Fugitive dust was cemented, forming larger particles bond in the calcite-consolidation-layer by microbial method. The particular composition, the morphology, and thermal decomposition properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry-thermogravimetry (DSC-TG). The characterization data obtained showed that loose fugitive dust particles could be bonded and formed the consolidation-layer under the effect of calcite obtained by microbial method successfully. Meanwhile, the sample obtained by microbial method had superior wind-erosion resistance.

Polycrystalline Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ thin films with various fractions of a-axis, c-axis and random orientations have been grown on Pt(111)/Ti/SiO₂/Si substrates by laser-ablation under different kinetic growth conditions. The relationship between the structure and ferroelectric property of the films was investigated, so as to explore the possibility of enhancing ferroelectric polarization by controlling the preferred orientation. The structural characterization indicated that the large growth rate and high oxygen background pressure were both favorable for the growth of non-c-axis oriented grains in the Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ thin films. The films with high fractions of a-axis and random orientations, i e, f (a-sxis) = 28.3% and f (random) = 69.6%, could be obtained at the deposition temperature of 973 K, oxygen partial pressure of 15 Pa and laser fluence of 4.6 J/cm², respectively. It was also noted that the variation of ferroelectric polarization was in accordance with the evolution non-c-axis orientation. A large value of remanent polarization (2Pr = 35.5 μC/cm²) was obtained for the Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ thin films with significant non-c-axis orientation, even higher than that of rare-earth-doped Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ films.

The results of the study of raw mix preparation and foam glass-ceramics production using diatomite as a raw material were presented in the following article. A mixture of diatomite and 40% NaOH solution was subjected to heating at a constant temperature of 775 °C. Samples of foam glass-ceramic from diatomite with an average density of 290 - 580 kg/m³, compressive strength of 1.7 - 7.8 MPa and thermal conductivity of 0.08 - 0.14 W/(m·K) were obtained. The investigations have shown that the hydrothermal pretreatment of mixture at the temperature of 90 °C may lead to the acceleration of the leaching of amorphous SiO₂ from diatomite. It was discovered that the resulting soluble alkali silicates promote the process of foaming during heating and reduce the average density of the obtained samples. The optimal duration of the leaching process was estimated to be 30 minutes, which corresponds to the yield of SiO₂ equal to 42.5% by the weight of dry diatomite.

Nanocrystalline and amorphous LaMg₁₂-type LaMg₁₁Ni + x wt% Ni (x = 100, 200) alloys were synthesized by mechanical milling. Effects of Ni content and milling time on the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetics of as-milled alloys were investigated systematically. The electrochemical hydrogen storage properties of the as-milled alloys were tested by an automatic galvanostatic system. And the gaseous hydrogen storage properties were investigated by Sievert apparatus and a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) connected with a H₂ detector. Hydrogen desorption activation energy of alloy hydrides was estimated by using Arrhenius and Kissinger methods. It is found that the increase of Ni content significantly improves the gaseous and electrochemical hydrogen storage kinetic performances of as-milled alloys. Furthermore, as ball milling time changes, the maximum of both high rate discharge ability (HRD) and the gaseous hydriding rate of as-milled alloys can be obtained. But the hydrogen desorption kinetics of alloys always increases with the extending of milling time. Moreover, the improved gaseous hydrogen storage kinetics of alloys are ascribed to a decrease in the hydrogen desorption activation energy caused by increasing Ni content and milling time.

A novel fused nonacyclic monomer of dithieno[6,5-b:10,11-b′]-8H-cyclopentyl[1,2-b:4,3-b′] diphenanthrene (DTCPDP) was synthesized by combining the structural features of ladder-type and multiple fused multi-cyclic aromatics. DTCPDP has a single sp3-hybridized carbon bridge between fused multi-cyclic aromatics. The copolymerization of DTCPDT with the electron accepting unit of 4,7-di(thiophen-2-yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (DTBT) via Stille coupling afforded a novel donor-acceptor (D-A) alternating copolymer PDTCPDT-DTBT. The copolymer exhibited good chemical and thermal stabilities, with an optical band gap of 1.82 eV and a low-lying highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level of -5.32 eV. When the copolymer was incorporated into polymer: fullerene (PC₇₁BM) blends to fabricate bulk heterojunction polymer solar cell devices, the devices exhibited a moderate maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.90%.

