To examine whether hypoxia exerts effect on the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in pulmonary vascular pericytes (PC), cell culture,in situ hybridization with probe of digoxigenin-11-dUTP-labled cDNA, immunocytochemistry and image analysis were employed in this study. The results showed that the expression amount of bFGF mRNA and protein in PC of hypoxia (H) group was 1. 31 times (P < 0. 01) and 1. 17 times (P < 0. 01) that of normoxia (N) group respectively. It suggests that hypoxia can directly enhance the expression of bFGF mRNA and protein in PC. Increased expression of bFGF may play an important role in the process of PC proliferation and differentiation of PC into smooth muscle-like cells.

A computer analysis system, automated imaging cytometry (AIC), flow cytometry (FCM) and EM, were used to study the relationship of apoptosis and the change of DNA in mouse HepA cells subjected to hyperthermia. Our results showed that pyknotic rate in the 44 C group was significantly increased (P < 0. 01) when compared with that in the 37 C group, both the diploid rate and aneuploid rate in the 44 C group were significantly decreased (P < 0. 01) when compared with that in the 37 C group. The pyknotic rate determined by ALC was in conformity with the apoptotic index (AI) determined by FCM. Under EM, ultrastructures of HapA cells appeared typical apoptosis changes in the 44 C group. We are led to conclude that (1) when the temperature is 42 C or 44 C for 2 h, it did not promote the necrosis of HepA cells; (2) when the temperature is 42 C for 2 h, it did not obviously induce the apoptosis of HepA cells, and the 44 C for 2 h obviously induced the apoptosis of HepA cells; (3) AIC method can be used as an aid for the measurement of apoptotic index. Further study is needed to established it as a novel, simple and convenient method for determining the apoptosis.

(Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated gene (ATM) functions in control of cell cycle checkpoints in responding to DNA damage and protects cells from undergoing apoptosis. Knock-out within tumor cells of endogenous ATM will achieve therapeutic benefits and enable a better understanding of the decisive mechanisms of cell death or survival in response to DNA damaging agents.) In present paper, we sought to characterize the cell cycle checkpoint profiles in U937-ASPI3K, a U937 cell mutant that was previously established with endogenous ATM knock-out phenotype. Synchronized U937-ASPI3K was exposed to¹³⁷Cs irradiation, G₁, S, G₂/M cell cycle checkpoint profiles were evaluated by determining cell cycle kinetics, p53/p21 protein, cyclin dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) and p34CDC2 kinase activity in response to irradiation. U937-ASPI3K exhibited multiple defects in cell cycle checkpoints as defined by failing to arrest cells upon irradiation. The accumulation of cellular p53/p21 protein and inhibition of CDK kinase was also abolished in U937-ASPI3K. It was concluded that the stable expression of anti-sense PI3K cDNA fragment completely abolished multiple cell cycle checkpoints in U937-ASPI3K, and hence U937-ASPI3K with an AT-like phenotype could serves as a valuable model system for investigating the signal transduction pathway in responding to DNA damaging-based cancer therapy.

To establish a cell line as a model system for HCV infection and propagationin vitro, a human HepG2 cell line was incubated with a HCV RNA positive serum. The sABC immunological techniques and gold-labeled colloid electron microscopy method were employed to examine the viral proteins in those cells. The HCV non-structure 5 antigen was first detected in the HepG2 cells 72 h after incubation. The antigen was continuously observed in the cytoplasm as well on the membrane of the HepG2 cells even after 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after incubation. The observation of HCV non-structure 5 antigen continuously expressed in the HepG2 cells strongly indicates that the cells may have been infected by HCV virus. Therefore, the HepG2 cell line may serve as a potential host for establishment of HCV infection and propagationin vitro.

