Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar

Kaikai Zhang, Peng Sun, Yanrong Zhang

PDF(1401 KB)
PDF(1401 KB)
Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (2) : 22. DOI: 10.1007/s11783-019-1106-7
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar

Author information +
History +

Highlights

PFRs were produced on biochar during Cr(VI) decontamination.

PFRs formation on biochar was owing to the oxidization of phenolic-OH by Cr(VI).

Appearance of excessive oxidant led to the consumption of PFRs on biochar.

Biochar charred at high temperature possessed great performance to Cr(VI) removal.

Abstract

This study investigated the facilitation of Cr(VI) decontamination to the formation of persistent free radicals (PFRs) on rice husk derived biochar. It was found that Cr(VI) remediation by biochar facilitated the production of PFRs, which increased with the concentration of treated Cr(VI). However, excessive Cr(VI) would induce their decay. Biochar with high pyrolysis temperature possessed great performance to Cr(VI) removal, which was mainly originated from its reduction by biochar from Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. And the corresponding generation of PFRs on biochar was primarily ascribed to the oxidization of phenolic hydroxyl groups by Cr(VI) from Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis, which was further verified by the H2O2 treatment experiments. The findings of this study will help to illustrate the transformation of reactive functional groups on biochar and provide a new insight into the role of biochar in environmental remediation.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

Biochar / Persistent free radicals / Phenolic hydroxyl groups / Cr(VI) reduction

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Kaikai Zhang, Peng Sun, Yanrong Zhang. Decontamination of Cr(VI) facilitated formation of persistent free radicals on rice husk derived biochar. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(2): 22 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1106-7

References

[1]
Agrafioti E, Kalderis D, Diamadopoulos E (2014). Arsenic and chromium removal from water using biochars derived from rice husk, organic solid wastes and sewage sludge. Journal of Environmental Management, 133: 309–314
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[2]
Atkinson C J, Fitzgerald J D, Hipps N A (2010). Potential mechanisms for achieving agricultural benefits from biochar application to temperate soils: A review. Plant & Soil, 337(1–2): 1–18
CrossRef Google scholar
[3]
Beesley L, Moreno-Jiménez E, Gomez-Eyles J L, Harris E, Robinson B, Sizmur T (2011). A review of biochars’ potential role in the remediation, revegetation and restoration of contaminated soils. Environmental pollution, 159(12): 3269–3282
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[4]
Betts A R, Chen N, Hamilton J G, Peak D (2013). Rates and mechanisms of Zn2+ adsorption on a meat and bonemeal biochar. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(24): 14350–14357
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[5]
Chan K Y, Van Zwieten L, Meszaros I, Downie A, Joseph S (2007). Agronomic values of greenwaste biochar as a soil amendment. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 45(8): 629–634
CrossRef Google scholar
[6]
Chen Z, Xiao X, Chen B, Zhu L (2015). Quantification of chemical states, dissociation constants and contents of oxygen-containing groups on the surface of biochars produced at different temperatures. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(1): 309–317
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[7]
dela Cruz A L, Cook R L, Dellinger B, Lomnicki S M, Donnelly K C, Kelley M A, Cosgriff D (2014). Assessment of environmentally persistent free radicals in soils and sediments from three Superfund sites. Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts, 16(1): 44–52
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[8]
dela Cruz A L, Gehling W, Lomnicki S, Cook R, Dellinger B (2011). Detection of environmentally persistent free radicals at a superfund wood treating site. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(15): 6356–6365
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[9]
Dellinger B, Lomnicki S, Khachatryan L, Maskos Z, Hall R W, Adounkpe J, McFerrin C, Truong H (2007). Formation and stabilization of persistent free radicals. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. International Symposium on Combustion or Proc Combust Inst, 31(1): 521–528
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[10]
Dong X, Ma L Q, Gress J, Harris W, Li Y (2014). Enhanced Cr(VI) reduction and As(III) oxidation in ice phase: Important role of dissolved organic matter from biochar. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 267: 62–70
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[11]
Fang G, Gao J, Liu C, Dionysiou D D, Wang Y, Zhou D (2014). Key role of persistent free radicals in hydrogen peroxide activation by biochar: implications to organic contaminant degradation. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(3): 1902–1910
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[12]
Gehling W, Dellinger B (2013). Environmentally persistent free radicals and their lifetimes in PM2.5. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(15): 8172–8178
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[13]
Gehling W, Khachatryan L, Dellinger B (2014). Hydroxyl radical generation from environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in PM2.5. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(8): 4266–4272
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[14]
Gomez-Eyles J L, Yupanqui C, Beckingham B, Riedel G, Gilmour C, Ghosh U (2013). Evaluation of biochars and activated carbons for in situ remediation of sediments impacted with organics, mercury, and methylmercury. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(23): 13721–13729
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[15]
Hale S E, Lehmann J, Rutherford D, Zimmerman A R, Bachmann R T, Shitumbanuma V, O’Toole A, Sundqvist K L, Arp H P, Cornelissen G (2012). Quantifying the total and bioavailable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins in biochars. Environmental Science & Technology, 46(5): 2830–2838
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[16]
Jia M, Wang F, Bian Y, Jin X, Song Y, Kengara F O, Xu R, Jiang X (2013). Effects of pH and metal ions on oxytetracycline sorption to maize-straw-derived biochar. Bioresource Technology, 136: 87–93
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[17]
Jiang B, Liu Y, Zheng J, Tan M, Wang Z, Wu M (2015). Synergetic transformations of multiple pollutants driven by Cr(VI)-sulfite reactions. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(20): 12363–12371
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[18]
Jiang W, Cai Q, Xu W, Yang M, Cai Y, Dionysiou D D, O’Shea K E (2014). Cr(VI) adsorption and reduction by humic acid coated on magnetite. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(14): 8078–8085
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[19]
Jin J, Li Y, Zhang J, Wu S, Cao Y, Liang P, Zhang J, Wong M H, Wang M, Shan S, Christie P (2016). Influence of pyrolysis temperature on properties and environmental safety of heavy metals in biochars derived from municipal sewage sludge. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 320: 417–426
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[20]
Kelley M A, Hebert V Y, Thibeaux T M, Orchard M A, Hasan F, Cormier S A, Thevenot P T, Lomnicki S M, Varner K J, Dellinger B, Latimer B M, Dugas T R (2013). Model combustion-generated particulate matter containing persistent free radicals redox cycle to produce reactive oxygen species. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 26(12): 1862–1871
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[21]
Khachatryan L, Dellinger B (2011). Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs)-2. Are free hydroxyl radicals generated in aqueous solutions? Environmental Science & Technology, 45(21): 9232–9239
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[22]
Khachatryan L, Vejerano E, Lomnicki S, Dellinger B (2011). Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs). 1. Generation of reactive oxygen species in aqueous solutions. Environmental Science & Technology, 45(19): 8559–8566
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[23]
Kiruri L W, Dellinger B, Lomnicki S (2013). Tar balls from Deep Water Horizon oil spill: environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR) formation during crude weathering. Environmental Science & Technology, 47(9): 4220–4226
