A series of cases of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) were studied by morphology and flow cytometry. The DNA analysis was performed by applying a trypsin digestion method to archival paraffin-embedded samples. DNA aneuploid tumors constituted 47.4% of the total cases, and the frequency in the intermediate and the high malignant grade groups (51.9%, 76.8%) were significantly higher than that of the low grade group (17.696;P<0.05). The S phase fraction (SPF) increased significantly with a high histological malignant grade (P<0.005). The mean SPF values of the low, intermediate and high grade lympbomas were 6.5 (0.6–18.8)%, 13.5(3.2–37.3)% and 23.4 (4.4–41.4)%, respectively. Differences in ploidy status were not associated with survival rate. The survival rate of the cases with high SPF value in all cases of our series and low grade group of NHLs tended to become lower (P= 0.1 and 0.08, respectively). These results suggest that the flow cytometric analysis of DNA content should be a useful means for prediction of prognosis in non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

Potential effect of the interaction of CD₂ with its ligand LFA-3 on B cell responses in vitro was studied to evaluate the action of CD₂-LFA-3 in immune responses. It was found that: 1) addition of autologous erythrocytes to uniractional mononuclear cells resulted in enhancement of PWM-induced lymphocyte proliferation, and had no significant influence on non-mitogen stimulation; 2) autologous erythrocytes potentiated the synthesis of immunoglo bulins; and 3) costimulating effects of autologous RBC can be depressed by preincubation of PBMNC with anti-CD₂ monoclonal antibody (WuTll). The results suggest that preincubation of mononuclear cells with anti-CD₂ McAb has a down-regulating effects on B cell responses and the interaction of CD₂ with its ligand LFA-3 expressed by RBC is closely related to immune responses.

The alteration in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) induced by cigarette smoking was studied in Wistar rats, piglets and in humans. The percentage change of pulmonary vascular resistance (δPVR%) and the amplitude of the systolic wave in impedance pneumorheogram (δH%) were used to estimate the strength of HPV. It was observed that immediately after acute cigarette smoking, HPV in rats increased (δPVR% from 55,0 ±15.6% to 102.3 ±12.4%), which is mainly mediated by leukotrienes (LTs); whereas HPV in piglets decreased (δPVR% from 65.2 + 12.5% to 55.9 ±9.8%), which is mainly mediated by β-adrenergic receptors, and HPV in humans also increased (δH% from 20.6±2.6% to 31.1 ±4.1%), in which prostaglandins and leukotrienes may play the role of mediators. However, after one-month cigarette smoking, the HPV in rats fell significantly (δPVR% 11.4±1.6%). An increase in synthesis of vasodilative prostaglandins and a decrease in leukotrienes synthesis may be the contributing factors to this alteration in HPV.

A new kind of carbon paste electrodes modified by chelating resin was prepared for detection of trace amount of copper in human hair. As the ion exchange between chelating resin and cupric ions and the coordination reaction on the modified electrode take place at the same time, this method has high sensitivity and good selectivity. The detection limit is 6 X 10^™9mol/L. The average percentage of recovered copper is 108 ±8.3% and the variant coefficient(CV)7.7%.

The effects of cadmium and phenobarbital (PB) administration on the activities of microsomal mixed-function oxidase (MFO) in rat kidney cortex and liver were studied. Five indices, including cytochrome P-450 contents, aniline hydroxylase, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, amino-pyrine N-demethylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities, were assayed. By comparison, it was found that PB could induce MFO activities in kidney cortex microsomes and liver microsomes, both hepatic and renal microsomal MFO were decreased by the ip injection of CdCl₂, and Cd²⁺ could markedly decrease the phenobarbital induction to hepatic and renal microsomal MFO activities with the exception of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase in kidney cortex microsomes.

Allotypes of C₂, BF and C₄ in 58 patients with cerebral stroke(CS) and 110 normal control individuals in Guangzhou district were determined. The results show that there is a significant association between BF*F and CS.

Based on the gate-related receptor hypothesis, a quantitative study on kinetics and state-dependency of metoclopramide (Met) blockade of cardiac sodium channels was performed by computer simulation. The characteristics of Met, a sodium channel blocker modulated simultaneously by both activation and inactivation gates were described and analyzed for the first time. The time constant of recovery from blocking for Met at resting potential -85 mV was 2.82 s, which was increased during depolarization or hyperpolarization. Its apparent rate of onset of blocking was 0. 49 AP^™1 at a stimulation frequency of 2.0 Hz. A concentration-dependent shift of h_∞ curve was found at doses higher than 100 μmol/L Met. This study provides a new test and verification for our gate-related receptor hypothesis.

A calcium ion-selective PVC membrane electrode based on neutral carrier n,n,n’,n’-tetracyclohexyl-3-oxapetanediamide, using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate as the plasticizer and potassium tetrakis (4-chlorophenyl) borate as the additive is reported in this paper. The ion selective membrane consists of 1 wt % of the Ca²⁺ selective ligand, 65 wt % of the plasticizer, 1 wt % of the additive and 33 wt % of poly (vinyl chloride) powder. The electrode has the linear response range of 2.0 × 10^™7 —10^™1 mol/L with the Nernstian slope of 28 mV/decade at 25 °C and the detection limit of 2.0 × 10^™8 mol/L. The response time of the calcium ion-selective electrode is 4s as the concentration of calcium ion is rapidly shifted from 10^™5 to 10^™4 mol/L. The potential stability and reproducibility are good. The free calcium in blood serum was determined by the calcium ion-selective electrode with satisfactory results.

