Catalytic Reduction of CO₂ to CO via Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction: Recent Advances in the Design of Active and Selective Supported Metal Catalysts

Abstract

The catalytic conversion of CO₂ to CO via a reverse water gas shift (RWGS) reaction followed by well-established synthesis gas conversion technologies may provide a potential approach to convert CO₂ to valuable chemicals and fuels. However, this reaction is mildly endothermic and competed by a strongly exothermic CO₂ methanation reaction at low temperatures. Therefore, the improvement in the low-temperature activities and selectivity of the RWGS reaction is a key challenge for catalyst designs. We reviewed recent advances in the design strategies of supported metal catalysts for enhancing the activity of CO₂ conversion and its selectivity to CO. These strategies include varying support, tuning metal–support interactions, adding reducible transition metal oxide promoters, forming bimetallic alloys, adding alkali metals, and enveloping metal particles. These advances suggest that enhancing CO₂ adsorption and facilitating CO desorption are key factors to enhance CO₂ conversion and CO selectivity. This short review may provide insights into future RWGS catalyst designs and optimization.

Keywords

Carbon dioxide / Reverse water gas shift reaction / Methanation / Supported metal catalyst / Mechanism

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