The change of measurements of impulse oscillometry (IOS) in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients and its mechanism were observed. The respiratory impedance was measured by using IOS technique and polysomnography (PSG) was monitored synchronously in 36 OSAS patients, 14 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 12 normal controls. Results showed that R₂₀ in OSAS group was significantly higher than in COPD group and control group (P < 0. 01). R₅-R₂₀ in OSAS group was lower than that in COPD group, but significantly higher than that in control group (P< 0. 01). The levels of R₂₀ and R₅-R₂₀ were positively correlated with severity degree of the disease. In addition, apnea-hyponea index (AHI) was positively correlated with R₅ and R₂₀ with the correlation index (r)being 0. 66 and 0. 86 respectively. The lowest SO₂ was negatively correlated with R₅ and R₅-R₂₀, with r being -0. 66 and -0. 79 respectively. The mean SO₂ was negatively correlated with R₅ and R₅-R₂₀ with r being -0. 81 and -0. 69 respectively. IOS technique could be used as a valuable tool for assessing the degree of upper airway obstruction in the patients with OSAS, and could help to explore its pathological mechanism.

To evaluate the effect of estrogen on its ability to restore the bone mass and bone quality in ovariectomized rats by examining the changes of bone morphology and histomorphometry, 3-month-old rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: normal control, ovariectomized (OVX), shamoperated (Sham-O) and OVX plus estrogen (OVX+E₂). Treatment initiated from the day 8 weeks after operation and continued for 12 weeks. Bone morphology and histomorphometry were examined afterwards. Results showed that comparing to control group, the trabecular bone in OVX appeared thinner and reduced in the amount. The connectivity between trabecula was decreased and the structure disordered. The free-end of trabecula was increased. The cavity of bone marrow enlarged. After treatment with estrogen, above changes improved remarkably by different degree, although did not reach the normal face. The bone histomorphometry results damonstrated that estrogen treatment increased bone mass and the amount of trabecula by 129 % and 132 % respectively (P < 0. 05). The activity of bone resorption decreased significantly and the rate of bone formation increased to 203%. These results suggest that treatment of ovariectomized rats with estrogen can not only increase bone mass, also improve the bone structure and enhance the property of bone mechanics.

Liposomes have showed many advantages in mediating exogenous gene into many cell typesin vitro andin vivo. But few data are available concerning gene transfer into hematopoietic cells. In this report, we described two-marker genes (Neo R and Lac Z) co-transferred into hematopoietic cells of human and mouse by using liposomein vitro. The efficiency of gene transfer was tested by X-gal staining and observation of colony formation. The X-gal blue staining rate of transduced cells was about (13. 33 ± 2. 68) % in human and about (16. 28 ± 2. 95) % in mouse without G418 selection. After G418 selection, the blue cell rate was (46. 06 ± 3. 47) % in human and (43. 45 ± 4. 1) % in mouse, which were markedly higher than those before selection, suggesting that high-efficiency gene transfer and expression could be attained in primary hematopoietic cells using this easy and harmless transduction protocol. At the same time, this protocol provided experimental data for clinicians to investigate the biology of marrow reconstitution and trace the origin of relapse after autologous bone marrow transplantation for the patients with leukemia.

The value of the combined in-phase (IP) and opposed-phase (OP) T1-weighted (T1-W) breath-hold FLASH sequences for hepatic imaging, especially for fat content, was evaluated. Non-contrast-enhanced IP and OP T1-W GRE breath-hold images were obtained in 76 patients refereed for abdominal MRI at 1. 5T. 76 patients were divided into three groups for analysis: (1) liver without mass (n=8); (2) liver with hepatoma (n=34); (3) liver with haemangioma or cyst (n=34). Liver/spleen and liver/lesion signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were assessed for lesion detection. Images between IP and OP sequences were compared quantitatively. The results showed that there was not statistically significant difference in liver/spleen and liver/lesion SNR between IP and OP sequences. In the patients with fatty infiltration, the OP sequences yielded substantially lower values for liver/spleen and liver/lesion SNR than those of the IP sequences. Furthermore, OP imaging showed fatty infiltration in 14 cases and demonstrated hyperintense peritumor rim in 4 cases. In 14 cases of fatty infiltration, many lesions were identified using IP images. The use of IP and OP GRE sequences provides complementary diagnostic information for hepatic lesions and fat content. Focal hepatic lesions may be obscured in the setting of fatty infiltration if only OP sequences are employed. A complete assessment of the liver with MR should include both IP and OP imaging.

