The membrane conductance and reversal potential were estimated for neurones in toad dorsal root ganglia with intracellular recording technique during depolarization or hyperpolarization induced by noradrenaline (NA). The effects of blocking agents for potassium or calcium ion current on NA-induced membrane potential responses were observed as well.

The NA depolarization was accompanied by a 32.6% decrease of membrane conductance. In a few neurones, the membrane conductance showed an initial increase and a following decrease. The NA hyperpolarization was associated with an increase of membrane conductance by 16.2%. The mean reversal potential of NA depolarization was -88.5 ± 0.9mV. The NA hyperpolarization responses were nullified at -89 to -92 mV of membrane potential. TEA superfusion enhanced NA depolarization amplitude by 73.7 ± 11.9% and depressed NA hyperpolarization amplitude by 40.5%. CsCl (intracelluar injection) increased phenylephrine depolarization by 34.5 %. MnCl₂ superfusion decreased the amplitudes of NA depolarization by 50.5 ± 9.9%, and of NA hyperpolarizalion by 89.5±4.9% respectively. The results suggest that depolarization or hyperpolarization induced by NA might be mediated by the alteration of K or Ca channels.

Tetrandrine (Tet) 0.32 mmol/1 and verapamil (Ver) 30 μmol/1 inversed positive staircase phenomenon of contraction in left alrium of guinea pig. After the preparation was partially depolarized with K₊ 20 mmol/1, such effect of Tet and Ver became much more pronounced. Propranolol could not inverse the positive staircase phenomenon. In addition, after treatment with Tet 0.32 mmol/1 for 20 min the post -rest potentiation of myocardial contraction in the left atrium was depressed by 2.8±0.3 g (P<0.01). The results suggest that the negative inotropism of Tet is related not only to the inhibition of Ca⁺⁺ influx to the cells, but also to the decrease of the intracellular Ca⁺⁺ release.

This paper presents a report on the formation of cholesterol gall stones in vitro. The first batch of artificial stones was produced in July, 1983. In a series of 60 experiments, 48 were successful with a rate of success of 80%. The shape, constituents and microscopic structure of these stones were found to be similar to those of the stones found in patients.

Mucoprotein beads were found in the model bile throughout the experiments, and network structures were formed as a result of the aggregation of these mucoprotein beads. The experiments demonstrated clearly the formation of the stones. The change in the bile constituents brings along the materials needed, but these are not the only cause for the formal ion of stones. What actually causes these materials to form stones is the action produced by intermittent jets of bile bursting into the gall bladder. Eddy currents are formed by these jets, and the negative pressure at the center of these currents causes the stone-forming materials to move centripetally, thereby accumulating and forming gall stones.

The effect of insulin on the production and action of interleukin 1 (IL-1) was investigated in this study. After being treated with nylon wool to remove adherent cells, the thymocytes showed only a weak response to Con A in the abscence of exogenous IL-1, and this response could not be influenced by insulin. Insulin was able to significantly enhance the response of thymocytes to Con A if the thymocytes were not pre-treated with nylon wool, and it was able to significantly enhance the response of the thymocytes treated with nylon wool to Con A in the presence of exogenous IL-1. It has been demonstrated that insulin could augment the production of IL-1 by macrophages stimulated by LPS. These results suggest that the regulating action of insulin on T cell activation is associated with macrophages or IL-1, and insulin might exert a regulating role on other reactions mediated by IL-1. Furthermore, our results demonstrated that the action of active insulin could be weakened by the presence of inactive insulin.

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (pANP) levels were measured in 60 patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and 69 healthy subjects. Another 29 cardiopathic patients without any sign of CHF also underwent hemodynamic and pANP determination simultaneously. The results showed that the majority of patients with CHF had an elevation of pANP level, but a few patients with serious clinical condition showed lower pANP levels than the controls. pANP levels fell remarkably with the improvement of clinical stale after treatment. A correlation was observed between pANP and right atrial pressure or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. The mechanisms and clinical significance of changes in pANP in CHF were discussed.

36 patients with leukemia, including AML, CML and ALL were studied. Fibroblast colony forming cells (CFU-F) in patients with different types of leukemia were less than in normal adults (P<0.05-0.001). There was no correlation observed between CFU-F and CFU-Mix/L-CFU in normal adults and leukemic patients (P>0.05). It was found that CFU-F is a single clone not, originating from hemopoietic cells. After fetal muscular conditioned media were added, we observed that myelogenous leukemic cells showed the ability to adhere to the bottom of the dish, indicating the existence of quantitative and qualitative defects of CFU-F in leukemia. The mechanism and clinical significance of this phenomenon are discussed.

The beneficial effects of TRH i.v. on cardiovascular function in dog hemorrhagic shock were proved in this paper. CI, SVI, RVSVI, BP, and especially LVSVI were significantly improved after administration of TRH. By observing microcirculation in the bulbar conjunctiva it was found that the venules dilated, the velocity of blood flow increased and aggregation of red blood cells decreased. In addition, acidosis during shock was attenuated. The 24 h survival rate was improved and survival time prolonged, but activity of lysosomal enzymes was not significantly changed.

