Translational application of neuroimaging in major depressive disorder: a review of psychoradiological studies

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) causes great decrements in health and quality of life with increments in healthcare costs, but the causes and pathogenesis of depression remain largely unknown, which greatly prevent its early detection and effective treatment. With the advancement of neuroimaging approaches, numerous functional and structural alterations in the brain have been detected in MDD and more recently attempts have been made to apply these findings to clinical practice. In this review, we provide an updated summary of the progress in translational application of psychoradiological findings in MDD with a specified focus on potential clinical usage. The foreseeable clinical applications for different MRI modalities were introduced according to their role in disorder classification, subtyping, and prediction. While evidence of cerebral structural and functional changes associated with MDD classification and subtyping was heterogeneous and/or sparse, the ACC and hippocampus have been consistently suggested to be important biomarkers in predicting treatment selection and treatment response. These findings underlined the potential utility of brain biomarkers for clinical practice.

Keywords

psychoradiology / major depressive disorder / MRI / biomarker

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Nos. 81171488, 81671669, 81621003, 81820108018, and 81801681), Program for Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (PCSIRT, No. IRT16R52) of China.

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Ziqi Chen, Xiaoqi Huang, Qiyong Gong, and Bharat B. Biswal declare that they have no financial conflicts of interest. This manuscript is a review article and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.

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