The effects of L-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) on the cultured rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation and the mechanism of L-THP treating reperfusion-arrythmias were studied. The concentration of intracellular free calcium ([Ca²⁺]_i) of single cultured ventricular myocyte was determined by using EPC-9 light-electricity measurement system. It was found that L-THP (100 μmol/L) could reduce the [Ca²⁺]_i augmentation in single cultured ventricular myocyte during hypoxia and reoxygenation. Verapamil (10 μmol/L) had the similar effect. It was concluded that LTHP could inhibit the Ca²⁺ overload of cultured rat cardiomyocytes during hypoxia and reoxygenation.

Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is the major receptor with which cells can uptake the triacylglycerol from blood. It is divided into two subtypes according to presence of O-linked sugar domain located in the VLDLR receptor immediately outside of the membrane. Type I VLDLR contains the O-link domain, while type II has no such domain. The type I VLDLR are mainly found on the surface of human myocardial cells. The result of our quantitative polymerase chain reaction on the normal and fibrotic cardiac muscles showed that both subtypes and expression level of VLDLR on the myocardial cell surface did not vary significantly between the normal and the fibrotic cardiac muscles despite the presence of malfunction due to fibrosis. This finding suggests that fibrosis doesn’t exert significant influence on the subtype and the expression of VLDLR on the surface of myocardial cells. Such inconsistence with the changes found in other fibrotic tissues is awaiting further studies.

The activity and protein concentration of CKMB in 19 patients with AMI, 17 non — AMI patients and 26 normal persons. It was found that both peak times in patients with AMI and non —AMI patients were similar but the peak values were different. At peak values, the F value of CKMB (5. 3) was much lower than that of CKMB protein concentration (50.1). We are led to conclude that the measurement of CKMB protein level can identify AMI much earlier than that of CKMB activity.

The purpose of this investigation was to assess the biodistribution of^99mTc-[V]-DMSA in human being, and its diagnostic value in patients with head and neck tumours. 20 patients with histologically confirmed head and neck tumours were examined with planar as well as SPECT scintigraphy. Whole body scintigraphy in different time after injection of^99mTc-[V]-DM-SA was performed to assess the major sequential organ biodistribution. Our results showed that the blood clearance of^99mTc-[V]-DMSA was bi-exponential. All organs except kidneys showed a relatively rapid elimination of^99mTc-[V]-DMSA. The kidneys showed a increasing accumulation in the first 2 h, which is probably due to the tubular reabsorption of^99mTc-[V]-DMSA. In 15 of 20 patients, 19 lesions could be proven by means of planar scintigraphy (corresponding sensitivity of 75 %). 29 lesions in 18 patients could however be detected by the application of SPECT (corresponding sensitivity of 90 %). Except primary tumours and local lymphadenmetastases in 5 patients distant metastases (3 thorax wall, 1 liver and 1 inguinal/paravesicle) were found. Altogether a sensitivity of 76. 9 % and a specificity of 71. 4 % were calculated for the detection of primary tumour. The sensitivity and specificity for the exploration of lymphadenmetastases were 75 % and 100%. In conclusion, this study shows that^99m Tc-[V]-DMSA, particularly with SPECT imaging, is useful in localising the primary tumours and lymphadenmetastases as well as distant metastases of head and neck tumours. The possible therapeutic application of 188/l86Re-[V]-DMSA is also evaluated.

