Mast cells in nitrosomorpholine-induced adenoid liver tumors in rats were electronmicroscopically, cytocb, emically and morphometrically examined. All the findings observed sustain the suggestion that the mast cells scattered between the epithelial components of adenoid liver tumors should be mucosa mast cells which wedged into the tubular structures of the tumor as a result of still unknown stimulation or attractive influences of some unidentified factors. The originally closely packed tumor epithelial cells were then divided from each other by the invading mast cells. The present observation revealed that the mast cells may play a certain role in the formation of tumor metastases.

Light and electron microscopic changes of various cells in the hepatic lobules were investigated in CCl₄-induced cirrhosis in rats in order to elucidate the morphogenesis of liver cirrhosis. Large amounts of microvilli were on surfaces of the hepatocytes lining intercellular channels which were formed by splitting of adjacent hepatocytic cords. There were stenosis, obliteration or dilation of sinusoids and formation of basement membrane-like structures beneath sinusoidal endothelial cells, and hepatocytes in the isolated pseudolobules were linked with sinusoids indirectly by the channels. The channels thus formed were considered to be a way of exchanging substances between hepatocytes and blood.

The present study was carried out to investigate electrophysiological properties of neurons of guinea pig celiac ganglia in vitro. The mean value of resting membrane potential was-59.3 ±5.6 mV (n = 29). The mean values of membrane resistance, time constant and membrane capacity were 53.7±19.8mΩ, 18.4±8.5 ms, and 375.9±175.0 pF (n = 24) respectively. When depolarizing electrotonic potentials induced by application of depolarizing current pulses reached the threshold level, all of the neurons could be made to discharge action potentials. The mean values of amplitude, overshoot, duration of the spikes were 68.0±15.3 mV, 11.7 ±4.6mV, and 2.7±0.6ms (n = 29) respectively. 75% of the neurons tested (n = 29) produced tonic (slow adapting) firing in response to depolarizing current lasting 5 s. The remaining neurons (25%) produced phasic (fast adapting) firing. In addition, fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials or orihodromic action potentials were recorded from 80% of the neurons, antidromic action potentials were recorded from ihe remaining neurons during stimulation of the splanchnic nerves.

Diabetes was induced in Wistar male rats by streptozotocin given peritoneally. The control rats received the rame volume of buffer. Twelve days after injection of streptozotocin, the levels of plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and free fatty acid increased significantly as compared with those of the control rats. The plasma very low density lipoprotejn-choleslerol (VLDL-C) of the diabetic rats was twice as much as that of the control rats. No difference in low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoproteincholesterol (HDL-C) was found between the two groups. However, the HDL₃ in diabetic rats increased significantly. These results indicated that the degradation of VLDL was reduced in diabetic rats and concurrently the conversion of HDL3 to HDL₂ was impaired. Therefore, we are led to assume that the accumulation of VLDL remnants and the impairment of reverse transport of tissue cholesterol may facilitate the development of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus.

In this paper, we report our work about the effect of insulin on the expression of interleukin 2 receptor (IL-2R). Our experiments showed that insulin was not T cell growth factor, but was able to augment the expression of IL-2R during T cell activation by PHA and to delay the decline rate of IL-2R⁺ cell. As a result, the percentage of IL-2R⁺ cells significantly increased during and after activation. Furthermore, insulin was capable of enhancing the production of interleukin 1 by macrophage and interleukin 2 by T lymphocyte. Based on these results, we suggest that there are at least two related mechanisms involved in the augmentation of the expression of IL-2R on activated T cells, i.e., direct action of insulin on T cells and indirect action of insulin by enhancing the production of interleukin l.

The aim of this paper is to study the bioavailability of iron from soybean by estimating the rise of Hb in anemic rats, and using ascorbic acid, meat and cysteine as enhancers. When iron bioavailability of ferrous sulfate was taken as 100 %, that of the soybean ranged from 76–78%. On adding such enhancers as ascorbic acid, meat or cysteine to the soybean, the iron bioavailability increased by 102 %, 102% and 95.95 % respectively. There was no statistically significant difference among the three enhancers.

