MIMO-OFDM transmission technologies have been emerged in the recent past due to speedily growing requirements of high-speed data. These transmission technologies are highly efficient in terms of spectrum usage and transmission power requirements [
15]. OFDM is widely popular due to its supreme resilience and high-speed data transmission capabilities over frequency selective fading channels. Current wireless communication systems make extensive use of wavelets for diverse applications. Wavelets can be incorporated in diverse fields of mobile as well as fixed wireless access systems such as channel modeling, channel coding, and designing of transceivers for better performance in diverse operational environments. The complex wavelet packet transform based OFDM reduce the effects of inter-carrier interference (ICI) and some guard intervals to be inserted in between OFDM symbols. The BER of the wireless system improves significantly on the use of wavelets [
12]. The DWT-OFDM performs better than the FFT-OFDM regarding BER performance for a particular signal to noise ratio (SNR) value. Further, the bior5.5 and rbior3.3 outperforms the others wavelets in the wavelet family [
16]. Diverse transforms like FFT, DWT, and discrete cosine transform (DCT) are also being used in OFDM systems to analyze the BER performance over AWGN channel [
17]. The analysis is carried out for different wavelets also, and the results demonstrate that the BER performance is better in the case of Haar wavelet in comparison to all other wavelets, FFT, and DCT [
11].The OFDM systems are implemented using both FFT and DWT over AWGN channel by employing the diverse order of digital modulation techniques such as M-ary phase shift keying (M-PSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) [
18]. The performance analysis depicts an improvement of SNR to achieve a particular BER for both modulation techniques. The DWT-OFDM outperforms the FFT-OFDM regarding BER performance and spectral efficiency over Rayleigh fading channel also [
19]. The BER performance of DWT-OFDM is better than FFT-OFDM without the cyclic prefix (CP), but it is not that much better when CP is included in the FFT-OFDM. FrFT is a more advanced version of FFT, which offers many advantages over the conventional Fourier analysis. FrFT can be used in diverse filed of signal processing. FrFT are closely related to other time, frequency and canonical transforms. FrFT appended OFDM has been analyzed over diverse wireless channels such as AWGN, Rayleigh, Rician, and Nakagami [
20]. The OFDM system was implemented using 512-PSK and 1024-PSK, at this modulation level the probability of BER is high. This probability of error can be reduced by using the FrFT in place of conventional FFT [
21]. The FrFT can also be used in addition to the FFT for OFDM systems. In that, the FrFT will work as the precoding technique. The BER performance analysis depicts a considerable improvement in comparison to convention FFT based OFDM over AWGN, Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami channels [
22]. In the recent past, a significant improvement in the transmission capacity of modern wireless communication systems has been reported by many researchers on using the massive MIMO system [
23]. This increase in capacity is being achieved on using large antenna arrays at the mobile terminals as well as base stations [
24]. Diversity gain in MIMO systems will enhance the system reliability and signal quality in multipath fading channels. Multiplexing gain will elevate the data capacity by sending the independent data stream through the diverse antennas [
25–
27]. In multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) systems, all the users will transmit and receive without having any mutual encoding or detecting algorithm, i.e., all the users will share same wireless channel spatially. In massive MIMO transmission, MU-MIMO scenario is considered. In massive MIMO multiple antennas are installed at the base station, which will serve multiple users in the same time-frequency resources available [
28]. MIMO-OFDM system is very well integrated into IEEE 802.16 standard family also. The use of MIMO-OFDM transmission in WiMAX systems results in elevated data rate, throughput, resilience against multipath fading and efficient bandwidth usage. Both the two MIMO physical layer modifications are applicable as per the specification of IEEE, i.e., spatial diversity and spatial multiplexing. The efficient switching between the two modifications can be done adaptively depending upon the fading channel condition.