Enhanced electrochemical performance of CoNiS_x@Ti₃C₂T_x electrode material through in-situ doping of cobalt element

Abstract

The composite electrode of CoNiS_x and Ti₃C₂T_x MXene was successfully prepared using a one-step hydrothermal method under the in-situ doping of the cobalt element. The effects of in-situ doping of the cobalt element on the micromorphology and electrochemical performance of the electrodes were investigated. After in-situ doping of the cobalt element, NiS with a needle-like structure was converted into a CoNiS_x with petal-like structure. The petal-like CoNiS_x with a rough surface was very dense and evenly wrapped on the surface and interlamination of Ti₃C₂T_x, which helped increase the specific surface area and pore volume of the electrode. Under the identical test conditions, CoNiS_x@Ti₃C₂T_x had a higher specific capacitance and capacitance retention than NiS@Ti₃C₂T_x. This result indicated that the in-situ doping of the cobalt element promoted the electrochemical performance of the electrode. The energy density of the CoNiS_x@Ti₃C₂T_x/nickel foam (NF)//activated carbon (AC)/NF asymmetric supercapacitor device was 59.20 Wh·kg^–1 at a power density of 826.73 W·kg^–1, which was much higher than that of NiS@Ti₃C₂T_x/NF//AC/NF. Three CoNiS_x@Ti₃C₂T_x/NF//AC/NF in series were able to illuminate the light emitting diode lamp for about 10 min, which was higher than the 5 min of three NiS@Ti₃C₂T_x/NF//AC/NF in series under the same condition. The CoNiS_x@Ti₃C₂T_x/NF//AC/NF with high energy density had better application potential in energy storage than the NiS@Ti₃C₂T_x/NF//AC/NF.

Key words： MXene; supercapacitor; cobalt doping; structure characterization; electrochemical performance

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Scientific Research Funds of Huaqiao University (Grant No. 605-50Y17073), Xiamen, China.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-023-2333-9 and is accessible for authorized users.

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