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[24]
Kiruri L W, Khachatryan L, Dellinger B, Lomnicki S (2014). Effect of copper oxide concentration on the formation and persistency of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in particulates. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(4): 2212–2217
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[25]
Klüpfel L, Keiluweit M, Kleber M, Sander M (2014). Redox properties of plant biomass-derived black carbon (biochar). Environmental Science & Technology, 48(10): 5601–5611
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[26]
Kotaś J, Stasicka Z (2000). Chromium occurrence in the environment and methods of its speciation. Environmental pollution, 107(3): 263–283
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[27]
Kumar A, Joseph S, Tsechansky L, Privat K, Schreiter I J, Schüth C, Graber E R (2018). Biochar aging in contaminated soil promotes Zn immobilization due to changes in biochar surface structural and chemical properties. The Science of the total environment, 626: 953–961
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[28]
Lehmann J, Rillig M C, Thies J, Masiello C A, Hockaday W C, Crowley D (2011). Biochar effects on soil biota–A review. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 43(9): 1812–1836
CrossRef Google scholar
[29]
Li Y, Ruan G, Jalilov A S, Tarkunde Y R, Fei H, Tour J M (2016). Biochar as a renewable source for high-performance CO2 sorbent. Carbon, 107: 344–351
CrossRef Google scholar
[30]
Lian F, Xing B (2017). Black Carbon (Biochar) In water/soil environments: Molecular structure, sorption, stability, and potential risk. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(23): 13517–13532
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[31]
Liu W J, Jiang H, Yu H Q (2015). Development of biochar-based functional materials: Toward a sustainable platform carbon material. Chemical Reviews, 115(22): 12251–12285
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[32]
Lu H, Zhang W, Yang Y, Huang X, Wang S, Qiu R (2012). Relative distribution of Pb2+ sorption mechanisms by sludge-derived biochar. Water Research, 46(3): 854–862
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[33]
Mills C T, Bern C R, Wolf R E, Foster A L, Morrison J M, Benzel W M (2017). Modifications to EPA method 3060A to improve extraction of Cr(VI) from chromium ore processing residue-contaminated soils. Environmental Science & Technology, 51(19): 11235–11243
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[34]
Mohan D, Sarswat A, Ok Y S, Pittman C U Jr (2014). Organic and inorganic contaminants removal from water with biochar, a renewable, low cost and sustainable adsorbent—A critical review. Bioresource Technology, 160: 191–202
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[35]
Nwosu U G, Roy A, dela Cruz A L, Dellinger B, Cook R (2016). Formation of environmentally persistent free radical (EPFR) in iron(III) cation-exchanged smectite clay. Environmental Science. Processes & Impacts, 18(1): 42–50
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[36]
Qin Y, Li G, Gao Y, Zhang L, Ok Y S, An T (2018). Persistent free radicals in carbon-based materials on transformation of refractory organic contaminants (ROCs) in water: A critical review. Water Research, 137: 130–143
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[37]
Rawal A, Joseph S D, Hook J M, Chia C H, Munroe P R, Donne S, Lin Y, Phelan D, Mitchell D R, Pace B, Horvat J, Webber J B (2016). Mineral-biochar composites: Molecular structure and porosity. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(14): 7706–7714
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[38]
Sun H, Hockaday W C, Masiello C A, Zygourakis K (2012). Multiple controls on the chemical and physical structure of biochars. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 51(9): 3587–3597
CrossRef Google scholar
[39]
Thompson K A, Shimabuku K K, Kearns J P, Knappe D R, Summers R S, Cook S M (2016). Environmental comparison of biochar and activated carbon for tertiary wastewater treatment. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(20): 11253–11262
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[40]
Tong X J, Li J Y, Yuan J H, Xu R K (2011). Adsorption of Cu(II) by biochars generated from three crop straws. Chemical Engineering Journal, 172(2–3): 828–834
CrossRef Google scholar
[41]
Vejerano E, Lomnicki S, Dellinger B (2012). Lifetime of combustion-generated environmentally persistent free radicals on Zn(II)O and other transition metal oxides. Journal of environmental monitoring, 14(10): 2803–2806M
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[42]
Vejerano E P, Rao G, Khachatryan L, Cormier S A, Lomnicki S (2018). Environmentally persistent free radicals: Insights on a new class of pollutants. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(5): 2468–2481
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[43]
Wang S, Gao B, Li Y, Ok Y S, Shen C, Xue S (2017). Biochar provides a safe and value-added solution for hyperaccumulating plant disposal: A case study of Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. (Phytolaccaceae). Chemosphere, 178: 59–64
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[44]
Xiao X, Chen B, Zhu L (2014). Transformation, morphology, and dissolution of silicon and carbon in rice straw-derived biochars under different pyrolytic temperatures. Environmental Science & Technology, 48(6): 3411–3419
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[45]
Yang J, Pan B, Li H, Liao S, Zhang D, Wu M, Xing B (2016). Degradation of p-Nitrophenol on biochars: Role of persistent free radicals. Environmental Science & Technology, 50(2): 694–700
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[46]
Zhang K, Sun P, Faye M C, Zhang Y (2018). Characterization of biochar derived from rice husks and its potential in chlorobenzene degradation. Carbon, 130: 730–740 doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2018.01.036

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (Nos. 2013DFG50150 and S2016G6292) and the Innovative and Inter disciplinary Team at HUST (No. 2015ZDTD027). The authors thank the Analytical and Testing Center of HUST for the use of EA, FTIR, and XPS equipment.

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1106-7 and is accessible for authorized users.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2019 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF(1401 KB)

Accesses

Citations

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/