The free flow of skeletonized ITA grafts was compared with that of pedicled ITA grafts. One hundred patients with coronary artery diseases underwent elective CABG. In the group I (n = 50), the left ITA was dissected using the skeletonization technique. In the group I (n = 50), the ITA was harvested as a pedicled graft. Free flow of the ITA was recorded before and 15 min after intraluminal application of diluted papaverine. Mean arterial pressure was maintained at 9. 31 kPa (70 mmHg). The results showed that before the application of papaverine, free flow of skeletonized and pedicled ITA grafts was identical between the two groups. After treatment with papaverine, the maximum free flow was significantly higher in the skeletonized ITA’s in the group I (199. 3 ± 69. 6 ml/min) than in the group I (145. 7 ± 70. 3 ml/min,P < 0. 05). There was on significant difference between the free flow after dilatation of the left and right ITA in the group I (left 199. 3 ± 69. 6 ml/min, right 198. 9 ± 61. 8 ml/min, respectively). It was concluded that preparation of the ITA with the skeletonization technique resulted in significantly higher free flow capacity than in pedicled grafts and would improve the results of arterial revascularization. The complication rate seems to be lower than with the conventional method.

In order to elucidate the mechanisms of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bladder cancer, the expression of glutathione S-transferase-π (GST-π) and multidrug resistance associated protein (MRP) in tissue samples resected from 44 patients and 6 normal bladder mucosa as control was detected by using immunohistochemical method, and the results were analyzed by computer-assisted image analyzing system (IAS) to achieve semi-quantitative data. In addition, correlation between the expression of both factors was studied. The results showed that the positive expression rate of GST-π and MRP in bladder cancer was 72. 7 % (32/44) and 68. 2 % (30/44) respectively, significantly higher than those in normal bladder mucosa, being 16. 7 % and 33. 3 % respectively. The rate of GST-π positive staining was increased correspondingly with tumor grade and stage elevated, being higher in recurrent tumors treated by chemotherapy, but not significantly (P > 0. 05). There was no significant differences between the expression of MRP and tumors’ behaviors and clinical characters. However, the results demonstrated that the correlation between the expression of both resistant factors was very evident (r = 0. 695,P < 0. 0025). It was suggested that the activation of GST-π and MRP might occur during malignant transformation of normal mucosa, but tumors’ differentiation and progression could not be the unique factors that influenced both overexpression. Chemotherapy might be another important reason. The correlation of both indicated that there was a common mechanism regulating their expression probably, which made them play a pivotal role in chemotherapy drug resistance of bladder cancers.

The clinical data of 30 patients with GSC after partial gastrectomy for benign gastric diseases were analyzed retrospectively. Eleven cases accepted radical resection. 11 cases palliative resection and the remaining 8 underwent exploratory laparotomy. It was emphasized that the detection of stump cancer at a relatively early stage, mainly due to screening programmes for gastrectomised patients, was important in improving its prognosis.

From March 1997 to November 1999, 45 patients with lung cancer were treated by a stereotactic radiotherapy, with 15 cases treated by a stereotactic radiotherapy alone, and 30 cases by the external radiotherapy plus stereotactic radiotherapy. The clinical target volume was 1. 89–187. 26 cm³ with the median being 18. 17 cm³. The doses of plan target volume (PTV) edge was 16–30 Gy/2–3 times and the doses of center was 120 % to 150 % of PTV edge doses. The overall response rate was 84. 4 % (38/45), with 11 complete response (CR) and 27 partial response (PR). This study confirmed that the stereotactic radiotherapy is a safe and effective therapy for lung cancer. For those early-stage patients who can tolerate neither operation nor even conventional radiotherapy for various reasons, it can both achieve therapeutic purpose and improve quality of life.

