Efficient elimination of environmental pollutants through sorption-reduction and photocatalytic degradation using nanomaterials

Abstract

With the rapid development of industrial, large amounts of different inorganic and organic pollutants are released into the natural environments. The efficient elimination of environmental pollutants, i.e., photocatalytic degradation of persistent organic pollutants into nontoxic organic/inorganic chemicals, in-situ solidification or sorption-reduction of heavy metal ions, is crucial to protect the environment. Nanomaterials with large surface area, active sites and abundant functional groups could form strong surface complexes with different kinds of pollutants and thereby could efficiently eliminate the pollutants from the aqueous solutions. In this review, we mainly focused on the recent works about the synthesis of nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient elimination of different organic and inorganic pollutants from wastewater and discussed the interaction mechanism from batch experimental results, the advanced spectroscopy techniques and theoretical calculations. The adsorption and the photocatalytic reduction of organic pollutants and the sorption/reduction of heavy metal ions are generally considered as the main methods to decrease the concentration of pollutants in the natural environment. This review highlights a new way for the real applications of novel nanomaterials in environmental pollution management, especially for the undergraduate students to understand the recent works in the elimination of different kinds of inorganic and organic chemicals in the natural environmental pollution management.

Key words： nanomaterials; sorption-reduction; photocatalytic degradation; organic pollutants; heavy metal ions

Acknowledgement

This project was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, under Grant No. KEP-19-130-40. The National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFC1900105) was acknowledged.

References

1 Yao T, Cui T, Wu J, Chen Q, Lu S, Sun K. Preparation of hierarchical porous polypyrrole nanoclusters and their application for removal of Cr(VI) ions in aqueous solution. Polymer Chemistry, 2011, 2(12): 2893–2899

2 Wang X X, Li X, Wang J Q, Zhu H T. Recent advances in carbon nitride-based nanomaterials for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 260–270

3 Khan A, Wang J, Wang X, Li J, Chen Z, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Chen Y, Wang X. The role of graphene oxide and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in the removal of pharmaceuticals from aqueous media: A review. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 2017, 24(9): 7938–7958

4 Wang X, Chen L, Wang L, Fan Q, Pan D, Li J, Chi F, Yu S, Xie Y, Xiao C, Synthesis of novel nanomaterials and their application in efficient removal of radionuclides. Science China. Chemistry, 2019, 62(8): 933–967

5 Xu X, Huang Q, Mao Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Hu Q, Wang H, Wang X. Sensors for determination of uranium: A review. Trends in Analytical Chemistry, 2019, 118: 89–111

6 Zhu Y, Bai Z, Wang B, Zhai L, Luo W. Microfluidic synthesis of renewable biosorbent with highly comprehensive adsorption performance for copper(II). Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2017, 11(2): 238–251

7 Wang H, Chen Z, Zhang S, Li Q, Wang W, Zhao G, Zhuang L, Hu B, Wang X. Visible-light-driven N₂-g-C₃N₄ as a high stable and efficient photocatalyst for bisphenol A and Cr(VI) removal in binary systems. Catalysis Today, 2019, 335: 110–116

8 Zhang S, Gu P, Ma R, Luo C, Wen T, Zhao G, Cheng W, Wang X. Recent developments in fabrication and structure regulation of visible-light-driven g-C₃N₄-based photocatalysts towards water purification: A critical review. Catalysis Today, 2019, 335: 65–77

9 Pang H, Wu Y, Wang X, Hu B, Wang X. Recent advances in composites of graphene and layered double hydroxides for water remediation: A review. Chemistry, an Asian Journal, 2019, 14(15): 2542–2552

10 Peyravi M. Preparation of adsorptive nanoporous membrane using powder activated carbon: Isotherm and thermodynamic studies. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-019-1800-9

11 Ouni L, Ramazani A, Fardood S T. An overview of carbon nanotubes role in heavy metals removal from wastewater. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2019, 13(2): 274–295

12 Yin L, Hu Y, Ma R, Wen T, Wang X, Hu B, Yu Z, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Wang X. Smart construction of mesoporous carbon templated hierarchical Mg-Al and Ni-Al layered double hydroxides for remarkably enhanced U(VI) management. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 359: 1550–1562

13 Gu P, Zhao C, Wen T, Ai Y, Zhang S, Chen W, Wang J, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X, Highly U (VI) immobilization on polyvinyl pyrrolidine intercalated molybdenum disulfide: Experimental and computational studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 359: 1563–1572