In order to improve the thermal storage capacity of expanded vermiculite (EV) based form-stable composite PCM (FS-PCM) via organic modification of EV, first, EV was modified with a sodium stearate (NaSt) as surface modifier, and organic EV (OEV) with hydrophobicity and higher adsorption capacity for fatty acid was obtained. A novel capric-stearic acid eutectic (CA-SA)/OEV FS-PCM with high thermal storage capacity was then developed. OEV and CA-SA/OEV were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetry (TG), and thermal cycling test. Results showed that OEV has obvious hydrophobicity and a higher adsorption capacity for fatty acid. Its adsorption ratio has increased by 48.71% compared with that of EV. CA-SA/OEV possesses high thermal storage density (112.52 J/g), suitable melting temperature (20.49 °C), good chemical compatibility, excellent thermal stability and reliability, indicating great application potential for building energy efficiency. Moreover, organic modification of inorganic matrix may offer novel options for improving its adsorption capacity for organic PCMs and increasing heat storage capacity of corresponding FS-PCMs.

YSZ/(Ni, Al) composite coatings with different Ni:Al mole ratios were deposited on superalloy Inconel 600 by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) technique, followed by sintering in CH₄ atmosphere at 1 100 °C for 2 h and isothermally oxidation at 1000 °C for 50 h. After sintering at 1100 °C for 2 h in CH₄ atmosphere, besides ZrC and t-ZrO₂ phases, the phase constitutes of Ni:Al mole ratios with 1:3, 1:2, and 1:1 were (Zr, Al)C, AlNi₃ and Ni phases, respectively. A remarkable difference in the oxidation behaviors of YSZ/(Ni, Al) composite coatings with different Ni:Al mole ratios was observed. For YSZ(Ni:Al=1:3) coated sample, oxidation at 1000 °C causes decomposition of the (Zr,Al)C solid solution to metallic Al, and then most of the Al is oxidized to Al₂O₃. For the YSZ(Ni:Al=1:2) coated sample, oxidation at 1000 °C mainly causes decomposition of the AlNi₃ phase. For YSZ(Ni:Al=1:1) coated sample, after oxidation at 1000 °C, most of the Ni is oxidized to NiO phase, and tolerated 50 h of oxidation and finally cracked and spalled from the specimen. YSZ(Ni:Al=1:3) and YSZ(Ni:Al=1:2) coated samples show superior oxidation resistance than that of YSZ coating. The different oxidation resistance mechanisms of YSZ/(Ni, Al) composite coatings sintered in CH₄ atmosphere were discussed.

The present study aimed to improve the pervaporation (PV) performances of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes by using special cross-linkers. The γ-methacryloxypropyl trimethoxy silane (KH-570) cross-linked PDMS membranes were fabricated and characterized by FTIR, TGA, WCA, DSC, SEM, and swelling properties. Experimental results showed that the separation factor of the membrane increased slightly with the feed temperature whereas permeate flux increased. Butanol flux increased slowly with the feed concentration while the water flux decreased. The overall result indicated that the separation factor decreased slowly with the feed concentration. The membrane, with a thickness of 55 μm, showed a total flux of 308.4 g/m²h with a separation factor of 26.8 at 70 °C, and butanol permeability reached 11.13×10⁵ Barrer with a membrane selectivity of 56.0.

The Be films were prepared by thermal evaporation at different sources to substrate distances (SSD) on glass substrates. The decrease of SSD from 90 mm to 50 mm caused the increase of substrate temperature and the rising density of incident Be atoms, thus the properties of Be films greatly changed accordingly. The experimental results showed that the grain diameter in the Be films transited from below 100 nm to 300 nm, the film growth rate increased from 2.35 nm/min to 4.73 nm/min and the roughness increased from 7 nm to 49 nm. The performance study suggested that the friction coefficient of Be films increased from 0.13 to 0.27 and was related to the surface roughness and inner structure, the near-infrared reflectance of Be films increased from 40% to 85% with the increase of wavelength and concurrently decreased with the decrease of SSD, respectively. The performance study indicated that the Be film had the potential application in specific near-infrared reflectance optical system.

Nano-diamond like carbon (DLC) thin films were prepared on fused silica and Cu substrates by the pulsed-laser deposition technique with different laser intensities. Step-measurement, atomic force microscope (AFM), UV-VIS-NIR transmittance spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the films. It was shown that the deposition rate increases with the laser intensity, and the films prepared under different laser intensities show different transparency. Raman measurement showed that the content of sp³ of the Nano-DLC thin films decreases with the laser intensity. The field emission properties of the Nano-DLC thin films on Cu substrates were studied by the conventional diode method, which showed that the turn-on field increases and the current density decreases with sp³ content in the films. A lower turn-on field of 6 V/um and a higher current density of 1 uA/cm² were obtained for Nano-DLC thin films on Cu substrate.