To investigate the role of transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) in mice with hepatic fibrosis caused bySchistosomiasis Japonica, ELISA, VG staining and multimedia color hieroglyph quantitative analysis were used to study the change of the serum TGF-β₁, liver collagen fiber and reticular fiber in mice. The level of serum TGF-β₁ in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group (P < 0. 01 orP < 0. 05) 8, 10, 12 weeks after infected by schistosomiasis. After infection, the level of liver collagen fiber and reticular fiber, and that of TGF -β₁ increased over time (P < 0. 01 orP < 0. 05). In mice infected bySchistosomiasis Japonica, the level of TGF-β₁ increased with prolongation of infection time, and with the increase of liver collagen fiber and reticular fiber. TGFβ₁ plays an important role of immunomodulation in hepatic fibrosis formation caused bySchistosomiasis Japonica.

Using DPH fluorescence probe, the membrane of normal bone marrow cells with infection of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (EHFV) was labeled. The membrane lipid fluidity was obviously decreased from the membrane lipid fluorescence polarization. The membrane lipid fluidity of lymphocyte, monocyte and neutrophilic granulocyte was dynamically observed. After culturing the cells for 1, 6, 24 and 72 h, it was found that all the membrane lipid fluidity of the infected cells was decreased obviously with the longer the culturing time, the more obvious it. Compared with the normal control groups, there was a significant difference statistically (P < 0. 05–0. 01). It was suggested that the decrease of the membrane lipid fluidity of normal bone marrow cell with infection of EHFV had correlation with the degree of virus invading and cellfunction injury.

In order to rapidly diagnose and differentiate tuberculosis from other bacterial infections, a 16S rRNA gene (16s rDNA)-directed multiplex PCR system was developed. In this system, a pair of universal primers and a tubercle bacillus (Tb)-specific primer were designed based on highly conserved regions and Tb species-specific variable region of bacterial 16s rDNA. A 360bp fragment was detected in all bacteria tested, and a 210bp fragment was found only in Tb. 19 species of known bacteria including Tb were used for evaluating specificity, universality and sensitivity of the PCR. Candida albicans and human diploid cell served as controls. It was found that both 210bp and 360bp fragments were amplified only in Tb, and only 360 bp fragment was detected in other 18 species of general bacteria. Candida albicans and human cells were negative for both 360bp and 210bp fragments. The lowest detectable level of the PCR was 10 fg of DNA forEscherichia coli and 100 fg of DNA for Tb. The results indicated that this multiplex PCR system for the simultaneous detection of Tb and other common bacteria had higher specificity and sensitivity, as well as good universality and might be useful to rapidly diagnose bacterial infections and effectively distinguish tuberculosis from other bacterial involvement.

A new model of rats with Xueyu Syndrome which was characterized by erythrocyte injury was presented. Observation of morphology and functions of erythrocytes showed that this model could not only be used as a model in Xueyu Syndrome and Huoxuequyu treatment study, but also be used for screening of drugs with the effect of preventing and treating damage of red blood cells.

The levels of plasma homocysteine were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatographic method. It was found that plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the patients with stroke than that in the controls. There was no correlation between plasma homocysteine levels and hypertension, smoking, concentrations of blood glucose or hypertriglyceridesemia. It was suggested that hyperhomocysteinemia may be an independent risk factor for acute cerebral vascular disease.

