Partial liver transplantation

Nianqiao GONG, Xiaoping CHEN

PDF(164 KB)
PDF(164 KB)
Front. Med. ›› 2011, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1) : 1-7. DOI: 10.1007/s11684-010-0105-7
REVIEW

Partial liver transplantation

Author information +
History +

Abstract

Partial liver transplantation, including reduced-size liver transplantation, split liver transplantation, and living donor liver transplantation, has been developed with several innovative techniques because of donor shortage. Reduced-size liver transplantation is based on Couinaud’s anatomical classification, benefiting children and small adult recipients but failing to relieve the overall donor shortage. Split liver transplantation provides chances to two or even more recipients when only one liver graft is available. The splitting technique must follow stricter anatomical and physiological criteria either ex situ or in situ to ensure long-term quality. The first and most important issue involving living donor liver transplantation is donor safety. Before surgery, a series of donor evaluations—including anatomical, liver volume, and liver function evaluations—is indispensable, followed by ethnic agreement. At different recipient conditions, auxiliary liver transplantation and auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation, which employ piggyback techniques, are good alternatives. Partial liver transplantation enriches the practice and knowledge of the transplant society.

Keywords

partial liver transplantation / reduced-size liver transplantation / split liver transplantation / living donor liver transplantation

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Nianqiao GONG, Xiaoping CHEN. Partial liver transplantation. Front Med, 2011, 5(1): 1‒7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-010-0105-7

