The prime graph of a finite group G, which is denoted by GK(G), is a simple graph whose vertex set is comprised of the prime divisors of |G| and two distinct prime divisors p and q are joined by an edge if and only if there exists an element of order pq in G. Let p1<p2<
We prove that if u is a weak solution of the d dimensional fractional Navier-Stokes equations for some initial data u0and if u belongs to path space
A graph is said to be claw-free if it does not contain an induced subgraph isomorphic to K1,3. Let
We consider the congruence x 1 + x 2 +
Let A be a commutative ring. For any set
Submanifolds in space forms satisfy the well-known DDVV inequality. A submanifold attaining equality in this inequality pointwise is called a Wintgen ideal submanifold. As conformal invariant objects, Wintgen ideal submanifolds are investigated in this paper using the framework of M?bius geometry. We classify Wintgen ideal submanfiolds of dimension
Let £ be the sub-Laplacian on a stratified Lie group G, and let m be a function defined on [0,+
This paper discusses the correlation structure between London Interbank Offered Rates (LIBOR) by using the copula function. We start from one simplified model of A. Brace, D. Gatarek, and M. Musiela (1997) and find out that the copula function between two LIBOR rates can be expressed as a sum of an infinite series, where the main term is a distribution function with Gaussian copula. Partial differential equation method is used for deriving the copula expansion. Numerical results show that the copula of the LIBOR rates and Gaussian copula are very close in the central region and differ in the tail, and the Gaussian copula approximation to the copula function between the LIBOR rates provides satisfying results in the normal situation.
We find a class of Lie algebras, which are defined from the symmetrizable generalized intersection matrices. However, such algebras are different from generalized intersection matrix algebras and intersection matrix algebras. Moreover, such Lie algebras generated by semi-positive definite matrices can be classified by the modified Dynkin diagrams.
The necessary and sufficient conditions for the small norm perturbation of a Drazin invertible operator to be still Drazin invertible and the sufficient conditions for the finite rank perturbation of a Drazin invertible operator to be still Drazin invertible are established.
Both the circulant graph and the generalized Petersen graph are important types of graphs in graph theory. In this paper, the structures of embeddings of circulant graph C(2n + 1; {1, n}) on the projective plane are described, the number of embeddings of C(2n + 1; {1, n}) on the projective plane follows, then the number of embeddings of the generalized Petersen graph P(2n +1, n) on the projective plane is deduced from that of C(2n +1; {1, n}), because C(2n + 1;{1, n}) is a minor of P(2n + 1, n), their structures of embeddings have relations. In the same way, the number of embeddings of the generalized Petersen graph P(2n, 2) on the projective plane is also obtained.
We develop two parallel algorithms progressively based on C++ to compute a triangle operator problem, which plays an important role in the study of Schubert calculus. We also analyse the computational complexity of each algorithm by using combinatorial quantities, such as the Catalan number, the Motzkin number, and the central binomial coefficients. The accuracy and efficiency of our algorithms have been justified by numerical experiments.