Effect of UAV prewetting application during the flowering period of cotton on pesticide droplet deposition

Abstract

Prewetting process can reduce the contact angle between the droplet and the leaf blade, so that the droplet can more easily wet and spread, thereby increasing the quantity of deposition. To improve the effectiveness of pesticides on cotton leaves, prewetting by single-rotor electric unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) was studied, focusing on the effects of pesticide deposition on cotton leaves during the flowering period. Cotton leaves in 0°–30°, 30°–60°, 60°–90° leaf blade angle ranges (angle between the leaf blade and the horizontal plane) were examined. In the first experiment, four different prewetting volumes (0, 1.6, 3.2 and 4.8 L) were sprayed by a single-rotor electric UAV on four cotton plots (plots A–D) each with an area of 120 m², and then each area was sprayed with a 0.8% (w/v) ponceau 2R solution by another single-rotor electric UAV. The results revealed that with no prewetting, droplet deposition quantity decreased with increasing leaf blade inclination. After prewetting, the mean droplet deposition quantity on plots B, C and D increased by 39.8%, 9.7% and 24.9%, respectively. The prewetting rate of 1.6 L per 120 m² had the most significant effect on improving the deposition of droplets. It was also found that the mean droplet deposition quantity in each leaf blade angle range increased after prewetting. For the leaf blade angle range 60°–90°, this increase was the most pronounced, with 0.043, 0.062, 0.057 and 0.048 mL·cm⁻² in plots A–D, respectively. Also, droplet deposition uniformity in the leaf blade angle range 60°–90° was better after prewetting. These results should provide a valuable reference for future research and practice to improve the effectiveness of pesticides applied to cotton by aerial applications.

Keywords

aerial spray / cotton / deposition / flowering period / leaf angle / prewetting / UAV

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Acknowledgements

We are sincerely thankful for the financial support given by the National Key Technologies Research and Development Program (2016YFD0200700). We also thank the National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticides Spraying Technology and Shihezi University for the dedicated participation their staff in the experiment (Sheng Wen, Jiyu Li, Xia Zhang, Wei Fu, Tianzhu Duan, Xingzuo Sun, Hong Cheng, and Junsheng Ren). The High Technology New Farming Co., Ltd is thanked for its strong support.

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Weixiang Yao, Xianju Wang, Yubin Lan, and Ji Jin declare that they have no conflicts of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

The Author(s) 2018. Published by Higher Education Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)