References

[1]
Marwan I K, Fawzy A T, Egawa H, Inomata Y, Uemoto S, Asonuma K, Kiuchi T, Hayashi M, Fujita S, Ogura Y, Tanaka K. Innovative techniques for and results of portal vein reconstruction in living-related liver transplantation. Surgery, 1999, 125(3): 265-270
[2]
Bismuth H, Houssin D. Reduced-sized orthotopic liver graft in hepatic transplantation in children. Surgery, 1984, 95(3): 367-370
[3]
Couinaud L.etudes Anatomiques et Chirurgicales. 1957
[4]
de Ville de Goyet J, Hausleithner V, Reding R, Lerut J, Janssen M, Otte J B. Impact of innovative techniques on the waiting list and results in pediatric liver transplantation. Transplantation, 1993, 56(5): 1130-1136
CrossRef Google scholar
[5]
Langnas A N, Marujo W C, Inagaki M, Stratta R J, Wood R P, Shaw B W Jr. The results of reduced-size liver transplantation, including split livers, in patients with end-stage liver disease. Transplantation, 1992, 53(2): 387-390
CrossRef Google scholar
[6]
Burgos L, Hernández F, Barrena S, Andres A M, Encinas J L, Leal N, Gamez M, Murcia J, Jara P, Lopez-Santamaria M, Tovar J A. Variant techniques for liver transplantation in pediatric programs. Eur J Pediatr Surg, 2008, 18(6): 372-374
CrossRef Google scholar
[7]
Pichlmayr R, Ringe B, Gubernatis G, Hauss J, Bunzendahl H. Transplantation of a donor liver to 2 recipients (splitting transplantation)- a new method in the further development of segmental liver transplantation. Langenbecks Arch Chir, 1988, 373(2): 127-130
CrossRef Google scholar
[8]
Bismuth H, Morino M, Castaing D, Gillon M C, Descorps Declere A, Saliba F, Samuel D. Emergency orthotopic liver transplantation in two patients using one donor liver. Br J Surg, 1989, 76(7): 722-724
CrossRef Google scholar
[9]
de Ville de Goyet J. Technique for ex situ cadaveric liver division. In: Rogiers X, Bismuth H, Busuttil R W, Broering D C, Azoulay Deds. Split Liver Transplantation. Darmstadt: Springer, 2002: 75.
[10]
Rogiers X, Malago M, Habib N, Knoefel W T, Pothmann W, Burdelski M, Meyer-Moldenhauer W H, Broelsch C E. In situ splitting of the liver in the heart-beating cadaveric organ donor for transplantation in two recipients. Transplantation, 1995, 59(8): 1081-1083
[11]
Rogiers X, Malagó M, Gawad K, Jauch K W, Olausson M, Knoefel W T, Gundlach M, Bassas A, Fischer L, Sterneck M, Burdelski M, Broelsch C E. In situ splitting of cadaveric livers. The ultimate expansion of a limited donor pool. Ann Surg, 1996, 224(3): 331-341
CrossRef Google scholar
[12]
Yersiz H, Renz J F, Farmer D G, Hisatake G M, McDiarmid S V, Busuttil R W. One hundred in situ split-liver transplantations: a single-center experience. Ann Surg, 2003, 238(4): 496-505
[13]
Noujaim H M, Gunson B, Mayer D A, Mirza D F, Buckels J A, Candinas D, McMaster P, de Ville de Goyet J. Worth continuing doing ex situ liver graft splitting? A singlecenter analysis. Am J Transplant, 2003, 3(3): 318-323
CrossRef Google scholar
[14]
Raia S, Nery J R, Mies S.Liver transplantation from live donors. 1989, 2(8661):497
[15]
Strong R W, Lynch S V, Ong T H, Matsunami H, Koido Y, Balderson G A. Successful liver transplantation from a living donor to her son. N Engl J Med, 1990, 322(21): 1505-1507
CrossRef Google scholar
[16]
Tanaka K, Uemoto S, Tokunaga Y, Fujita S, Sano K, Nishizawa T, Sawada H, Shirahase I, Kim H J, Yamaoka Y, Ozawa K. Surgical techniques and innovations in living related liver transplantation. Ann Surg, 1993, 217(1): 82-91
CrossRef Google scholar
[17]
Testa R, Caglieris S, Risso D, Arzani L, Campo N, Alvarez S, Giannini E, Lantieri P B, Celle G. Monoethylglycinexylidide formation measurement as a hepatic function test to assess severity of chronic liver disease. Am J Gastroenterol, 1997, 92(12): 2268-2273
[18]
Cescon M, Grazi G L, Del Gaudio M, Ercolani G, Ravaioli M, Nardo B, Cavallari A. Outcome of right hepatectomies in patients older than 70 years. Arch Surg, 2003, 138(5): 547-552
CrossRef Google scholar
[19]
Urata K, Kawasaki S, Matsunami H, Hashikura Y, Ikegami T, Ishizone S, Momose Y, Komiyama A, Makuuchi M. Calculation of child and adult standard liver volume for liver transplantation. Hepatology, 1995, 21(5): 1317-1321
CrossRef Google scholar
[20]
Tanaka K, Ogura Y. “Small-for-size graft” and “small-for-size syndrome” in living donor liver transplantation. Yonsei Med J, 2004, 45(6): 1089-1094
[21]
Kobayashi S, Ochiai T, Hori S, Suzuki T, Shimizu T, Gunji Y, Shimada H, Kanazawa M, Ogawa A, Kohno Y, Hirasawa H, Oda S, Tanaka K. Complete recovery from fulminant hepatic failure with severe coma by living donor liver transplantation. Hepatogastroenterology, 2003, 50(50): 515-518
