Progress on molecular biomarkers and classification of malignant gliomas

Abstract

Gliomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors in adults. Anaplastic gliomas (WHO grade III) and glioblastomas (WHO grade IV) represent the major groups of malignant gliomas in the brain. Several diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers for malignant gliomas have been reported over the last few decades, and these markers have made great contributions to the accuracy of diagnosis, therapeutic decision making, and prognosis of patients. However, heterogeneity in patient outcomes may still be observed, which highlights the insufficiency of a classification system based purely on histopathology. Great efforts have been made to incorporate new information about the molecular landscape of gliomas into novel classifications that may potentially guide treatment. In this review, we summarize three distinctive biomarkers, three most commonly altered pathways, and three classifications based on microarray data in malignant gliomas.

Keywords

malignant glioma / molecular biomarker / IDH1 / MGMT / molecular classification

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from National High Technology Research and Development Program (No.2012AA02A508), International Science and Technology Cooperation Program (No. 2012DFA30470), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81201993).

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Chuanbao Zhang, Zhaoshi Bao, Wei Zhang, and Tao Jiang declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg