To address the scientific challenges in laboratory shock testing of large-inertia and large-scale marine structural components, particularly those used in deep-sea naval environments, a pneumatic-hydraulic shock testing apparatus (PHSTA) has been developed. In contrast to conventional drop-weight, pendulum, or explosion-based shock simulators that rely on localized collisions or rigid impacts, the proposed PHSTA employs a pneumatic-hydraulic spring mechanism to provide controllable, repeatable, and tunable shock responses. A comprehensive theoretical framework was developed, including dynamic modeling of the PHSTA, energy storage analysis, and closed-form expressions for equivalent stiffness and acceleration characteristics. The effects of gas precharge pressures p_0 and loading pressures \mathrm{\Delta }p on the stored energy E, shock acceleration, and the system’s dynamic characteristics—in particular the natural frequency and damping ratio—were quantitatively analyzed using AMESim. Experimental validation was conducted on a prototype PHSTA, and the measured shock responses demonstrated the validity of the proposed model, showing good agreement with both the theoretical analysis and simulation results. At p_0=10 MPa, the peak acceleration increased by 24.7% compared to p_0=13 MPa, closely matching the simulated result of 23.3%. The developed PHSTA offers a novel approach for simulating marine shock environments under laboratory conditions and provides a robust platform for evaluating the shock resistance of offshore and naval structural components.

This research enhances the precision and efficacy of abrasive waterjet machining (AWJM) of S275 carbon steel. To this end, a precise predictive framework has been developed using artificial neural networks (ANNs) and response surface models (RSMs). By employing an innovative Vectorized Macrographic Analysis, the cutting geometries are accurately mapped and the correlation between width at various depths and energy dissipation is established. The fit accuracy of the ANN is 99%, while that of the RSM is 90%. Furthermore, a minimum cutting energy threshold of 52.20 kJ/m² has been identified, which represents the optimal efficiency threshold. These developments highlight ANN’s ability to model complex AWJM interactions, improving machining precision and adaptability.

Thanks to the high quantum efficiency, large migration lifetime, excellent X-ray absorption capability, and ease of crystal growth, perovskite scintillators have received widespread attention in recent years and have become highly competitive X-ray detection scintillators. Compared with traditional inorganic scintillators, the tunable structure and diverse chemical composition of perovskite scintillators are unique advantages in optimizing their scintillation performance. Fully understanding the relationship between scintillation characteristics with structure and chemical composition of perovskite scintillators is the key to achieve high-sensitivity detection and high-resolution imaging. The latest progress and future prospect of key performance indicators such as light yield and spatial resolution in perovskite X-ray indirect detection and imaging are reviewed herein. First, the basic principles of X-ray indirect detection and the key performance parameters of X-ray indirect detectors are discussed. Then, the methods to improve the light yield of perovskite scintillators are discussed from the aspects of the characteristics of perovskite materials themselves, the introduction of ion doping to adjust the perovskite structure, and the improvement of scintillation preparation processes. We further discuss how to suppress fluorescence crosstalk to improve the spatial resolution of X-ray imaging from the aspects of material size, scintillation preparation process, and scintillation structure. Finally, we emphasize the challenges that current perovskite scintillators still face and provide prospects for their future development.