Exploring the diagnosis markers for gallbladder cancer based on clinical data

Lingqiang Zhang, Runchen Miao, Xiude Zhang, Wei Chen, Yanyan Zhou, Ruitao Wang, Ruiyao Zhang, Qing Pang, Xinsen Xu, Chang Liu

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Front. Med. ›› 2015, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (3) : 350-355. DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0402-2
RESEARCH ARTICLE
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Exploring the diagnosis markers for gallbladder cancer based on clinical data

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Abstract

Presently, no effective markers are available to facilitate gallbladder cancer (GBC) diagnosis. This study aims to explore available markers for GBC diagnosis. Clinical data of 144 GBC and 116 cholelithiasis patients were retrospectively reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate GBC risk factors. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the diagnosis value of the risk factors. By comparing the characteristic of GBC and cholelithiasis patients, the following factors exhibited statistical difference: age, gender, gallstones, total bilirubin (TB), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), platelet count (PLT), CA125 (carcinoembryonic antigen 125), and CA199 (carbohydrate antigen 199). Logistic regression analysis indicated that age [odds ratio (OR), 1.032; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.004 to 1.061; P = 0.024], gender (OR, 0.346; 95% CI, 0.167 to 0.716; P = 0.004), gallstones (OR, 0.027; 95% CI, 0.007 to 0.095; P<0.001), ALP (OR, 1.003; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.006; P = 0.032), TB (OR, 1.004; 95% CI, 1.000 to 1.009; P = 0.042), and CA125 (OR, 1.007; 95% CI, 1.002 to 1.013; P = 0.011) were independent risk factors for GBC. According to the ROC curve, CA125 [area under curve (AUC), 0.720], ALP (AUC, 0.713), TB (AUC, 0.636), and age (AUC, 0.573) were valuable diagnosis markers. Additionally, based on the independent risk factors, the GBC diagnosis model was established. Age, TB, ALP, and CA125 can be used as auxiliary diagnosis factors of GBC. The diagnosis model provides a quantitative tool for GBC diagnosis when comprehensively considering various risk factors.

Keywords

gallbladder cancer / diagnosis / marker

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Lingqiang Zhang, Runchen Miao, Xiude Zhang, Wei Chen, Yanyan Zhou, Ruitao Wang, Ruiyao Zhang, Qing Pang, Xinsen Xu, Chang Liu. Exploring the diagnosis markers for gallbladder cancer based on clinical data. Front. Med., 2015, 9(3): 350‒355 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-015-0402-2

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Hospital Foundation of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University (Xi’an, China) (No. 2013YK36).
Lingqiang Zhang, Runchen Miao, Xiude Zhang, Wei Chen, Yanyan Zhou, Ruitao Wang, Ruiyao Zhang, Qing Pang, Xinsen Xu, and Chang Liu declare that there were no potential conflicts of interest. All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation and the Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent was obtained from all patients included in the study.

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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