A review of research progress on continuous cropping obstacles

Highlights

● Continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) cause, on average, 22% reduction in crop production, seriously threatening sustainable agricultural development.

● Changes in the soil ecological environment are an essential and easily overlooked cause of CCOs.

● Studying CCOs from the perspective of the soil microbial food web may provide new approaches for explaining the formation mechanism of CCOs and controlling soilborne pathogens.

● Not all continuous cropping systems have CCOs, and some systems may enrich beneficial microorganisms to form healthy and disease-suppressive soil.

Abstract

Due to the increasing global population and limited land resources, continuous cropping has become common. However, after a few years of continuous cropping, obstacles often arise that cause soil degeneration, decreased crop yield and quality, and increased disease incidence, resulting in significant economic losses. It is essential to understand the causes and mitigation mechanisms of continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) and then develop appropriate methods to overcome them. This review systematically summarizes the causes and mitigation measures of soil degradation in continuous cropping through a meta-analysis. It was concluded that not all continuous cropping systems are prone to CCOs. Therefore, it is necessary to grasp the principles governing the occurrence of diseases caused by soilborne pathogens in different cropping systems, consider plant–soil-organisms interactions as a system, scientifically regulate the physical and chemical properties of soils from a systems perspective, and then regulate the structure of microbial food webs in the soil to achieve a reduction in diseases caused by soilborne pathogens and increase crop yield ultimately. This review provides reference data and guidance for addressing this fundamental problem.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Continuous cropping obstacles / rhizosphere regulation / soil microecological environment

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Supplementary materials

The online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2024543 contains supplementary materials (Figs. S1–S2).

Acknowledgements

This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1901500, 2022YFD1901501, and 2023YFD1700203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32372810 and 32102469), the Science and Technology Major Project of Yunnan Province of China (202102AE090053), and the Science and Technology Training Program (202305AF150055).

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Kunguang Wang, Qiaofang Lu, Zhechao Dou, Zhiguang Chi, Dongming Cui, Jing Ma, Guowei Wang, Jialing Kuang, Nanqi Wang, and Yuanmei Zuo declare that they have no conflicts of interest or financial conflicts to disclose. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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The Author(s) 2024. Published by Higher Education Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)