FULL TIME-SPACE GOVERNANCE STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY FOR CROPLAND NON-POINT POLLUTION CONTROL IN CHINA

Highlights

● Full time-space governance strategy for AGNPS pollution was proposed.

● The 4R chain technology system including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration was reviewed.

● The strategy and 4R technology system was successfully applied for AGNPS pollution control at administrative village scale.

● Future challenge include the monitoring system, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment, governance standards and supportive policies.

Abstract

Ensuring food safety while reducing agricultural non-point source pollution is quite challenging, especially in developing and underdeveloped countries. Effective systematic strategies and comprehensive technologies need to be developed for agricultural non-point source pollution control at the watershed scale to improve surface water quality. In this review, a proposal is made for a full time-space governance strategy that prioritizes source management followed by endpoint water pollution control. The 4R chain technology system is specifically reviewed, including source reduction, process retention, nutrient reuse and water restoration. The 4R chain technology system with the full time-space governance strategy was applied at the scale of an administrative village and proved to be a feasible solution for reducing agricultural non-point source pollution in China. In the future, a monitoring system needs to be established to trace N and P transport. Additionally, new smart fertilizer and intelligent equipment need to be developed, and relevant governance standards and supportive policies need to be set to enhance the efficacy of agricultural non-point source pollution control.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

4R chain technology system / agricultural non-point source pollution / case study / full time-space governance strategy

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Supplementary materials

The online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.15302/J-FASE-2023522 contains supplementary materials (Figs. S1–S2; Tables S1).

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFD1700803), and Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund, China (CX(19)1007).

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Lihong Xue, Jingjing Duan, Pengfu Hou, Shiying He, Yingliang Yu, Yanfang Feng, Fuxing Liu, and Linzhang Yang declare that they have no conflicts of interest or financial conflicts to disclose. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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