[22]
Tanaka A, Tanaka K, Shinohara H, Hatano E, Sato S, Kanazawa A, Kitai T, Higashiyama H, Nakamura Y, Yamamoto Y, Okajima H, Egawa H, Ikai I, Uemoto S, Satomura I, Ozaki N, Inomata Y, Yamaoka Y. Extension of the indication for living related liver transplantation from children to adults based on resolution of graft size mismatch in relation to tissue oxygenation and metabolic load: a case report. Transpl Int, 1996, 9(Suppl 1): S174-S177
CrossRef Google scholar
[23]
Lo C M, Fan S T, Liu C L, Lo R J, Lau G K, Wei W I, Li J H, Ng I O, Wong J. Extending the limit on the size of adult recipient in living donor liver transplantation using extended right lobe graft. Transplantation, 1997, 63(10): 1524-1528
CrossRef Google scholar
[24]
Lo C M, Fan S T, Liu C L, Chan J K, Lam B K, Lau G K, Wei W I, Wong J. Minimum graft size for successful living donor liver transplantation. Transplantation, 1999, 68(8): 1112-1116
CrossRef Google scholar
[25]
Kiuchi T, Tanaka K, Ito T, Oike F, Ogura Y, Fujimoto Y, Ogawa K. Small-for-size graft in living donor liver transplantation: how far should we go? Liver Transpl, 2003, 9(9): S29-S35
CrossRef Google scholar
[26]
Morioka D, Egawa H, Kasahara M, Ito T, Haga H, Takada Y, Shimada H, Tanaka K. Outcomes of adult-to-adult living donor liver transplantation: a single institution’s experience with 335 consecutive cases. Ann Surg, 2007, 245(2): 315-325
CrossRef Google scholar
[27]
Imura S, Shimada M, Ikegami T, Morine Y, Kanemura H. Strategies for improving the outcomes of small-for-size grafts in adult-to-adult living-donor liver transplantation. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg, 2008, 15(2): 102-110
CrossRef Google scholar
[28]
Miller C, Florman S, Kim-Schluger L, Lento P, De La Garza J, Wu J, Xie B, Zhang W, Bottone E, Zhang D, Schwartz M. Fulminant and fatal gas gangrene of the stomach in a healthy live liver donor. Liver Transpl, 2004, 10(10): 1315-1319
CrossRef Google scholar
[29]
Tanaka K, Yamada T. Living donor liver transplantation in Japan and Kyoto University: what can we learn? J Hepatol, 2005, 42(1): 25-28
CrossRef Google scholar
[30]
Nishizaki T, Ikegami T, Hiroshige S, Hashimoto K, Uchiyama H, Yoshizumi T, Kishikawa K, Shimada M, Sugimachi K. Small graft for living donor liver transplantation. Ann Surg, 2001, 233(4): 575-580
CrossRef Google scholar
[31]
Dahm F, Georgiev P, Clavien P A. Small-for-size syndrome after partial liver transplantation: defi nition, mechanisms of disease and clinical implications. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(11): 2605-2610
CrossRef Google scholar
[32]
Emond J C, Leib M. The living-related liver transplant evaluation: linking risk factors and outcome. Liver Transpl Surg, 1996, 2(5 Suppl 1): S57-S63
[33]
Kiuchi T, Ishiko T, Nakamura T, Egawa H, Uemoto S, Inomata Y, Tanaka K. Duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction in living donor liver transplantation. Transplant Proc, 2001, 33(1-2): 1320-1321
CrossRef Google scholar
[34]
Sugawara Y, Sano K, Kaneko J, Akamatsu N, Kishi Y, Kokudo N, Makuuchi M. Duct-to-duct biliary reconstruction for living donor liver transplantation: Experience of 92 cases. Transplant Proc, 2003, 35(8): 2981-2982
CrossRef Google scholar
[35]
Starzl T E, Groth C G, Brettschneider L, Penn I, Fulginiti V A, Moon J B, Blanchard H, Martin A J Jr, Porter K A. Orthotopic homotransplantation of the human liver. Ann Surg, 1968, 168(3): 392-415
CrossRef Google scholar
[36]
Calne R Y, Williams R. Liver transplantation in man. I. Observations on technique and organization in five cases. BMJ, 1968, 4(5630): 535-540
CrossRef Google scholar
[37]
Tzakis A, Todo S, Starzl T E. Orthotopic liver transplantation with preservation of the inferior vena cava. Ann Surg, 1989, 210(5): 649-652
CrossRef Google scholar
[38]
Polak W G, Nemes B A, Miyamoto S, Peeters P M, de Jong K P, Porte R J, Slooff M J. End-to-side caval anastomosis in adult piggyback liver transplantation. Clin Transplant, 2006, 20(5): 609-616
CrossRef Google scholar
[39]
Dasgupta D, Sharpe J, Prasad K R, Asthana S, Toogood G J, Pollard S G, Lodge J P. Triangular and self-triangulating cavocavostomy for orthotopic liver transplantation without posterior suture lines: a modified surgical technique. Transpl Int, 2006, 19(2): 117-121
CrossRef Google scholar
[40]
Absolon K B, Hagihara P F, Griffen W O Jr, Lillehei R C. Experimental and clinical heterotopic liver homotransplantation. Rev Int Hepatol, 1965, 15(8): 1481-1490
[41]
