Sustainable intensification of agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: first things first

References

[1] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ( FAO). The future of food and agriculture—alternative pathways to 2050. Rome: FAO, 2018

[2] van Ittersum M K, van Bussel L G J, Wolf J, Grassini P, van Wart J, Guilpart N, Claessens L, de Groot H, Wiebe K, Mason-D’Croz D, Yang H, Boogaard H, van Oort P A, van Loon M P, Saito K, Adimo O, Adjei-Nsiah S, Agali A, Bala A, Chikowo R, Kaizzi K, Kouressy M, Makoi J H, Ouattara K, Tesfaye K, Cassman K G. Can sub-Saharan Africa feed itself? Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113(52): 14964–14969

[3] Ten Berge H F M, Hijbeek R, van Loon M, Rurinda J, Tesfaye K, Zingore S, Craufurd P, van Heerwaarden J, Brentrup F, Schröder J J, Boogaard H L, de Groot H LE, van Ittersum M K. Maize crop nutrient input requirements for food security in sub-Saharan Africa. Global Food Security, 2019, 23: 9–21

[4] Barrett C B, Christian P, Shimeles A. The processes of structural transformation of African agriculture and rural spaces. World Development, 2018, 105: 283–285

[5] Senbet L W, Simbanegavi W. Agriculture and structural transformation in Africa: an overview. Journal of African Economies, 2017, 26(suppl_1): i3–i10

[6] Sheahan M, Barrett C B. Ten striking facts about agricultural input use in Sub-Saharan Africa. Food Policy, 2017, 67: 12–25

[7] The Montpellier Panel. Sustainable intensification: a new paradigm for African agriculture. London: Imperial College, 2013

[8] Garnett T, Appleby M C, Balmford A, Bateman I J, Benton T G, Bloomer P, Burlingame B, Dawkins M, Dolan L, Fraser D, Herrero M, Hoffmann I, Smith P, Thornton P K, Toulmin C, Vermeulen S J, Godfray H C J. Sustainable intensification in agriculture: premises and policies. Science, 2013, 341(6141): 33–34

[9] Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Leffelaar P A, Shepherd K D, Giller K E. Exploring diversity in soil fertility management of smallholder farms in western Kenya: II. Within-farm variability in resource allocation, nutrient flows and soil fertility status. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2005, 110(3): 166–184

[10] Vanlauwe B, Coyne D, Gockowski J, Hauser S, Huising J, Masso C, Nziguheba G, Schut M, van Asten P. Sustainable intensification and the African smallholder farmer. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2014, 8: 15–22

[11] Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Save and Grow: A policymaker's guide to the sustainable intensification of smallholder crop production . Rome: FAO, 2011

[12] Vanlauwe B, AbdelGadir A H, Adewopo J, Adjei-Nsiah S, Ampadu-Boakye T, Asare R, Baijukya F, Baars E, Bekunda M, Coyne D, Dianda M, Dontsop-Nguezet P M, Ebanyat P, Hauser S, Huising J, Jalloh A, Jassogne L, Kamai N, Kamara A, Kanampiu F, Kehbila A, Kintche K, Kreye C, Larbi A, Masso C, Matungulu P, Mohammed I, Nabahungu L, Nielsen F, Nziguheba G, Pypers P, Roobroeck D, Schut M, Taulya G, Thuita M, Uzokwe V N E, van Asten P, Wairegi L, Yemefack M, Mutsaers H J W. Looking back and moving forward: 50 years of soil and soil fertility management research in sub-Saharan Africa. International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 2017, 15(6): 613–631

[13] Vanlauwe B, Bationo A, Chianu J, Giller K E, Merckx R, Mokwunye U, Ohiokpehai O, Pypers P, Tabo R, Shepherd K D, Smaling E M A, Woomer P L, Sanginga N. Integrated soil fertility management: operational definition and consequences for implementation and dissemination. Outlook on Agriculture, 2010, 39(1): 17–24

[14] Roobroeck D, van Asten P, Jama B, . Integrated Soil Fertility Management: contributions of framework and practices to climate-smart agriculture. Climate-Smart Agriculture Practice Brief. Copenhagen, Denmark: Agriculture & Food Security, 2015

[15] Jayne T S, Mason N M, Burke W J, Ariga J. Review: taking stock of Africa’s second-generation agricultural input subsidy programs. Food Policy, 2018, 75: 1–14

[16] Vanlauwe B, Wendt J, Giller K E, Corbeels M, Gerard B, Nolte C. A fourth principle is required to define conservation agriculture in sub-Saharan Africa: the appropriate use of fertilizer to enhance crop productivity. Field Crops Research, 2014, 155: 10–13

[17] Tittonell P, Vanlauwe B, Leffelaar P A, Rowe E C, Giller K E. Exploring diversity in soil fertility management of smallholder farms in western Kenya. I. Heterogeneity at region and farm scale. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2005, 110(3–4): 149–165

[18] Department for International Development (DFID). DFID’s Conceptual Framework on Agriculture. London: DFID, 2015

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Bernard Vanlauwe and Achim Dobermann declare that they have no conflicts of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

The Author(s) 2020. Published by Higher Education Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)