Combination of TRH with dexametharone did not show additional advantages in the treatment of hemorrhagic shock.

43 samples of endometrium from IUD-users with excessive uterine bleeding (MBL>80 ml), normal menstrual blood loss (MBL< 80 ml) and non-IUD-users with normal menstrual blood loss (< 80 ml) have been studied. Concentration of 6-keto-PGF_1α, a metabolite of prostacyclin (PGI₂), was determined by radioimmunoassay. It was found that the concentration of 6-keto-PGF_1α of patients with IUD-induced excessive uterine bleeding was significantly higher than that of IUD-users with MBL less than 80 ml (P<0.05) and of non-IUD-users (P<0.01). But the difference between IUD-users with normal menstruation and the control was of no statistical significance (P>0.05). The results also indicated a positive correlation between the amount of MBL and 6-keto-PGF_1α concentration in endometrium of IUD-users (r = 0.439;P<0.05). The measurements of both tissue plasminogen. activator (t-PA) and 6-keto-PGI_1α concentrations from samples of 28 cases showed a weak positive correlation between t-PA and 6-keto-PGF_1α (r = 0.459;P<0.05). Further study is necessary to evaluate the significance of this result. In summary, our studies prove that the increased 6-keto-PGF_1α is an important factor contributing to excessive uterine bleeding in IUD-users.

In 34 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), some hemorrheologic parameters were measured and pulmonary arterial mean pressure (PAMP) was examined simultaneously. The results suggested that the whole Wood viscosity (high shear rate) and hematocrit were significantly higher in group with cor pulmonale than in group without cor pulmonale; the whole blood viscosity (low and high shear rate) and hematocrit were higher in group with pulmonary hypertension than in group without pulmonary hypertension. In addition, a significant correlation was detected between PAMP and whole blood viscosity (r = 0.4786;P<0.01). As the correlation coefficient was moderate, we suggest that blood viscosity only plays a secondary role in development of pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD.

Changes in infarct size, platelet aggregation, and plasma 6-k-PGF_{1 α} and thromboxane B₂ levels in the coronary sinus and arterial blood were observed in rabbits following acute myocardial infarction with or without trapidil or propranolol treatment. It was found that platelet aggregation, thromboxane B₂ and 6-k-PGF_{1 α} were elevated significantly in the control group 6 h after coronary ligation. These changes were inhibited by trapidil as well as propranolol, either of which could limit infarct size remarkably.

The results of our study show that 25 min are the safe time limit for abdominal aorta clamping in dogs. Beyond this time limit there is a great tendency to produce severe changes in hemodynamics, blood biochemistry and ultrastructure of organs, leading to a series of syndromes, such as, respiratory distress, acute hypertensive cerebral edema, multi-organ microthrombosis — diseased cell — syndrome.

Life table was compiled forCulex pipiens quinquefasciatus Wuhan strain under the controlled insectary conditions of 22±2°C, 81±11% RH and photoperiod 14 h/day. 6 egg-rafts were used in the test. Mean life expectancies of both male and female were 9.9515 ± 1.2924, and 17.4649±2.7674 days respectively, with significant difference (P< 0.001). Net reproductive rate was 84.4325±22.4946, mean generation time 58.6290 ± 13.6670, innate rate of increase 0.0783±0.0256, and finite rate of increase 1.0816 ±0.0167.

Cytological investigation of CSF from 32 cases with leptospiral cerebral arteritis (LCA) was done with optical microscope, among which 6 were examined with SEM simultaneously. The results indicated that the cytological alterations in CSF of these patients were mainly due to a complicated reaction, in which lymphoid cell reaction was predominant. Using SEM, several types of cells with special surface architecture were demonstrated, such as bleb-like cells, uropod-like cells, bleb-uropod-like cells and hybrid-type monocytes. A special type of cells not reported previously was discovered and called crown-like cells by the authors. It is suggested that proliferation of immune competent cells exists in CSF. On the other hand, inflammatory cell reactions were also prominent in CSF, coincidently occurring with increase of immunoglobulin level in CSF in more than half of the patients. Considering the cytological and immunological changes in CSF and the features of the pathological lesion of the arteries involved together,we suggest that the pathogenesis of LCA is correlated with allergy and/or inflammation in CSF after leptospiral infection.

After 8 weeks of administration of gossypol (30 mg/kg/day for 6 days/week) to Wistar rats, the following changes in gonadotropic hormon (GTH) cells were observed by electron microscopic examination: slight to medium enlargement of rough endoplasmic reticulum and more apparent development of Golgi complexes in the cytoplasm. These findings suggested an enhanced secretory function. Moreover, increase of ring-shaped mitochondria, increase of lipid droplets and lysosomes, enlargement of smooth endoplasmic reticula and appearance of intracytoplasmic gaps in Sertoli cells were noted. However, no significant changes could be seen in Leydig cells.