Five types of KNO₃-NH₄VO₃-rare earth metal nitrate (K-V-rare earth metal) catalysts supported on a-porous alumina ceramic substrates were prepared by a coating method. All the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry. Catalytic activities were evaluated by a soot oxidation reaction using a temperature-programmed reaction system. The experimental results show that the addition of rare earth metal compound could obviously improve the catalytic activities of the K-V-based catalysts. The proper ratio of K-V-rare earth metal catalysts can not only lower the soot onset ignition temperature, but also quicken the soot oxidation rate. The crystalline phases formed by K, V, and rare earth metal are stable.

La_0.8Sr_0.2MnO₃ samples with rhombohedral, orthohombic and monoclinic structures were prepared by solid state reaction, sol-gel and co-precipitation methods, respectively. Lattice parameters, grain size, morphology, infrared absorption and emissivity of samples were investigated. The results indicated that the average crystallite size calculated from XRD result and particle size of orthohombic sample were smaller than those of the other two samples, and honeycomb shape grains were observed in orthohombic sample. Due to lower crystal symmetry, Mn-O stretching vibration peaks of the three samples shifted to higher infrared wavenumber. According to the theory of wave optics and Kirchhoff law, bigger rhombohedral sample showed higher emissivity than monoclinic one. However, due to the honeycomb structure of orthohombic sample, repeated reflection and scattering led to the increase of absorption, and orthohombic sample exhibited the highest emissivity.

The nucleation process of graphene films prepared by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated in detail. It is found that graphene nucleates at the steps on the substrate surface firstly, from aggregation of nuclei into particles. High pulsed laser energy offers large incident energy for carbon particles deposited on the surface of the substrate, which is beneficial to the nucleation of graphene. A lot of steps are formed on the copper substrate due to the high temperature, so that the high incident energetic carbon species are able to form a stable nucleus at the steps. As the incident particles increases, the graphene nuclei are combined to grow together. Further, it is found that graphene tends to form few layer graphene particles instead of large graphene sheets.

Based on an advanced technology, randomly-aligned subwavelength structures (SWSs) were obtained by a metal-nanodot-induced one-step self-masking reactive-ion-etching process on a fused silica surface. Metal-fluoride (mainly ferrous-fluoride) nanodots induce and gather stable fluorocarbon polymer etching inhibitors in the reactive-ion-etching polymers as masks. Metal fluoride (mainly ferrous fluoride) is produced by the sputtering of argon plasma and the ion-enhanced chemical reaction of metal atoms. With an increase in CHF₃/Ar gas flow ratio, the average height of the SWSs increases, the number of SWSs per specific area increases and then decreases, and the optical transmittance of visible light increases and then decreases. The optimum CHF₃/Ar gas flow ratio for preparing SWSs is 1:5.

Void-free β-SiC films were deposited on Si(001) substrates by laser chemical vapor deposition using hexamethyldisilane (HMDS) as the precursor. The effect of the time of introducing HMDS, i e, the substrate temperature when HMDS introduced (T _in), on the preferred orientation, surface microstructure and void was investigated. The orientation of the deposited SiC films changed from <001> to random to <111> with increasing T _in. The surface showed a layer-by-layer microstructure with voids above T _in ⩾ 773 K, and then transformed into mosaic structure without voids at T _in= 298 K. The mechanism of the elimination of voids was discussed. At T _in =298 K, Si surface can be covered by an ultrathin SiC film, which inhibits the out-diffusion of Si atoms from substrate and prohibites the formation of the voids.

By introducing other oxide materials (SiO₂, Al₂O₃, CaO) into the red mud, all materials were melted into aluminosilicate glasses. On the basis of 17.2Fe₂O₃-5.7CaO-18.2Al₂O₃-50SiO₂-5.9Na₂O-3TiO₂ system glasses, [Al₂O₃]/[CaO] mass ratio changed further. For each sample, the assignment of IR absorption bands for aluminosilicate glasses was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the glasstransition temperature and high temperature molten state were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. According to X-Ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, the behavior of crystallization was analyzed. The results show that the glass structures of three-dimensional network are depolymerized and the amount of non-bridging oxygens increases gradually with network modifier CaO replacing network intermediate Al₂O₃ when [Al₂O₃]/[CaO] ratio of aluminosilicate glass decreases from 4.05 to 0.66, resulting in decreasing density, melting temperature, crystallization peak temperature and glass-transition temperature. As [Al₂O₃]/[CaO] mass ratio decreases, the concentration of crystallized phase maghemite (γ-Fe₂O₃) will increase which provides the possibility for production of black glass-ceramic further.