Pulmonary wedge injection of hydrogen peroxide is a new, safe, effective and reliable method for left-sided contrast echocardiography. For examination, Cournand or Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted into the pulmonary wedge position. Normal saline was injected first to clear out blood from the wedge-shaped region, subsequently followed by 0.5–1.5 ml of 3 % hydrogen peroxide, then another injection of normal saline was given to push hydrogen peroxide through the pulmonary capillary network. Out of 64 patients with various heart diseases, after injection of hydrogen peroxide, 57 showed contrast echoes in the left heart system. The success rate of left-sided contrast echocardiography was 89.1%. Some patients with left-to-right shunt showed contrast echoes in the left and right heart systems simultaneously. In Cournand catheter group (24 cases), success rate of left-sided contrast was 83.3% and sensitivity for detecting left-to-right shunt was 23.5%. But in Swan-Ganz catheter group (40 cases), success rate and sensitivity were 92.5% and 94.1% respectively. This means that the method with Swan-Ganz catheter shows higher success rate and better practical value for the diagnosis of acyanotic congenital heart disease. No untoward reactions were noted in any of the patients with the exception of short burst of coughing in 5 cases.

Two cases of anterior spinal artery ischemia syndrome (ASAS) were reported after surgery for the correction of scoliosis in a series of 54 patients and 72 operations. The paraplegia of case 1 was caused by ligation of the segmental vessels. Case 2 developed delayed paraplcgia after correction of kyphoscoliosis including the region from T₄ to T₉. There were definite clinical manifestations indicating the diagnosis of ASAS, Hyperbaric oxygen and vasodilation therapy was effective and the patients gained satisfactory recovery. The authors recommend a modified technique for the anterior route surgery of sparing the segmental vessels and a more conservative planning for the correction of kyphoscoliosis in the region from T₄ to T₉.

Circular distribution was used for statistical analysis of the data collected through a three-year period in county X, Hubei Province, to find out the seasonal characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, epidemic encephalitis B and malaria. The method provided a summary in the detection of the epidemic peak of one or several diseases in different years and was also useful in determining the epidemic time focus of a disease. Therefore, it may serve as a scientific basis for the prevention of certain diseases and an accurate means for the statistical management of the data obtained in seasonal epidemic diseases.

In the study of a tranplanted tumor, Sarcoma 180, the morphological features of the growing microvessels induced by tumor were observed electronmicroscopically at various times of tumor growth. It was found that microvessels in tumors could sprout by intracellular vacuolization or migration of endothelial cells, the former possibly resulting in saccular sprouts and the latter in tapering sprouts.

Autoradiography (ARG) and scanning microspectrophotometry were applied to study the changes of eosinophilic type II estradiol-binding sites in the endometrium of Sprague-Dawley rats with regular 4 -day estrous cycle, after 30 days of bearing a copper intrauterine device (CuIUD; 40.8mm²) in uterus.³H™estradiol™l7β (³H™E₂) labelled eosinophils were mainly distributed in the deep endometrial stroma and varied in quantity with the estrous cycle. In comparison with the contralateral uterine horn, the number of³H-E₂ labelled cells was significantly reduced in the CuIUD-bearing horn at estrus and diestrus The mean density of silver grains in the ARG positive eosinophils in the endometria exposed to CuIUD was decreased at diestrus, as compared with that in contralateral horns, and at proesttus with that in contralateral and control-group horns. The results suggested that the decrease of type II estradiol-binding sites induced by CuIUD may be closely related to the contraceptive action of copper.

The experiments were performed on 53 anesthetized, paralyzed and ventilated rabbits. 1) Microinjectjon of 5 μg angiotensin II (A II) into the fourth ventricle elicited increase of mean arterial pressure and renal nerve discharges, but decrease of heart rate. When the baroreceptor reflex was eliminated before microinjection, the decrease of heart rate no longer occurred. 2) Pretreatment with 1 μg prazosin decreased the pressor effect of A II and eliminated the increase of renal nerve discharges, whereas 3 μg yohimbine produced no effect on the pressor response of A II. 3) Pretreatment with 1 μg prazosin and 10 μ1 arginine-vasopressin antiserum together could abolish the pressor effect of A II. The experimental results suggest that microinjection of A II into the fourth ventricle had central pressor effect, which might be mediated through central α₁-adrenoceptor and central vasopressin.

Intracellular recordings were made on perfused preparation isolated from toad dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Of the 51 neurones examined, 46 were of type A, and the remaining 5 of type C cell. The resting membrane potential of these two types of cells was ™60.06±1.30 mV (

When the preparations were superfused with noradrenaline (NA; 10⁻⁴ ™ 10⁻³M), the changes of Rp were as follows: 1) hyperpolarization, with amplitude of 8.38 ± 1.42mV (

Application of phenylephrine and clonidine induced depolarization and hyperpolarization of membrane potential respectively, while application of prazosin eand yohimbine blocked depolarization and hyperpolarization response induced by NA, respectively.

From the results mentioned above, it may be concluded that depolarization and hyperpolarization induced by NA are mediated by α₁- and α₂-adrenoceptors on the soma of DRG neurones respectively.