To overcome antimalarial drug resistance, carbohydrate derivatives as selective PfHT1 inhibitor have been suggested in recent experimental work with orthosteric and allosteric dual binding pockets. Inspired by this promising therapeutic strategy, herein, molecular dynamics simulations are performed to investigate the molecular determinants of co-administration on orthosteric and allosteric inhibitors targeting PfHT1. Our binding free energy analyses capture the essential trend of inhibitor binding affinity to protein from published experimental IC₅₀ data in three sets of distinct characteristics. We rank the contribution of key residues as binding sites which categorized into three groups based on linker length, size of tail group, and sugar moiety of inhibitors. The pivotal roles of these key residues are further validated by mutant analysis where mutated to nonpolar alanine leading to reduced affinities to different degrees. The exception was fructose derivative, which exhibited a significant enhanced affinity to mutation on orthosteric sites due to strong changed binding poses. This study may provide useful information for optimized design of precision medicine to circumvent drug-resistant Plasmodium parasites with high efficacy.

Engineering spin polarization in dissipative bosonic systems is crucial for advancing quantum technologies, especially for applications in quantum metrology and space-based quantum simulations. This work demonstrates precise magnetic moment control in multicomponent Bose gases during evaporative cooling via tailored magnetic fields. By adjusting the magnetic field gradients, null point position, and duration, we selectively tune evaporation rates of magnetic sublevels, achieving targeted spin polarization. Theoretical models, validated by numerical simulations and Stern−Gerlach experiments, reveal how magnetic fields reshape trapping potentials and spin-dependent dissipation. The results establish a dissipative spin-selection mechanism governing polarization evolution in evaporatively cooled Bose gases and provide a framework for engineering spin-polarized quantum states.

We study the quantum system of three ultracold one-dimensional identical bosons with \delta-contact interaction in a harmonic trap by proposing a method termed the generator coordinate method (GCM)-polynomial ansatz (PA). Based on the asymptotic property of our system, we describe the wave function as a (pseudo-)polynomial multiplied by the asymptotic Gaussian function, then apply the GCM to this PA description to solve the system. Our results include not only the ground and first excited states, which are in agreement with previous calculations, but also a dozen unexplored excited states. We present and discuss the eigenenergy spectra and eigenstates, including periodic patterns and degeneracies. Additionally, we reproduce the states and properties at extreme interaction limits, such as Bose–Einstein (BE) condensate, fermionization at Tonks–Girardeau (TG) gas limit and TG/super-TG mapping.

We theoretically study the photon blockade (PB) effect in a double-cavity optomechanical system with the two-photon driving. By analytical calculations and numerical simulations, the physical mechanisms of conventional photon blockade (CPB) and unconventional photon blockade (UPB) are discussed in detail. And then we obtain the optimal parameter conditions for PB. In our work, there exist both the CPB induced by strong nonlinear interaction and the UPB caused by quantum interference. In particular, we find that CPB and UPB can occur simultaneously under the same parameters. In addition, we also prove that the appropriate values of nonreciprocal coupling and two-photon driving are favorable to the improvement of PB. Our proposal provides an idea for simultaneously realizing CPB and UPB in the optomechanical system and offers a route for constructing high-quality single-photon sources.

Topological wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies have attracted considerable interest, primarily due to their high transmission efficiency and robustness in coupled array configurations. However, conventional periodic and quasi-periodic topological chains exhibit limited adaptability to complex application scenarios, such as large-area simultaneous multi-load charging. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a large-area robust topological defect state by constructing a gapless chain of uniformly coupled resonators at the interface of two topologically distinct Su−Schrieffer−Heeger (SSH) configurations. This topological defect state exhibits strong localization at multiple target sites, thereby enabling efficient and concurrent wireless power delivery to spatially distributed loads. Furthermore, the unique wavefunction distribution enhances robustness against positional variations, thus ensuring stable energy transfer despite fluctuations in device placement. The proposed large-area topological framework offers fundamental insights into harnessing diverse topological states for advanced WPT applications, particularly in scenarios demanding spatial flexibility and multi-target energy delivery.

We present a novel approach to control light diffraction through a single subwavelength aperture (i.e., metallic slit) by designing and exploring a resonant metagrating with compound lattice containing two metaatoms. Such resonant metagrating supports two orthogonal local eigenmodes of opposite symmetry, and a lateral offset between inner metaatoms is introduced to break the lattice symmetry to reduce the orthogonality of the two local eigenmodes. We show that the lateral offset offers additional freedom for controlling aperture diffraction, producing both extraordinarily enhanced and extremely suppressed transmissions. The mechanism is that the resonant metagrating serves as a unidirectional nanocoupler that can efficiently convert the incident light into a surface plasmon wave, whose energy direction depends on the lateral offset. Our findings provide a platform for advanced nanophotonics, including high-efficiency optical sensors and enhanced nonlinear optical devices.

Topological systems with hybrid topology offer unique opportunities for exploring multiplexing topological phenomena and valuable applications. However, building a hybrid topological superconductor and achieving a controllable topological phase transition between different orders of topological superconductors remain a challenge. We propose a solution to unify both first- and higher-order topological superconductors on a square lattice, incorporating the Rashba spin−orbit coupling, Zeeman field and s-wave superconducting pairing. By utilizing one-dimensional normal edge states, we construct a boundary-obstructed topological superconductor associated with closing the boundary energy gap. This leads to the emergence of Majorana corner modes, whose topological properties are characterized by the Berry phase. By tuning the amplitude of different intracell hoppings, we can control the localization of Majorana corner modes. We also generalize the Majorana polarization as a topological invariant to verify the existence of Majorana corner modes. Remarkably, the obtained phase diagram is well consistent with that described by the boundary energy gap, a quantized Berry phase and Chern number. With the further increase of Zeeman field, we observe a transition from a second- to first-order topological superconducting phase by closing the bulk gap. Its topology is protected by the bulk states and characterized by nonzero Chern number. Additionally, no Majorana corner modes are present and the topological boundary states are determined by nonzero Chern number in the region where both the quantized Berry phase and Chern number are nonzero. Furthermore, we achieve the hinge Majorana zero modes in a three-dimensional structure by stacking the two-dimensional square lattices. Our work unveils the physical mechanism to get a topological superconductor with different orders, and opens an avenue to characterize and detect different order topological superconductors on two-dimensional lattices.

The exploration of the regulation mechanism about Chern number (C) is crucial for acquiring high topological state in quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE). In this study, by symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations, monolayer XBiO₃ (X = Pd, Pt) are proven to be QAH insulators with tunable topological state. As the magnetization direction changes in the xy plane, monolayer XBiO₃ switch between QAH insulator with C=\left|1\right| and topological trivial semimetal with a period of 60°. It is caused by the breaking or protecting mirror symmetries for different polar angles. Comparatively, as the magnetization direction alters in the xz plane, monolayer XBiO₃ vary among QAH insulator with C=\left|3\right|, QAH insulator with C=\left|1\right| as well as mixed semimetal and QAH state with a period of 180°. The topological band gaps are as high as 114 and 132 meV for monolayers PdBiO₃ and PtBiO₃, respectively. The critical magnetic transition temperature of monolayers PdBiO₃ and PtBiO₃ reach up to 432 and 550 K, respectively. Notably, the QAH feature is robust for strains and U values. Our work provides an ideal platform to investigate the tunable high Chern number QAHE and design high performance QAH devices.

Recent reactor neutrino oscillation experiments reported precision measurements of {\sin }^2(2{\theta }_{13}) and \mathrm{\Delta }{m}_{ee}^2 under the standard 3\nu oscillation framework. However, inter-experiment consistency checks through the parameter goodness-of-fit test reveal proximity to tension boundary, with the Double Chooz, RENO, and Daya Bay ensemble yielding p_{\text{PG}}=0.14 vs threshold \alpha =0.1. Anisotropic Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) can accommodate this tension by introducing a location-dependent angle {\theta }^{\text{LIV}} relative to the earth’s axis. It is found that anisotropic LIV improve the fit to data up to 1.9\sigma confidence level significance, with the coefficient {\mathcal{A}}_{31}^{C(0)}=2.43\times {10}^{-17}\text{MeV} yielding the best fit, while Parameter Goodness-of-fit (PG) is significantly improved within the LIV formalism.

We review the exotic states, such as the X, Y, Z, T and P states, and present their possible assignments based on the QCD sum rules. We present many predictions which can be confronted to the experimental data in the future to diagnose the exotic states. Furthermore, we also mention other theoretical methods.