Magnetic-field-sensitive multi-wave interference

Abstract

We report an experimental study of magnetic-field-sensitive multi-wave interference, realized in a three-wave RF-atom system. In the F = 1 hyperfine level of the {}^{87}\mathrm{R}\mathrm{b}{5}^2{\mathrm{S}}_{1/2} ground state, Ramsey fringes were observed via the spin-selective Raman detection. A decrease in the fringe contrast was observed with increasing free evolution time. The maximum evolution time for observable fringe contrasts was investigated at different atom temperatures, under free-falling and trapped conditions. As the main interest of the Ramsey method, the improvement in magnetic field resolution is observed with an increase of evolution time T up to 3 ms and with the measurement resolution reaching 0.85 nT. This study paves the way for precision magnetic field measurements based on cold atoms.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

atom interferometer / magnetometer / cold atom device / multi-wave interference

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2020YFC2200200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 12004128, 12104174, and 12274163), and Open Fund of Wuhan, Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides, National Observation and Research Station (Grants Nos. WHYWZ202211 and WHYWZ202104). We thank Dr. Xiaochun Duan and Dr. Jean-Michel Le Floch for the enlightening talk about this work. Codes and data are available upon request from the authors. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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