Catalytic direct decomposition of NO by perovskite-type catalysts has attracted much attention for the various possible components and the unique structure. LaCoO₃ nanoparticles were precipitated on α-Al₂O₃ micro powders by rotary chemical vapor deposition (rotary CVD) and its catalytic performance for the decomposition of NO was investigated. LaCoO₃ nano-particles with 100 nm in average diameter and 1.5% in mass were uniformly dispersed on α-Al₂O₃ powder. The conversion of NO increased with increasing temperature from 400 to 950 °C, and reached 28.7% at 950 °C. The gas velocity of transformed NO on LaCoO₃ nano-particles catalyst per mass unit was 7.7 mL/(g min), showing a good catalytic activity over the calculated results of pure catalysts. After five times of aging performance experiments, the NO conversion kept the same value, showing a good aging performance and thermal stability.

ZrB₂-SiC based ultra-high temperature ceramic (UHTC) struts were firstly proposed and fabricated with the potential application in the combustor of scramjets for fuel injection and flame-holding for their machinability and excellent oxidation/ablation resistance in the extreme harsh environment. The struts were machined with electrospark wire-electrode cutting techniques to form UHTC into the desired shape, and with laser drilling to drill tiny holes providing the channels for fuel injection. The integrated thermal-structural characteristic of the struts was evaluated in high-temperature combustion environment by the propane-oxygen free jet facility, subject to the heat flux of 1.5 MW/m² lasting for 300 seconds, and the struts maintained integrity during and after the first experiment. The experiments were repeated for verifying the reusability of the struts. Fracture occurred during the second repeated experiment with the crack propagating through the hole. Finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out to study the thermal stress distribution in the UHTC strut. The simulation results show a high thermal stress concentration occurs at the hole which is the crack initiation position. The phenomenon is in good agreement with the experimental results. The study shows that the thermal stress concentration is a practical key issue in the applications of the reusable UHTC strut for fuel injection structure in scramjets.

Fluxing agents of zinc borate, antimony oxide, galss frit A and glass frit B, with different melting or softening point temperatures, were added into MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂/boron phenol formaldehyde resin (MAS/BPF) composites to lower the formation temperature of eutectic liquid phase and promote the ceramification of ceramifiable composites. The effects of fluxing agents on the thermogravimetric properties, phase evolution, and microstructure evolution of MAS / BPF composites were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD and SEM analyses. The results reveal that the addition of a fluxing agent highly reduces the decomposition rate of MAS / BPF composites. Fluxing agents lower the formation temperatures of liquid phases of ceramifiable MAS / BPF composites obviously, and then promote the ceramification and densification process. The final residues of composites are ceramic surrounded by large amount of glass phases.

Through finite element numerical simulation and based on laminated plate theory, the effect of dimension on the torsion properties of uniform C/SiC composites pipe was studied to provide a theoretical guidance for preparing the C/SiC pipe with different dimensions. The results show that, with increasing length of pipe, the anti-torsion section coefficient of pipe increases whereas the torsion angle per unit length decreases. Increasing the length can improve the torsion property. Anti-torsion section coefficient rises with increasing internal radius, while the torsion angle per unit length decreases to a constant. With increasing thickness, the anti-torsion section coefficient increases whereas the amplitude decreases gradually, and the torsion angle per unit length is a constant. Increment of internal radius and thickness improves the torsion property finitely.

MnO₂/activated carbon composite (Mn-ACC) wave absorber was prepared by the reaction between Mn(CH₃COO)₂ and KMnO₄ on activated carbon. Then, a novel cement based composite absorbing coating (CB-CAC) was prepared by adding the Mn-ACC, manganese zinc ferrite and rubber particles into cement. XRD method was used to analyze the reaction products of the Mn-ACC. The tensile bond strength and the wave absorbing properties of the CB-CACs were also tested. The results showed that the crystallinity of MnO₂ formed in the Mn-ACC was poor. Adding Mn-ACC into the CB-CAC led to first increase and then decrease of the tensile bond strength. The tensile bond strength reached 1.89 MPa with 8.51% of the Mn-ACC. The CB-CACs obtained the optimal absorbing properties with the cement, manganese zinc ferrite, Mn-ACC, rubber particles and H₂O mass ratio of 7.5׃7.5׃1׃1׃5.5, respectively. The band width of the reflection below -10 dB was up to 8.8 GHz, which accounted for 57.14% of the test band.

