THE ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHETIC REGULATOR MDMYB1 POSITIVELY REGULATES ASCORBIC ACID BIOSYNTHESIS IN APPLE

Highlights

• The contents of anthocyanin and AsA in red-flesh apples are higher than that in non-red-flesh apples.

• The anthocyanin biosynthetic regulator MdMYB1 directly activates the expression of dehydroascorbate reductase gene MdDHAR, thus promoting the activity of the DHAR enzyme and the accumulation of AsA.

• MdMYB1-MdDHAR module may play a key role in AsA-DHA homeostasis.

Abstract

Ascorbic acid (AsA, vitamin C) is involved in the regulation of many aspects of plant growth and development. It is an essential micronutrient for humans and can prevent scurvy, maintain the health of gums and blood vessels, reduce the level of plasma cholesterol and enhance the immune systen. Apple cultivars Orin and Guanghui were crossed to obtain a group of hybrid offspring with and without red flesh in the course of assessing apple germplasm resources. Unexpectedly, the red-flesh apples had higher AsA contents than other apples. Further studies showed that the anthocyanin biosynthetic regulator MdMYB1 directly activates the expression of dehydroascorbate reductase gene MdDHAR, thus promoting the activity of the DHAR enzyme and the accumulation of AsA. This finding reveals the mechanism leading to high AsA levels in red-flesh apples and suggests a new idea to cultivate red-flesh apples with high AsA contents and produce AsA efficiently and without pollution.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

anthocyanin / apples / ascorbic acid / MdMYB1 / vitamin C

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Acknowledgements

This work was funded by grants from the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province (2019LZGC007), Fruit quality improvement of Yunnan Province (2019ZG002), and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2019PC004).

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Jianping An, Xiaofei Wang, Chunxiang You, and Yujin Hao declare that they have no conflicts of interest or financial conflicts to disclose. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

The Author(s) 2020. Published by Higher Education Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)