Fortner J G, Beattie E J Jr, Shiu M H, Kawano N, Howland W S. Orthotopic and heterotopic liver homografts in man. Ann Surg, 1970, 172(1): 23-32
[42]
Chen X P, Qiu F Z, Xia S S. An experimental study of auxiliary partial liver allotransplantation in dogs. Tongji Yike Daxue Xuebao, 1987, 1(1): 15-20 (in Chinese)
[43]
Gubernatis G, Pichlmayr R, Kemnitz J, Gratz K. Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) for fulminant hepatic failure: first successful case report. World J Surg, 1991, 15(5): 660-665
CrossRef Google scholar
[44]
Rela M, Muiesan P, Vilca-Melendez H, Dhawan A, Baker A, Mieli-Vergani G, Heaton N D. Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation for Crigler–Najjar syndrome type I. Ann Surg, 1999, 229(4): 565-569
CrossRef Google scholar
[45]
Onaca N, Sanchez E Q, Melton L B, Netto G J, Glastad K A, Martin P A, Ueno T, Levy M F, Goldstein R M, Klintmalm G B. Cadaveric orthotopic auxiliary split liver transplantation and kidney transplantation: an alternative for type 1 primary hyperoxaluria. Transplantation, 2005, 80(3): 421-424
CrossRef Google scholar
[46]
Morioka D, Kasahara M, Takada Y, Shirouzu Y, Taira K, Sakamoto S, Uryuhara K, Egawa H, Shimada H, Tanaka K. Current role of liver transplantation for the treatment of urea cycle disorders: a review of the worldwide English literature and 13 cases at Kyoto University. Liver Transpl, 2005, 11(11): 1332-1342
CrossRef Google scholar
[47]
Shah S A, Grant D R, Greig P D, McGilvray I D, Adcock L D, Girgrah N, Wong P, Kim R D, Smith R, Lilly L B, Levy G A, Cattral M S. Analysis and outcomes of right lobe hepatectomy in 101 consecutive living donors. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(11): 2764-2769
CrossRef Google scholar
[48]
Testa G, Malago M, Valentin-Gamazo C, Lindell G, Broelsch C E. Biliary anastomosis in living related liver transplantation using the right liver lobe: Techniques and complications. Liver Transpl, 2000, 6(6): 710-714
CrossRef Google scholar
[49]
Gondolesi G E, Varotti G, Florman S S, Muñoz L, Fishbein T M, Emre S H, Schwartz M E, Miller C. Biliary complications in 96 consecutive right lobe living donor transplant recipients. Transplantation, 2004, 77(12): 1842-1848
CrossRef Google scholar
[50]
Hanto D W, Fishbein T M, Pinson C W, Olthoff K M, Shiffman M L, Punch J D, Goodrich N P. Liver and intestine transplantation: Summary analysis, 1994-2003. Am J Transplant, 2005, 5(4 Pt 2): 916-933
CrossRef Google scholar
[51]
Malagó M, Testa G, Frilling A, Nadalin S, Valentin-Gamazo C, Paul A, Lang H, Treichel U, Cicinnati V, Gerken G, Broelsch C E. Right living donor liver transplantation: An option for adult patients: Single institution experience with 74 patients. Ann Surg, 2003, 238(6): 853-862
[52]
Marcos A, Killackey M, Orloff M S, Mieles L, Bozorgzadeh A, Tan H P. Hepatic arterial reconstruction in 95 adult right lobe living donor liver transplants: Evolution of anastomotic technique. Liver Transpl, 2003, 9(6): 570-574
CrossRef Google scholar
[53]
Tan H P, Marcos A. Hepatic arterial anatomy for right liver procurement from living donors. Liver Transpl, 2004, 10(1): 134-135
CrossRef Google scholar
[54]
Renz J F, Kin C J, Saggi B H, Emond J C. Chapter 47: Outcomes of living donor liver transplantation. In: Busuttil R W, Klintmalm G B, eds. Transplantation of the Liver. Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2005:713-724.
[55]
Pomposelli J J, Verbesey J, Simpson M A, Lewis W D, Gordon F D, Khettry U, Wald C, Ata S, Morin D, Garrigan K, Jenkins R L, Pomfret E A. Improved survival after live donor adult liver transplantation using right lobe grafts: program experience and lessons learned. Am J Transplant, 2006, 6(3): 589-598
CrossRef Google scholar
[56]
Marcos A, Fisher R A, Ham J M, Shiffman M L, Sanyal A J, Luketic V A, Sterling R K, Fulcher A S, Posner M P. Liver regeneration and function in donor and recipient after right lobe adult to adult living donor liver transplantation. Transplantation, 2000, 69(7): 1375-1379
CrossRef Google scholar
[57]
Kawasaki S, Makuuchi M, Ishizone S, Matsunami H, Terada M, Kawarazaki H. Liver regeneration in recipients and donors after transplantation. Lancet, 1992, 339(8793): 580-581
CrossRef Google scholar
[58]
Nakagami M, Morimoto T, Itoh K, Arima Y, Yamamoto Y, Ikai I, Yamaoka Y. Patterns of restoration of remnant liver volume after graft harvesting in donors for living related liver transplantation. Transplant Proc, 1998, 30(1): 195-199
CrossRef Google scholar

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF(164 KB)

Accesses

Citations

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/