Anatase (TiO₂) has been widely used in photocatalysis. However, it can only absorb near-ultraviolet light with a wavelength below approximately 388 nm due to a wide band gap. Therefore a modification should be made for anatase to increase its capability in utilizing more abundant visible light. We investigated the doped anatase with the most promising 3d transition metal elements, and the results showed that the visible light absorption intensity was increased significantly due to the reduced band gap and the cavitation effects. As compared to other 3d transition metals, Cu was found to be the most effective one in improving anatase photocatalytic effects. In addition, greater Cu concentration doped in the anatase increased the photocatalysis effects but reduced the anatase stability, therefore, an optimized Cu concentration should be considered to optimize the anatase photocatalysis activity.

A new method of fabricating C/C composite materials, namely electric heating CVD method, was used, which electrified the carbon fiber directly by using the conductivity of itself. Acetylene was used as the carbon source with nitrogen as dilution gas, and the pyrolytic carbon started to deposit on the carbon fiber surface when the deposition temperature was reached. The morphology of pyrolytic carbon was characterized by SEM, and the surface properties of carbon fibers before and after CVD were characterized by Raman spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the electric heating method is a novel method to fabricate C/C composite materials, which can form a dense C/C composite material in a short time. The order degree and the average crystallite size of the carbon fiber surface were decreased after the experiment.

Alloy powders including Ni60, WC, Cr₃C₂, and TiC with different mass ratios were deposited on medium carbon low alloy steel by plasma welding. Through the experiments, the optimal alloy powder reinforcing cutter tool surface properties were discovered. The wear resistance properties were investigated on the impact abrasive wear tester. The experimental results show that in terms of microstructure, there exists the shape of herringbone, spider mesh, broken flower structures in coatings. In addition, fusion area of four specimens surfacing welding layer displays a large number of acicular martensite with a small amount of austenite. The coating mainly consists of Ni-Cr-Fe austenitic phase and the other precipitates. TiC density is smaller, its content is less in alloy powder, in the process of surfacing welding, TiC is melted fully, which is mainly distributed in surface layer and middle layer of hard facing layer. The content of TiC gradually reduces from surface layer of hard facing layer to the fusion area. Compared to TiC, the density of tungsten carbide and chromium carbide is larger, there exist tungsten carbide and chromium carbide particles, which are not completely melted near the fusion area. The micro-hardness presents gradient change from the fusion area to the surface layer of hard facing layer, and the hardness of the middle layer is slightly lower than that of the fusion area, and the hardness increases near the surface layer.

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of waste paper fiber on the properties of cement-based mortar and the relative mechanism. The cement-based mortars with various contents and mixing way of waste paper fibers were prepared and the slump flow, setting time and strength developments of all mortars were tested. Besides, Ca(OH)₂ content in hardened pastes at different ages and the microstructures of all mortar at 90d were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The experimental results showed that in the process of mixing, more superplastizier was consumed to maintain the workability because of the absorption of water and superplastizer on waste paper fiber. With more waste paper fiber being added, longer setting time is available for the pastes with it because of the carbohydrate dissolving and its retarding to the cement hydration. Waste paper fiber is adverse to the early and later strength of cement-based mortar, but it increases the mortar strengths at 7 and 28 d. The strength, Ca(OH)₂ content and microstructure are related to the content and mixing way of waste paper fiber. Waste paper fiber helps produce the Ca(OH)₂ at 7 and 28 d, but this case is reverse at ages of 1 and 3 d. Overall, waste paper fiber leads to the appearance of more pores in the hardened paste. However, it increases the toughness of cement-based mortar.

To obtain the influence laws of the fine gangue rate on the properties of coal gangue cementitious paste, the slump, divergence, stratification, bleeding, setting time and mechanical strength with the change of fine gangue rate were studied on the basis of keeping the amount of cementing material and slurry concentration unchanged. The porosity and the distribution of pore diameter of the filling specimen for curing 28 d were tested by a mercury injection instrument under different fine gangue rate conditions. It was shown that the slump, divergence, setting time and compressive strength of the paste firstly increased and then decreased with increasing fine gangue rate. The stratification and bleeding rate decreased with increasing fine gangue rate. The smaller the critical pore size of the paste was, the smaller the porosity was, the smaller the average pore size was. When the fine gangue rate was 40%, the maximum critical pore diameter of the paste was 55.79 μm, and the corresponding porosity was 17.54%, and the properties of filling paste were the best. When the fine gangue rate further increased, the aggregate surface area increased, and the reaction product of cementitious materials could not effectively fill the pores. It weakened the agglomeration effect. The particles surface of coal gangue was fragmental and flake deposit with irregular shape and uneven fold morphology. It was easy to be bonded with the surface of other filling material. The hydration products of coal gangue cementitious material were a large number of C-S-H gel with fibrous shape and ettringite (AFt) with compact block structure. The theoretical reference was provided for the preparation of low cost gangue cemented filling materials in coal mines.