In this study the technique of labelling the cell membrane with DPH fluorescence polarization was used to observe the membrane fluidity of B lymphocytic cell lines and tonsillar cells from healthy persons; the modulation effect on membrane-fluidity induced by McAbs against isotypic and idiotypic determinants of IgM from patients with leukemia was studied as well. The expression of the corresponding isotypic and idiotypic determinants of IgM on the cell membrane was determined. The results show that the membrane fluidity of leukemic cell lines is remarkably higher than that of tonsillar cells from healthy persons, and McAbs against isotypic determinants of leukemic IgM can enhance the membrane fluidity of all kinds of cells mentioned above. However, the anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody increased only the membrane fluidity of leukemic cell lines. These results indicated that there was a close relationship between the effect of McAbs on cell membrane fluidity and the expression of corresponding isotypic and idiotypic determinants of IgM on the cell membrane.

The present study was undertaken to measure fibronectin (FN) concentration in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method, to observe the distribution of FN in liver with an immunohistochemical stain method and to investigate the effect of chronic normobaric hypoxia on them in experimental rats. The results showed that chronic hypoxia caused a significant decrease in plasma FN concentration while BALF FN concentration and the distribution of FN in the liver were not significantly affected, suggesting that the change in FN in. the lower respiratory tract can not be reflected by the change in plasma FN concentration and that the decrease in plasma FN concentration can not be attributed to the change in liver FN secretion. The decrease in plasma FN concentration may lead to a decrease in the defence ability of the body and may contribute to the development of hypercoagulability observed in some patients with chronic hypoxia.

A new biomaterial, magnetic porous tricalcium phosphate ceramics (MPTCP), may be used for repairing defects in bones as a substitute for bone grafting. This study was designed to examine its biocompatibility and the systemic toxicity. The ceramic sections, approximately 15.3 mg, were implanted into both proximal femurs of 10 male and 10 female albino SW rats. An equal number of male and female animals served as sham-operated controls. Implantation of MPTCP ceramics in rat femurs had no deleterious effects on body weight, organ/body weight ratio, and on blood, liver and kidney functions. Plasma levels of inorganic phosphorus were significantly elevated in rats implanted with MPTCP ceramics. Alkaline phosphatase values in plasma in the experimental group were equal to those in the control group. Photomicrographs, radiographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of the rat femurs implanted with MPTCP ceramics demonstrated excellent bone association with implants and growth of some new bone into MPTCP ceramics. In conclusion, MPTCP ceramics are biocompatible and suitable for the reconstruction of bones.

Previous studies suggested that hepatic alpha and beta adrenergic receptors is stable and it is in dynamic equilibrium under normal conditions. However, at a pathological condition these receptors may be changed. We studied the changes of adrenergic receptors in the rat liver with acute injury and in, endotoxemia by light microscopic autoradiography. Our experimental results reveal that in the liver of rats with acute injury and in endotoxemia there were changes in varying degrees of alpha and beta adrenoceptors. Moreover, the changes were not uniform in various structures of the rat liver. Glucagon can keep adrenergic receptors stable on hepatic cells and muscular cells of blood vessels in the rat liver. Our experiment provides evidence for clinical use of adrenoceptor antagonists in the treatment of acute and chronic liver disease.

As part of a larger study relating to silica exposure, silicosis, and lung cancer mortality in Chinese mine and factory workers, 1936 old posterior-anterior chest X-rays were re-interpreted according to the 1986 Chinese Roentgenodiagnostic Criteria of pneumoconioses. Each film was independently read by three individuals from a panel of eleven radiologists, and this reading was compared to the original one. Subsequent to the independent readings, a groups of three readers interpreted the films together, called the consensus readings. Comparisons were made by Chinese stage of pneumoconiosis. For the entire cohort, there was a crude agreement of 57.4% between the old and the new interpretations. Agreement within one step of full agreement was 92.5%. The interpretations done by median reading and by consensus were very similar. In general, there was a tendency for the old readings to be slightly higher compared to the new interpretations. This tendency was most marked in the tin mines, followed in decreasing order by the iron/copper mines, the potteries, and the tungsten mines. The agreement between the old and new interpretations is felt to be satisfactory.

The effects of dietary oils on pulmonary vasoreactivity and chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension were assessed in rats fed on soybean oil (SO), pig oil (PO), soybean oil plus pig oil (SP) or a regular diet (HC) started two months before the onset of chronic normobaric hypoxia (10±0.5 % O₂ ventilation, 8 h per day, for 14 days). The mean pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vasoreactivity to acute hypoxia were higher in the SO group than in the PO, SP and HC groups. Hypertrophy of the right ventricle in the SO group was more serious as well. Blood viscosity and hematocrit were augmented by chronic hypoxic in SO, PO, PS and HC groups, but no significant differences were found among them. The findings suggest that dietary soybean oil can potentiate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, and thereby promote the development of pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy.