Advances in airborne microorganisms detection using biosensors: A critical review

Highlights

• Airborne microorganism detection methods are summarized.

• Biosensors play an important role in detecting airborne microorganisms.

• The principle of biosensor detection of airborne microorganisms is introduced.

• The application and progress of biosensor in recent years is summarized.

• The future perspectives of biosensor are identified.

Abstract

Humanity has been facing the threat of a variety of infectious diseases. Airborne microorganisms can cause airborne infectious diseases, which spread rapidly and extensively, causing huge losses to human society on a global scale. In recent years, the detection technology for airborne microorganisms has developed rapidly; it can be roughly divided into biochemical, immune, and molecular technologies. However, these technologies still have some shortcomings; they are time-consuming and have low sensitivity and poor stability. Most of them need to be used in the ideal environment of a laboratory, which limits their applications. A biosensor is a device that converts biological signals into detectable signals. As an interdisciplinary field, biosensors have successfully introduced a variety of technologies for bio-detection. Given their fast analysis speed, high sensitivity, good portability, strong specificity, and low cost, biosensors have been widely used in environmental monitoring, medical research, food and agricultural safety, military medicine and other fields. In recent years, the performance of biosensors has greatly improved, becoming a promising technology for airborne microorganism detection. This review introduces the detection principle of biosensors from the three aspects of component identification, energy conversion principle, and signal amplification. It also summarizes its research and application in airborne microorganism detection. The new progress and future development trend of the biosensor detection of airborne microorganisms are analyzed.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Biosensor / Airborne microorganisms / Microbiological detection technology

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51678402) and the Tianjin New Crown Epidemic Emergency Project (No. 20ZXGBSY00100).

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