The inflammatory process associated with Crohn’s disease often makes dissection difficult, even in open surgery. The aim of this study was to assess the technical feasibility, safety and indication of laparoscopic assisted procedures performed in patients with Crohn’s disease. Records of patients undergoing surgical operation for Crohn’s disease from 1993 to 1998 at our hospital were reviewed. Intestinal resection was performed laparoscopically in 24 patients (LAP) and by open technique in 23 patients (OPEN). No significant differences existed as to age, gender, body-mass-index and previous surgery. In the laparoscopic group, seven operations (CON) were converted to open laparotomy (29 %) because of large inflammatory mass and/or fistula. The mean intraoperative blood loss was significantly higher in CON- and OPEN-groups than in LAP-group (P < 0. 01). Major complications occurred only in one patient who underwent laparoscopic assisted high anterior resection. Patients who underwent laparoscopic operation tolerated p. o. liquids sooner than patients who underwent open surgery (median; 2 vs. 5 day,P < 0. 05). Compared with the CON- and OPEN-groups, patients in LAP-group had lower analgesic requirements (median: 3 vs. 6 and 5 day,P < 0. 01). The median postoperative length of stay was significantly shorter in LAP-group than in OPEN-group (median: 11 vs. 14 day,P < 0. 05). Our study showed that LAP is technically feasible for Crohn’s disease. The preoperative correct diagnosis and selection of indications are very important, because the laparoscopic mobilization and resection may be difficult or impossible in patients with large fixed masses, multiple complx fistulas, or recurrent Crohn’sdisease.

To study the expression of heat stress protein 27 (HSP27) and P21 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) tissue, and to evaluate the significance of both HSP27 and P21 in the pathogenesis, development and prognosis of NPC. Indirect immunofluorescence method combined with SABC was applied. Our results showed that (1) the positive rates of HSP27 and P21 expressed in NPC tissue in 36 cases were 88. 9 % and 94. 4 %; (2) while in 10 hyperplastic nasopharyngitis tissues, the positive rate of HSP27 and P21 were both 5; (3) all the 5 normal tissues were negatively stained. It is obvious that a co-expressing tendency of HSP27 and P21 could be identified, and it was associated with the degree of malignancy and the clinical stage of NPC. It is concluded that the positive expression of HSP27 and P21 may have clinical significance in the evaluation of the occurring, development and prognosis of NPC, and in NPC treatment.

To investigate the relationship between inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the early spontaneous abortion.,in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of iNOS in trophoblasts in the early pregnancy with and without spontaneous abortion (group I and groupI). By light microscopy and computer color magic image analysis system (CMIAS), light density (D) and the positive cell number per statistic square (N/S)in situ hybridization were used to analyze the positive cell index, while total positive cells (N) and the positive unit (Pu) were used in immunohistochemistry. Byin situ hybridization, D and N/S in trophoblasts were 0. 35 ± 0. 028, 0. 07 ± 0. 011 respectively in group I and 0. 18 ± 0. 016,0. 015 ± 0. 003 in groupI. In terms of immunohistochemical staining, N and Pu were 0. 058 ± 0. 007, 11. 94 ± 2. 01 in group I and 0. 013 ± 0. 009, 1. 08 ± 0. 35 in groupI in trophoblasts. Significant differences existed between two groups. It is concluded that the higher nitric oxide produced by the higher expression of iNOS in trophoblasts might play an important role in the early spontaneous abortion.

In order to study the role of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in the infra-peritoneal adhesion formation, 23 infertile patients undergoing laparoscopic operation were divided into two groups: experimental group including 12 patients with intra-peritoneal adhesion and control group including 11 patients without intra-peritoneal adhesion. Peritoneal fluid (PF) and peritoneum were collected from these patients during laparoscopic examination. The expression levels of MCP-1 protein and MCP-1 mRNA were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot blot analysis method respectively. It was found that the levels of MCP-1 protein in PF of the patients with peritoneal adhesion were significantly higher than in the control group (0. 44 ± 0. 11 ng/ ml vs 0. 19 ± 0. 09 ng/ml respectively,P < 0. 01). The level of MCP-1 mRNA in the peritoneum of the patients with peritoneal adhesion was significantly higher than in the control group (48. 61 ± 3. 72 vs 19. 87 ± 2. 54 respectively,P < 0. 01). It was suggested that MCP-1 might play a role in the adhesion formation, and chemotactic cytokines expressing in the peritoneal mesothelial cells might be take part in the process.

