Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in an urban environment: performance and characterizations

Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. ›› 2017, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (4) : 3. DOI: 10.1007/s11783-017-0925-7
RESEARCH ARTICLE
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in an urban environment: performance and characterizations

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Highlights

The loss degree of PAN signal in a TD-CIMS caused by NO is tested and quantified.

TD-CIMS is applicable for PAN measurement in urban areas with necessary correction.

The PAN formation efficiency in urban Hong Kong increased with NO2 concentration.

Abstract

Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is an important indicator of photochemical smog and has adverse effects on human health and vegetation growth. A rapid and highly selective technique of thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TD-CIMS) was recently developed to measure the abundance of PAN in real time; however, it may be subject to artifact in the presence of nitric oxide (NO). In this study, we tested the interference of the PAN signal induced by NO, evaluated the performance of TD-CIMS in an urban environment, and investigated the concentration and formation of PAN in urban Hong Kong. NO caused a significant underestimation of the PAN signal in TD-CIMS, with the underestimation increasing sharply with NO concentration and decreasing slightly with PAN abundance. A formula was derived to link the loss of PAN signal with the concentrations of NO and PAN, which can be used for data correction in PAN measurements. The corrected PAN data from TD-CIMS were consistent with those from the commonly used gas chromatography with electron capture detection, which confirms the utility of TD-CIMS in an urban environment in which NO is abundant. In autumn of 2010, the hourly average PAN mixing ratio varied from 0.06 ppbv to 5.17 ppbv, indicating the occurrence of photochemical pollution in urban Hong Kong. The formation efficiency of PAN during pollution episodes was as high as 3.9 to 5.9 ppbv per 100 ppbv ozone. PAN levels showed a near-linear increase with NOx concentration, suggesting a control policy of NOx reduction for PAN pollution.

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Keywords

TD-CIMS / Peroxyacetyl nitrate / Interference / Photochemical pollution / Formation efficiency

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Xinfeng Wang, Tao Wang, Likun Xue, Wei Nie, Zheng Xu, Steven C. N. Poon, Wenxing Wang. Peroxyacetyl nitrate measurements by thermal dissociation–chemical ionization mass spectrometry in an urban environment: performance and characterizations. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2017, 11(4): 3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-017-0925-7

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Environment and Conservation Fund of Hong Kong (Project No. 2009-07), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41275123, 21407094 and 91544213), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2014M561932), and the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change. The authors thank Dr. Pamela Holt for proofreading the manuscript.

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2017 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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