Core-softened potentials, multiple liquid–liquid critical points, and density anomaly regions: An exact solution

Abstract

The pressure versus temperature phase diagram of a system of particles interacting through a multiscale shoulder-like potential is exactly computed in one dimension. The N-shoulder potential exhibits N density anomaly regions in the phase diagram if the length scales can be connected by a convex curve. The result is analyzed in terms of the convexity of the Gibbs free energy.

Keywords

density anomalies regions

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