To investigate the best first-line chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC), the efficacy of three chemotherapy regimens for treatment of the patients with AEOC in our hospital during Jan. 1992- Jan. 1999 was retrospectively analyzed. The therapeutic effects were compared with the supplement of Melphalan + Hexamethylme (PAM + HMM), cisplatin+ adriamycin+cyclophosphamide or isofamide (PAC) or cisplatin+cyclophosphamide or isofamide (PC), Taxol+cisplatin (TP) combined chemotherapy after cytoreductive surgery. The results showed that the overall effective rate of TP was significantly higher than that of PAM + HMM (P < 0. 05); The complete remission rate of TP was significantly higher than that of PAM + HMM and PAC or PC (allP < 0. 05); The 2-year survival rate free of tumor of TP was obviously higher than that of PAM + HMM and PAC or PC(allP < 0. 05). It was concluded that the therapeutic effect of TP regimen in the treatment of AEOC was better than PAM + HMM and PAC or PC and TP regimen could be recommended currently as the preferred first-line one for the treatment of AEOC.

The failure causes of percutaneous implantable port (PIP) for tumor chemotherapy were analyzed and the appropriate preventing measures were put forward. During Feb. 1995 to Feb. 1999, 10 patients with tumor undergoing failure insertion of PIP were retrospectively studied. We placed the PIP in the hepatic artery in 3 patients with liver carcinoma after operation, in the internal iliac artery in 5 patients with colonic or rectal carcinoma after operation and in the left gastric artery in 2 patients with stomach carcinoma after operation. The results showed that in the 10 patients, chemotherapeutic agent effusion around the PIP and local tissue necrosis in 5 cases, infection and abscess formation around the PIP in 3 cases, PIP body rupture in one case and the catheter sliding into the internal iliac artery occurred. It was concluded that taking measures during PIP insertion could prevent the occurrence of complications and is beneficial to the implementation of scheduled chemotherapeutic protocol for the patients.

To evaluate the effect of phototherapeutic keratectomy combined with photoref ractive keratectomy in the treatment of myopia with corneal scars, corneal epithelium was removed with laser plus scraping. Corneal scars were removed with PTK, followed by PRK for myopia. Healon was used to make corneal surface smoother during operation. 30 eyes of 24 cases of myopia with corneal scars were followed up for one year. Mean corrected vision was 0. 51 and myopic degree was -6. 42D ± 4. 26D before operation. After operation, corneal scars of 21 eyes (70. 0 %) were removed in operative zone. The vision of 27 operated eyes (90. 0 %) was equal to or better than best corrected vision. Mean postoperative visual acuity was 0. 72. Corneal surface was smoother and astigmatism was reduced after the surgery. Our study showed that PTK combined with PRK is a safe and effective treatment for myopia with corneal scars.

In order to investigate the therapeutic effects of undercorrection following radial keratotomy (RK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for correction of high myopia by excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), LASIK was performed on 32 eyes of 16 patients undergoing RK 2 years ago and 38 eyes of 20 patients undergoing PRK 1 year ago. The postoperative uncorrected visual was better than or equal to the preoperative spectacle corrected visual acuity in 49 of 70 eyes (70. 00 %) and achieved the best status of refraction in 64 of 70 (91. 43%). The best postoperatively corrected visual in all operated eyes were equal to their preoperative ones respectively or just lost 1 line. No severe complication occurred during and after operation. It was suggested that LASIK was a better method for treatment of undercorrection following RK and PRK.

To study the changes of anorectal motility in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation, anorectal motility was investigated by water-perfused manometric system in 30 patients with chronic idiopathic constipation and 18 healthy subjects. Our results showed that there was no significant difference between the constipation group and the control group in anal sphincteric resting pressure and anal maximal squeezing pressure. The minimum relaxation volume, the rectal defecatory threshold, the rectal maximal tolerable volume and the rectal compliance in the patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P < 0. 01 orP < 0. 05). It is concluded that patients with chronic idiopathic constipation have anorectal motility disturbances.