Stress induced polarization switching and coupled hysteretic dynamics in ferroelectric materials

Abstract

The dynamic responses of ferroelectric materials upon external mechanical and electrical stimulations are inherently nonlinear and coupled. In the current paper, a macroscopic differential model is constructed for the coupled hysteretic dynamics via modeling the orientation switching induced in the materials. A non-convex potential energy is constructed with both mechanic and electric field contributions. The governing equations are formulated as nonlinear ordinary differential equations by employing the Euler-Lagrange equation, and can be easily recast into a state space form. Hysteresis loops associated with stress induced polarization switching and butterfly-shaped behavior in ferroelectric materials are also successfully captured. The effects of mechanical loadings on the electrically induced switching are numerically investigated, as well as the mechanically-induced switching with various bias electric fields.

Keywords

differential model / state space / electromechanical switching / butterfly effects / hysteresis

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Acknowledgements

L. X. Wang acknowledged the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10872062), and the support by the open research fund of the State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power Transmission and Control (No. GZKF-201003).

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg