Reuse of heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon in remediation of water contaminated by heavy metals

Abstract

Phytoremediation technology is regarded as a simple and efficient way to remove heavy metals from contaminated soil. A reasonable disposal of metal hyperaccumulators is always a major issue in waste reuse and resource-saving. The heavy metal-accumulating Cynondon dactylon (L.) was investigated where heavy metals were desorbed by a facile acid-treatment. The result indicated that more than 90% of heavy metals (Zn, Pb and Cu) was extracted from Cynondon dactylon with 0.2 mmol·L^-1 HCl. The plant residue was used to adsorb heavy metals ions. The adsorption fitted the Langmuir isotherm model with the saturation adsorption capacity of 9.5 mg·g^-1 Zn²⁺, 36.2 mg·g^-1 Pb²⁺ and 12.9 mg·g^-1 Cu²⁺, and the surface complexation and the backfilling of heavy metal-imprinting cavities existed simultaneously during the adsorption. The treatment of wastewaters indicated that the plant residue exhibited a high removal rate of 97% for Cu. Also, the material could be recycled. The method offers a new disposal approach for heavy metal hyperaccumulator.

Keywords

heavy metals / Cynondon dactylon / acid-treatment / adsorption / recycling

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse (Tongji University), China (Grant Nos. PCRRK11003 and 0400231012).

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg