objectives to improve language literacy and culture of the trainees are stated; an analysis of projects for reforming different languages is made.

The article investigates the professional and personal characteristics of a specialist of а new generation. Effective instrument for the formation of linguistic identity of a specialist is a subject "Foreign Language". Synergetic concept is seen as fundamental. The process of entering the Russian higher education in the European educational space is discussed.

The article discusses the concept of "lexicography" and "terminography", their historical, theoretical and practical aspects. Particular attention is given to issues related to the study of the nature of language for specific purposes and its main units - the term - on the material of automotive terminology.

The article is devoted to crosscultural communication. The author discusses the question how grammar and vocabulary influence people’s mentality and gives some examples from European and non-European languages.

This article focuses on the analysis of the pedagogical possibilities of modern information technologies in the study of foreign languages ​​at the university. The article discusses commonly used modern educational software: Wordstock (program to work with the dictionary), Matchmaster (program choice correspondences), Choicemaster (program options to choose from), Crosswordmaster (program filling crosswords), Gapmaster (program to fill gaps) etc.

The article deals with the considering of native language of students in the study of Russian as a foreign language. Particular attention is paid to the difficulties associated with the transfer phenomena of native language in the target language (the interference). The authores explores some of the methodological approaches that facilitate the assimilation of non-native language phenomenon.

The problem of teaching of Russian language in a technical university is considered in the article. The need and ability to use the historical language material in the study of Russian language is proved and it is stated that it will allow students to broaden horizons, learn to see and understand certain patterns occurring in the modern language, touch the most important events and moments of history and culture of our people.

The author gives a theoretical basis and explains the nature of various errors and difficulties encountered in the translation of scientific texts. He considers the types of error characteristic of translation of terms and general scientific vocabulary. The linguistic and extra linguistic factors that impede the search for adequate translation equivalent are described.

The article discusses the use of logical argumentation theory in solving the problem of persuasion in court. The analysis of the classical theory of argumentation rules (rules with regard to the arguments and rules with regard to the thesis) in terms of their applicability in litigation with the amendment to the objectives and tasks of this type of dispute.

The article deals with international legal regulation of the legal status of minority languages which remains relevant and is currently in post-Soviet space. The author researched the sources regulating the legal status of minority languages​​. The article describes the key stages in the development of international legal regulation of the legal status of minority languages​​. By relating different times of international instruments trend of development of the legal status of minority languages is shown.