An attractive way to prepare W/TaC based cermet at a relatively low temperature was proposed and confirmed experimentally. The thermodynamics calculations indicated that the reaction between WC and Ta₂O₅ was feasible at as low a temperature as 1 400 °C. The experimental results showed that W/TaC cermet could be fabricated by in-situ reaction sintering process at 1400 °C for 2 h in vacuum. The open porosity and bulk density of the W/TaC cermet were 15.3% and 13.4 g/cm³. Further, the microstructural features revealed that W, TaC, and Ta₂WO₈ were identified to be the main constituents of the W/TaC cermet. The mass lose rate and linear recession rate of the W/TaC cermet during an oxyacetylene torch test were 0.0048 g/s and 0.0233 mm/s, respectively. The high porosity, the presence of Ta₂WO₈ phases within W/TaC and evaporation of WO₃ on the surface of the composite contributed to the decrease of ablative property when comparing with pure W.

By using redispersible polymer powder (RPP) and carbon fiber (CF) to adjust the flexibility and electrical properties of the smart aggregate, a new kind of smart aggregate with Z type structure was proposed. The study shows that Z type aggregate is more sensitive to the feedback of external force than the prism aggregate in the same loading environment, and it indicates that Z type aggregate is more suitable for the research and application of concrete health monitoring. Although the incorporation of RPP would cause the compressive strength of the aggregates and the elastic modulus of hardened cement mortar to reduce slightly within the dosage of RPP by 2.25% because of the polymer film formed in the internal system, this would improve the deformability of the aggregates. In the early loading stage (in the first 60 seconds), the intelligent concrete specimens implanted with Z type smart aggregate do not show higher sensitivity as expected, although the resistance change rate changes a little bit more, the overall of it is still in balance. Adding RPP could improve the flexibility of smart aggregates exactly, and it plays an active role in prolonging the life of the smart aggregates. By implanting Z type aggregates the damage and failure of the concrete structure could be predicted accurately in this study. The results of this paper will help to promote further research and application of intelligent concrete.

The influence of air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates as replacement of natural aggregates on the water absorption of concrete and mortar was studied, and the mechanism was analyzed. The interface between aggregate and matrix in concrete was analyzed by using a micro-hardness tester, a laser confocal microscope and a scanning electron microscope with backscattered electron image mode. The pore structure of mortar matrixes under different curing conditions was investigated by mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results showed that when natural aggregates were replaced with air-cooled blast furnace slag aggregates in mortar or concrete, the content of the capillary pore in the mortar matrix was reduced and the interfacial structure between aggregate and matrix was improved, resulting in the lower water absorption of mortar or concrete. Compared to the concrete made with crushed limestone and natural river sand, the initial absorption coefficient, the secondary absorption coefficient and the water absorption capacity through the surface for 7d of the concrete made from crushed air-cooled blast furnace slag and air-cooled blast furnace slag sand were reduced by 48.9%, 52.8%, and 46.5%, respectively.

Red mud was firstly used as a raw material in sintering field road cement. Then, the radioactive element distribution characteristics of red mud based field road cement (RFC) before and after hydration were comparatively investigated. The experimental results indicated that the specific activity of ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th increased after sintering process from raw material to clinker, as a result of concentrating effect on ²²⁶Ra and ²³²Th during sintering process, but the specific activity of ⁴⁰K decreased after sintering process as a result of volatilization effect. Radionuclide ²²⁶Ra mainly distributed in RFC silicate phases (C _xS), ²³²Th distributed more in RFC interstitial phases than RFC silicate phases (C _xS), ⁴⁰K mainly distributed in RFC interstitial phases. With increasing hydration ages of RFC pastes, the specific activity of ²²⁶Ra kept increasing, ²³²Th remained consistency all the same and ⁴⁰K declined. The radioactivity of RFC was in the recommended safe limit of Chinese National Standards GB6566-2010 during its preparation and application process.

The stress–strain behavior and strain rate sensitivity of pre-strained Ni₈₀Cr₂₀ (Ni₂₀Cr) were studied at strain rates from 4.8×10^–4 s^–1 to 1.1×10^–1 s^–1. Specimens were prepared through cold drawing with abnormal plastic deformation. The texture of the specimen was characterized using electron backscatter diffraction. Results revealed that the ultimate tensile strength and ductility of the pre-strained Ni₂₀Cr microwires simultaneously increased with increasing strain rate. Twinning-induced negative strain rate sensitivity was discovered. Positive strain rate sensitivity was present in fracture flow stress, whereas negative strain rate sensitivity was detected in flow stress values of σ _0.5% and σ _1%. Tensile test of the pre-strained Ni20Cr showed that twinning deformation predominated, whereas dislocation slip deformation dominated when twinning deformation reached saturation. The trends observed in the fractions of 2°-5°, 5°-15°, and 15°-180° grain boundaries confirmed that twinning deformation dominated the first stage.

Microstructure and mechanical behavior of the squeeze-casting and squeeze-casting plus T6 heat-treated Mg-8Gd-2Y-0.4Zr magnesium alloys at room and elevated temperatures were investigated. The experimental results showed that the T6 treated alloy aged at slightly high temperature exhibited good comprehensive strength and ductility. However, the strength of the tested alloys was not sensitive to the change of tensile temperature, i e, the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength did not decrease significantly with increasing tensile temperature, while the ductility increased greatly. In addition, the squeeze-casting alloy exhibited predominant intergranular fracture accompanied by minor transgranular rupture, and the tensile fracture mode for the T6 treated alloy had typical transgranular cleavage fracture.

Ge_50-xSb _xTe₅₀ and Ge_50-xBi _xTe₅₀ ternary alloys were synthesized by vacuum melting at 1273 K with the starting materials of Ge, Bi, Sb, and Te. The lattice structures were analyzed based on X-ray diffraction patterns, which could all be indexed to R3m rhombic structure. Electrical properties measurements revealed that the Ge-Sb-Te ternary alloys were p-type semiconductors with high electrical conductivity of 4.5×10⁵ S∙m^-1 near room temperature. And the maximum electrical property was obtained at Ge₄₅Sb₅Te₅₀, with the power factor of 2.49×10^-3 W∙m-1K^-2 at 640 K. Due to the existence of secondary phases, the electrical conductivity of Ge-Bi-Te system was lower and Seebeck coefficient was higher comparing with those of Ge-Sb-Te system.

Induction melting was used as a routine method to synthesize Mg₂₃Ni₁₀, Mg₂₂LaNi₁₀ and Mg₂₁La₂Ni₁₀ alloys, and followed by a detailed microstructural characterization which included X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) and hydrogen absorption/desorption measurements. XRD analysis results showed that Mg₂Ni and Mg phases were detected in the XRD pattern of the Mg₂₃Ni₁₀ alloy, however, the La addition results in conversion from Mg to LaMg3 and La2Mg17 phases and appearance of crystal defects included dislocations, twin grain boundary and vacancy in the Mg₂₂LaNi₁₀ and Mg₂₁La₂Ni₁₀ alloy textures. The total maximum hydrogen absorption capacity was 4.45wt% for the Mg₂₃Ni₁₀ alloy, however, the Mg₂₂LaNi₁₀ and Mg₂₁La₂Ni₁₀ alloys with vacancy, dislocations and twin grain boundary, absorbed 3.66wt% and 3.60wt%, respectively, indicating that the La addition led to decreasing of the maximum hydrogen absorption capacity. Besides, hydrogen absorption/desorption of 90% of saturated state expended for about 456 and 990 s for pristine Mg₂₃Ni₁₀ alloy, by contrast, the time decreased owing to improvement of hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics in the alloy with La element, with which the uptake time for hydrogen content to 90% of saturated state was 150 and 78 s, and 90% hydrogen can be released in 930 and 804 s for Mg₂₂LaNi₁₀ and Mg₂₁La₂Ni₁₀ alloys in the experimental condition.

A novel photosensitive copolymer P(SS-co-AA-g-GMA) (PSAG) was synthesized and utilized to noncovalently functionalize pristine single-walled carbon nanotubes (SCNTs). PSAG was highly effective for the solubilization of SCNTs in water and validated by UV-vis absorption spectra experiments, resulting in homogeneous and stable PSAG-SCNT aqueous dispersion. The microstructure of SCNTs was observed through Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, compared with the two common polymeric dispersants of Triton X-100 and PSS, PSAG demonstrated more effective performances for dispersing SCNTs under identical conditions. Furthermore, the photosensitive PSAG-SCNTs can be crosslinked after UV irradiation, leading to significant improvement in the water resistance of SCNT films. UV-cured films can be transferred to plastic wrap to form a flexible film with high electrical conductivity.

A new kind of zirconium(Zr) complex containing ligand of salicylaldehyde-imine was successfully synthesized with ZrCl₄·2THF and salicylaldehyde-imine as raw materials. The ligand was characterized by means of ¹HNMR, IR, and GC-MS, and Zr complex was characterized by means of ¹HNMR and IR, respectively. The Zr complex, combined with co-catalyst of Al(i-Bu)₃, was explored to be effective catalytic system for the polymerization of butyl methacrylate(BMA), to prepare poly-n-butyl methacrylate (PBMA), which was characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR and GPC. Compared with other double-component (MAO/Cat, AlEt₃/Cat) catalytic systems, catalytic system of Al(i-Bu)₃ and the Zr complex provided the best catalytic activity under the same conditions. The influence of polymerization parameters, such as molar ratio of Al(i-Bu)₃/Cat and BMA/Cat, polymerization temperature and polymerization time, was studied with Zr complex/Al(i-Bu)₃ system. With increasing polymerization time from 4 to 24 hour, the monomer conversion increased from 40.14% to 96.56%. Viscosity-average molecular weight (Mv) of PBMA, detected by the viscosity methodology, increased from 12.67×10⁴ Da to 44.97×10⁴ Da and lower molecular weight distribution was obtained. According to these results, the Zr complex contained ligand of salicylaldehyde-imine was a kind of readily, long lifetime and high activity catalyst for BMA polymerization.

The foamed polypropylene (PP) with excellent mechanical and thermal insulating properties was reinforced by blending chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), followed by compression molding foaming in cross-link. The effects of CPE on the foaming behavior, thermal and mechanical properties of the foamed PP were studied by the measurements of density, thermal conductivity, Vicat softening temperature, tensile strength, impact strength and SEM. The results showed that the foamed PP got the best properties when the weight ratio of CPE/ PP was 20wt%. The density of the obtained foamed PP was as low as 0.37 g/cm³, the impact strength was 16.5 kJ/m², the tensile strength was 17.7 MPa, the thermal conductivity was 0.035 W/(m·K), and the Vicat softening temperature was 112 °C.

Ti-Cu films with different Cu concentrations were fabricated by high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HPPMS) to release copper ions and catalyze NO to improve the blood compatibility. The Cu concentrations of films were 25.7at% and 68.8at%. Pure Ti films were also fabricated. Copper release, catalytic release of nitric oxide (NO), and blood platelet adhesion of Ti-Cu films were studied. Ti-Cu films released copper ions in PBS solution and more Cu ions were released from films with 68.8at% Cu. Ti-Cu films had excellent ability of catalytical decomposition of exogenous donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP) and as a result, nitric oxide (NO) was generated. The NO generation catalyzed by Ti-Cu films was significantly higher than that by pure Ti films. This was more eminent in the Ti-Cu films with 68.8 at% Cu. The platelet adhesion and activation of Ti-Cu films were significantly inhibited compared to that of pure Ti films in the presence of SNAP. The Ti-Cu film fabricated by HPPMS showed the ability of releasing Cu ions to catalyze SNAP to generate NO to inhibit platelet adhesion and activation.

A multifunctional drug delivery system (GNRs@mSiO₂-HA-RGD) was developed by conjugating targeting ligand hyaluronic acid (HA) and RGD with mesoporous silica- coated gold nanorods (GNRs@mSiO₂) for dual-targeted chemo-photothermal therapy. The physiochemical properties of the prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, UV-vis spectra, and ¹H NMR. Doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), an anticancer drug, was used as the model drug to investigate the drug loading, in vitro drug release profiles and cytotoxicity. The experimental results show that DOX-GNRs@mSiO₂-HA-RGD is synthesized with a mean diameter of 116 nm and a sufficient load capacity of about 19.8%. It also has pH-enzyme sensitive and NIRtriggered drug release manner. Cellular uptake indicates that DOX-GNRs@mSiO₂-HA-RGD exhibits a higher cellular uptake via CD44 receptor and integrin receptor mediated endocytosis compared with the GNRs@ mSiO₂ modified with one receptor or no receptor. In comparison with chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, DOX-GNRs@mSiO₂-HA-RGD displayes the synergistic effects and achieves a higher therapeutic efficacy. It can be expected that DOX-GNRs@mSiO₂-HA-RGD is a potential dual-targeted chemo-photothermal therapeutic platform for effective cancer treatment.