Synthesis, physicochemical characterizations and catalytic performance of Pd/carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts used for total oxidation of xylene at low temperatures

Zeinab JAMALZADEH, Mohammad HAGHIGHI, Nazli ASGARI

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng. ›› DOI: 10.1007/s11783-013-0520-5
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Synthesis, physicochemical characterizations and catalytic performance of Pd/carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts used for total oxidation of xylene at low temperatures

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Abstract

In this work, xylene removal from waste gas streams was investigated via catalytic oxidation over Pd/carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts. Activated carbon was obtained from pine cone chemically activated using ZnCl2 and modified by H3PO4. Natural zeolite of clinoptilolite was modified by acid treatment with HCl, while nano-ceria was synthesized via redox method. Mixed supports of carbon-zeolite and carbon-ceria were prepared and palladium was dispersed over them via impregnation method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric (TG) techniques. Characterization of nanocatalysts revealed a good morphology with an average particle size in a nano range, and confirmed the formation of nano-ceria with an average crystallite size below 60 nm. BET analysis indicated a considerable surface area for catalysts (~1000 m2·g-1). FTIR patterns demonstrated that the surface groups of synthesized catalysts are in good agreement with the patterns of materials applied in catalyst synthesis. The performance of catalysts was assessed in a low-pressure catalytic oxidation pilot in the temperature range of 100°C–250°C. According to the reaction data, the synthesized catalysts have been shown to be so advantageous in the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), representing high catalytic performance of 98% for the abatement of xylene at 250°C. Furthermore, a reaction network is proposed for catalytic oxidation of xylene over nanocatalysts.

Keywords

Pd/carbon-CeO2 / Pd/carbon-zeolite / pine cone / ZnCl2 / catalytic oxidation / xylene

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Zeinab JAMALZADEH, Mohammad HAGHIGHI, Nazli ASGARI. Synthesis, physicochemical characterizations and catalytic performance of Pd/carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts used for total oxidation of xylene at low temperatures. Front Envir Sci Eng, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-013-0520-5

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge Sahand University of Technology for the financial support of the project as well as Iran Nanotechnology Initiative Council for complementary financial support.

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
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