Hyperglycemic memory in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases account for approximately 80% of deaths among individuals with diabetes mellitus, with diabetic cardiomyopathy as the major diabetic cardiovascular complication. Hyperglycemia is a symptom that abnormally activates multiple downstream pathways and contributes to cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, apoptosis, and other pathophysiological changes. Although glycemic control has long been at the center of diabetes therapy, multicenter randomized clinical studies have revealed that intensive glycemic control fails to reduce heart failure-associated hospitalization and mortality in patients with diabetes. This finding indicates that hyperglycemic stress persists in the cardiovascular system of patients with diabetes even if blood glucose level is tightly controlled to the normal level. This process is now referred to as hyperglycemic memory (HGM) phenomenon. We briefly reviewed herein the current advances that have been achieved in research on the underlying mechanisms of HGM in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Keywords

diabetes / diabetic cardiomyopathy / hyperglycemic memory

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Acknowledgements

We thank our colleagues in the group of Dao Wen Wang for stimulating discussions. This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 81822002, 31771264, and 31800973) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2019kfyXMBZ035). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, manuscript preparation, or decision to publish.

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Jiabing Zhan, Chen Chen, Dao Wen Wang, and Huaping Li declare no conflicts of interest. This manuscript is a review and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.

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