In situ enhanced bioremediation of dichlorvos by a phyllosphere Flavobacterium strain

Abstract

A bacterium capable of degrading dichlorvos was isolated from the rape phyllosphere and designated YD4. The strain was identified as Flavobacterium sp., based on its phenotypic features and 16S rRNA gene sequence. Strain YD4 was able to utilize dichlorvos as the sole source of phosphorus. In situ enhanced bioremediation of dichlorvos by YD4 was hereafter studied. Chlorpyrifos and phoxim could also be degraded by this strain as the sole phosphorus source. A higher degradation rate of dichlorvos was observed after spraying YD4 onto the surface of rape leaves when compared to the sterilized-YD4 and water-treated samples. The results indicated that pesticide-degrading epiphytic bacterium could become a new way for in situ phyllosphere bioremediation where the hostile niche is unsuitable for other pesticide-degrading bacteria isolated from soil and water.

Keywords

enhanced bioremediation / organophosphorus pesticides / phyllosphere / Flavobacterium sp.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Ian Samuel Brown, Hilary Paige Stevenson, and Filipo Pullara for their assistance in preparing this manuscript. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 30600082 and 20777089) and the “Knowledge Innovation” Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (kzcx1-yw-06-03).

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2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg