Wear-resistance Performance of Spray-welding Coating by Plasma Weld-surfacing

Abstract

Alloy powders including Ni60, WC, Cr₃C₂, and TiC with different mass ratios were deposited on medium carbon low alloy steel by plasma welding. Through the experiments, the optimal alloy powder reinforcing cutter tool surface properties were discovered. The wear resistance properties were investigated on the impact abrasive wear tester. The experimental results show that in terms of microstructure, there exists the shape of herringbone, spider mesh, broken flower structures in coatings. In addition, fusion area of four specimens surfacing welding layer displays a large number of acicular martensite with a small amount of austenite. The coating mainly consists of Ni-Cr-Fe austenitic phase and the other precipitates. TiC density is smaller, its content is less in alloy powder, in the process of surfacing welding, TiC is melted fully, which is mainly distributed in surface layer and middle layer of hard facing layer. The content of TiC gradually reduces from surface layer of hard facing layer to the fusion area. Compared to TiC, the density of tungsten carbide and chromium carbide is larger, there exist tungsten carbide and chromium carbide particles, which are not completely melted near the fusion area. The micro-hardness presents gradient change from the fusion area to the surface layer of hard facing layer, and the hardness of the middle layer is slightly lower than that of the fusion area, and the hardness increases near the surface layer.

Keywords

plasma-transferred arc / weld-surfacing / alloy powder / microstructure / wear-resistance

References

[1] Torres Y, Tarrago JM, Coureaux D, et al. Fracture and Fatigue of Rock bit Cemented Carbides: Mechanics and Mechanisms of Crack Growth Resistance Under Monotonic and Cyclic Loading[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 2014, 45: 179-188.

[2] HE X-f, SHI J-hua. Study on Technology for Carburization of High Quality Coarse-grained WC[J]. RareMetals Letters, 2005, 10: 28-31.

[3] Liu YF, Liu XB, Xu XY, et al. Microstructure and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Fe2TiSi/_γ-Fe/Ti5Si3, Composite Coating Fabricated by Plasma Transferred arc Cladding Process[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2010, 205(3): 814-819.

[4] Tosun G. Coating of AISI1010 Steel by Ni-WC Using Plasma Transferred Arc Process[J]. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2014, 39(04): 3 271-3 277.

[5] Huang S, Sun D, Wang W. Microstructures and Properties of Ni Based Composite Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spray Welding with Mixed Powders[J]. International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials, 2015, 52: 36-43.

[6] Liu YF, Mu JS, Xu XY, et al. Microstructure and Dry-sliding Wear Properties of TiC-reinforced Composite Coating Prepared by Plasma- transferred arc Weld-surfacing Process[J]. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2007, 458(1-2): 366-370.

[7] Francis JA. Predicting Steady State Dilution in Multipass Hardfacing Overlays-geometric Opproach[J]. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 2002, 7(5): 331-338.

[8] Bhushan B, Davis RE, Kolar HR. Metallurgical re-examination of wear modes II: adhesive and abrasive [J]. Thin Solid Films, 1985, 123(2): 113-126.

[9] Song EP, Ahn J, Lee S, et al. Effects of Critical Plasma Spray Parameter and Spray Distance on Wear Resistance of Al₂O₃–8wt.%TiO₂coatings Plasma-sprayed with Nanopowders[J]. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2008, 202(15): 3 625-3 632.

[10] Stolarski TA, Tobe S. The Effect of Spraying Distance on Wear Resistance of Molybdenum Coatings[J]. Wear, 2001, 249(12): 1 096-1 102.

[11] Çelik ON. Microstructure and Wear Properties of WCParticle Reinforced Composite Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy Produced by the Plasma Transferred arc Method[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 274(274): 334-340.

[12] Chen D, Liu D, Liu Y, et al. Microstructure and Fretting Wear Resistance of γ/TiC Composite Coating in Situ Fabricated by Plasma Transferred arc Cladding[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2014, 239(239): 28-33.

[13] Wolfe TBB. Homogeneity of Metal Matrix Composited by Plasma Transferred Are Welding[D]. Edmonton:University of Alberta, 2010

[14] Sudha C, Shankar P R R, et al. Microchemical and Microstructural Studies in a PTA Weld Overlay of Ni-Cr-Si-B Alloy on AISI304L Stainless Steel[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2008, 202(10): 2 103-2 112.

[15] Qi X, Zhu S, Ding H, et al. Microstructure and Wear Behaviors of WC- 12%Co Coating Deposited on Ductile Iron by Electric Contact Surface Strengthening[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 282(10): 672-679.

[16] Çelik ON. Microstructure and Wear Properties of WCParticle Reinforced Composite Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy Produced by the Plasma Transferred arc Method[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 274(274): 334-340.

[17] Yuan J, Ma C, Yang S, et al. Improving the Wear Resistance of HVOF Sprayed WC-Co Coatings by Adding Submicron-sized WCParticles at the Splats’ Interfaces[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2016, 285: 17-23.

[18] Bag A, Ray KK, Dwarkadasa ES. Influence of Martensite Content and Morphology on the Toughness and Fatigue Behavior of High-martensite Dual-phase Steels. Metall Mater Trans, 1999, 30(A): 1 193-202.

[19] Zeng Z, Wang L, Chen L, et al. The Correlation Between the Hardness and Tribological Behaviour of Electroplated Chromium Coatings Sliding Against Ceramic and Steel Counterparts[J]. Surface & Coatings Technology, 2006, 201(6): 2 282-2 288.

[20] Efremenko VG, Shimizu K, Noguchi T, et al. Impact–abrasive–corrosion Wear of Fe-based alloys: Influence of Microstructure and Chemical Composition Upon Wear Resistance[J]. Wear, 2013, 305(1-2): 155-165.