A universal non-Hermitian platform for bound state in the continuum enhanced wireless power transfer

Abstract

Non-Hermitian systems with parity−time (PT)-symmetry have been extensively studied and rapidly developed in resonance wireless power transfer (WPT). The WPT system that satisfies PT-symmetry always has real eigenvalues, which promote efficient energy transfer. However, meeting the condition of PT-symmetry is one of the most puzzling issues. Stable power transfer under different transmission conditions is also a great challenge. Bound state in the continuum (BIC) supporting extreme quality-factor mode provides an opportunity for efficient WPT. Here, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that BIC widely exists in resonance-coupled systems without PT-symmetry, and it can even realize more stable and efficient power transfer than PT-symmetric systems. Importantly, BIC for efficient WPT is universal and suitable in standard second-order and even high-order WPT systems. Our results not only extend non-Hermitian physics beyond PT-symmetry, but also bridge the gap between BIC and practical application engineering, such as high-performance WPT, wireless sensing and communications.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

non-Hermitian physics / parity−time asymmetry / bound state in the continuum / wireless power transfer

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Declarations

The authors declare that they have no competing interests and there are no conflicts.

Data and code availability

All the data and codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.

Author contributions

Z. G., Y. C., and H. C. conceived the idea and supervised the project. H. Z. carried out the analytical calculations with the help of Y. Y., H. Z. prepared the sample and conducted experimental measurements with the help of Y. L., H. Z., Z. G., Y.C., and H. C. wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed to discussions of the results and the manuscript.

Electronic supplementary materials

Supplementary materials to this article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11467-023-1388-x and https://journal.hep.com.cn/fop/EN/10.1007/s11467-023-1388-x.

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (Nos. 2021YFA1400602 and 2023YFA1407600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 12004284 and 12374294), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 22120210579), and the Chenguang Program of Shanghai (No. 21CGA22).

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