14 Romanchuk A, Slesarev A, Kalmykov S, Kosynkin D, Tour J. Graphene oxide for effective radionuclide removal. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2013, 15(7): 2321–2327

15 Pang H, Diao Z, Wang X, Ma Y, Yu S, Zhu H, Chen Z, Hu B, Chen J, Wang X. Adsorptive and reductive removal of U(VI) by Dictyophora indusiate-derived biochar supported sulfide NZVI from wastewater. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 366: 368–377

16 Pakulski D, Czepa W, Witomska S, Aliprandi A, Pawluć P, Patroniak V, Ciesielski A, Samorì P. Graphene oxide-branched polyethylenimine foams for efficient removal of toxic cations from water. Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2018, 6(20): 9384–9390

17 Zhang Z, Dong Z, Wang X, Ying Y, Cao X, Wang Y, Hua R, Feng H, Chen J, Liu Y, Synthesis of ultralight phosphorylated carbon aerogel for efficient removal of U(VI): Batch and fixed-bed column studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 370: 1376–1387

18 Liu X, Ma R, Wang X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Zhuang L, Zhang S, Jehan R, Chen J, Wang X. Graphene-based composites for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution: A review. Environmental Pollution, 2019, 252: 62–73

19 Chandra V, Park J, Chun Y, Lee J, Hwang I, Kim K. Water-dispersible magnetite-reduced graphene oxide composites for arsenic removal. ACS Nano, 2010, 4(7): 3979–3986

20 Efome J, Rana D, Matsuura T, Lan C. Insight studies on metal-organic framework nanofibrous membrane adsorption and activation for heavy metal ions removal from aqueous solution. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2018, 10(22): 18619–18629

21 Yang S, Li Q, Chen L, Chen Z, Pu Z, Wang H, Yu S, Hu B, Chen J, Wang X. Ultrahigh sorption and reduction of Cr(VI) by two novel core-shell Fe₃O₄@MoS₂ and MoS₂@Fe₃O₄ composites. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 379: 120797

22 Chen W, Lu Z, Xiao B, Gu P, Yao W, Xing J, Asiri A M, Alamry K A, Wang X, Wang S. Enhanced removal of lead ions from aqueous solution by iron oxide nanomaterials with cobalt and nickel doping. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 211: 1250–1258

23 Yin L, Hu B, Zhuang L, Fu D, Li J, Hayat T, Alsaedi A, Wang X. Synthesis of flexible cross-linked cryptomelane-type manganese oxide nanowire membranes and their application for U(VI) and Eu(III) elimination from solutions. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 381: 122744

24 Li J, Wang X, Zhao G, Chen C, Chai Z, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X. Metal-organic framework-based materials: Superior adsorbents for the capture of toxic and radioactive metal ions. Chemical Society Reviews, 2018, 47(7): 2322–2356

25 Fan L, Luo C, Sun M, Qiu H. Synthesis of graphene oxide decorated with magnetic cyclodextrin for fast chromium removal. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012, 22(47): 24577–24583

26 Kassaee M, Motamedi E, Majdi M. Magnetic Fe₃O₄-graphene oxide/polystyrene: Fabrication and characterization of a promising nanocomposite. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011, 172(1): 540–549

27 Gu P, Zhang S, Zhang C, Wang X, Khan A, Wen W, Hu B, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X. Two-dimensional MAX-derived titanate nanostructures for efficient removal of Pb(II). Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England), 2019, 48(6): 2100–2107

28 Wang J, Ai Y, Gu P, Wang X, Li Q, Yu S, Chen Y, Yu Z, Wang X. Efficient elimination of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using sodium dodecyl sulfate intercalated molybdenum disulfide. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2019, 175: 251–262

29 Zhang S, Liu Y, Gu P, Ma R, Wen T, Zhao G, Li L, Ai Y, Hu C, Wang X. Enhanced photodegradation of toxic organic pollutants using dual-oxygen-doped porous g-C₃N₄: Mechanism exploration from both experimental and DFT studies. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2019, 248: 1–10

30 Pan B, Xing B S. Adsorption mechanisms of organic chemicals on carbon nanotubes. Environmental Science & Technology, 2008, 42(24): 9005–9013

31 Rao G P, Lu C, Su F. Sorption of divalent metal ions from aqueous solution by carbon nanotubes: A review. Separation and Purification Technology, 2007, 58(1): 224–231

32 Zhao G, Jiang L, He Y, Li J, Dong H, Wang X, Hu W. Sulfonated graphene for persistent aromatic pollutant management. Advanced Materials, 2011, 23(34): 3959–3963

33 Zhao G, Li J, Ren X, Chen C, Wang X. Few-layered graphene oxide nanosheets as superior sorbents for heavy metal ion pollution management. Environmental Science & Technology, 2011, 45(24): 10454–10462

34 Wang W, Wang X, Xing J, Gong Q, Wang H, Che Z, Ai Y, Wang X. Multi-heteroatom doped graphene-like carbon nanospheres with 3D inverse opal structure: A promising bisphenol-A remediation material. Environmental Science. Nano, 2019, 6(3): 809–819

35 Ai Y, Liu Y, Huo Y, Zhao C, Sun L, Han B, Bao X, Wang X. Insights into the adsorption mechanism and dynamic behavior of tetracycline antibiotics on reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and graphene oxide (GO) materials. Environmental Science. Nano, 2019, 6(11): 3336–3348

36 Wei D, Zhao C, Khan A, Sun L, Ji Y, Ai Y, Wang X. Sorption mechanism and dynamic behavior of graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of chlorophenol based environmental-hormonies: A DFT and MD simulation study. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 370: 121964

37 Wang J, Chen Z, Chen B. Adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by graphene and graphene oxide nanosheets. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(9): 4817–4825

38 Wang X, Yu S, Jin J, Wang H, Alharbi N S, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X. Application of graphene oxides and graphene oxide-based nanomaterials in radionuclide removal from aqueous solutions. Science Bulletin, 2016, 61(20): 1583–1593

39 Wang L, Yuan L, Chen K, Zhang Y, Deng Q, Du Y, Huang Q, Zheng L, Zhang J, Chai Z, Barsoum M W, Wang X, Shi W. Loading actinides in multi-layered structures for nuclear waste treatment: The first case study of uranium capture with vanadium carbide MXene. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2016, 8(25): 16396–16403

40 Wang L, Song H, Yuan L, Li Z, Zhang P, Gibson J, Zheng L, Wang H, Chai Z, Shi W. Effective removal of anionic Re(VII) by surface-modified Ti₂CT_x MXene nanocomposites: Implications for Tc(II) sequestration. Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53(7): 3739–3747

41 Li S, Wang L, Peng J, Zhai M, Shi W. Efficient thorium(IV) removal by two-dimensional Ti₂CT_x MXene from aqueous solution. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 366: 192–199

42 Du Y, Wei L, Wang Y, Zhang X, Ye S. Efficient removal of Pb(II) by Ti₃C₂T_x powder modified with a silane coupling agent. Journal of Materials Science, 2019, 54(20): 13283–13297

43 Liu X, Chen G R, Lee D J, Kawamoto T, Tanaka H, Chen M L, Luo Y K. Adsorption removal of cesium from drinking waters: A mini review on use of biosorbents and other adsorbents. Bioresource Technology, 2014, 160: 142–149

44 Aguila B, Banerjee D, Nie Z, Shin Y, Ma S, Thallapally P K. Selective removal of cesium and strontium using porous frameworks from high level nuclear waste. Chemical Communications (Cambridge), 2016, 52(35): 5940–5942

45 Sheng D, Zhu L, Xu C, Xiao C, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Diwu J, Chen J, Chai Z, Albrecht-Schmitt T E, Wang S. Efficient and selective uptake of TcO₄^‒ by a cationic metal-organic framework material with open Ag⁺ sites. Environmental Science & Technology, 2017, 51(6): 3471–3479

46 Zhu L, Sheng D, Xu C, Dai X, Silver M A, Li J, Li P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Identifying the recognition site for selective trapping of Tc-99 in a hydrolytically stable and radiation resistant cationic metal-organic framework. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2017, 139(42): 14873–14876

47 Zhu L, Xiao C, Dai X, Li J, Gui D, Sheng D, Chen L, Zhou R, Chai Z, Albrecht-Schmitt T E, Wang S. Exceptional perrhenate/pertechnetate uptake and subsequent immobilization by a low-dimensional cationic coordination polymer: Overcoming the Hofmeister bias selectivity. Environmental Science & Technology Letters, 2017, 4(7): 316–322

48 Li Y, Yang Z, Wang Y, Bai Z, Zheng T, Dai X, Liu S, Gui D, Liu W, Chen M, et al. A mesoporous cationic thorium-organic framework that rapidly traps anionic persistent organic pollutants. Nature Communications, 2017, 8(1): 1354

49 Wang Y, Liu W, Bai Z, Zheng T, Silver M A, Li Y, Wang Y, Wang X, Diwu J, Chai Z, Wang S. Employing an unsaturated Th⁴⁺ site in a porous thorium-organic framework for Kr/Xe uptake and separation. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2018, 57(20): 5783–5787

50 Lv Z, Fan Q, Xie Y, Chen Z, Alsaedi A, Hayat T, Wang X, Chen C. MOFs-derived magnetic chestnut shell-like hollow sphere NiO/Ni@C composites and their removal performance for arsenic(V). Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 362: 413–421

51 Wang N C, Wang J, Zhang P, Wang W B, Sun C C, Xiao L, Chen C, Zhao B, Kong Q R, Zhu B K. Metal cation removal by P(VC-r-AA) copolymer ultrafiltration membranes. Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering, 2018, 12(2): 262–272

52 Efome J E, Rana D, Matsuura T, Lan C Q. Effects of operating parameters and coexisting ions on the efficiency of heavy metal ions removal by nano-fibrous metal-organic framework membrane filtration process. Science of the Total Environment, 2019, 674: 355–362

53 Efome J E, Rana D, Matsuura T, Lan C Q. Experiment and modeling ofr flus and permeate concentration of heavy metal ion in adsorptive membrane filtration using a metal-organic framework incorporate nanofibrous membrane. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2018, 352: 737–744

54 Zhong X, Liang W, Hu B. Highly efficient enrichment mechanism of U(VI) and Eu(III) by covalent organic frameworks with intramolecular hydrogen-bonding from solutions. Applied Surface Science, 2020, 504: 144403

55 Bai C, Li J, Liu S, Yang X, Yang X, Tian Y, Cao K, Huang Y, Ma L, Li S. In situ preparation of nitrogen-rich and functional ultramicroporous carbonaceous COFs by “segregated” microwave irradiation. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2014, 197: 148–155

56 Zhang M, Li Y, Bai C, Guo X, Han J, Hu S, Jiang H, Tan W, Li S, Ma L. Synthesis of microporous covalent phosphazene-based frameworks for selective separation of uranium in highly acidic media based on size-matching effect. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2018, 10(34): 28936–28947

57 Li B, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Abney C W, Aguila B, Lin W, Ma S. Functionalized porous aromatic framework for efficient uranium adsorption from aqueous solutions. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 2017, 9(14): 12511–12517

58 Wei D, Li J, Chen Z, Liang J, Ma J, Wei M, Ai Y, Wang X. Understanding bisphenol-A adsorption in magnetic modified covalent organic frameworks: Experiments coupled with DFT calculations. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2020, 301: 112431

59 Xu J, Xu X, Zhao H, Luo G. Microfluidic preparation of chitosan microspheres with enhanced adsorption performance of copper(II). Sensors and Actuators. B, Chemical, 2013, 183: 201–210

60 Wang B, Zhu Y, Bai Z, Luque R, Xuan J. Functionalized chitosan biosorbents with ultra-high performance, mechanical strength and tunable selectivity for heavy metals in wastewater treatment. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017, 325: 350–359

61 Ngah W S W, Teong L C, Hanafiah M A K M. Adsorption of dyes and heavy metal ions by chitosan composites: A review. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2011, 83(4): 1446–1456

62 Wang L, Song H, Yuan L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Gibson J, Zheng L, Chai Z, Shi W. Efficient U(VI) reduction and sequestration by Ti₂CT_x MXene. Environmental Science & Technology, 2018, 52(18): 10748–10756

63 Wang H, Guo H, Zhang N, Chen Z, Hu B, Wang X. Enhanced Photoreduction of U(VI) on C₃N₄ by Cr(VI) and Bisphenol A: ESR, XPS and EXAFS investigation. Environmental Science & Technology, 2019, 53(11): 6454–6461

64 Yu S, Wang S, Liu Y, Chen Z, Wu Y, Liu Y, Pang H, Song G, Chen J, Wang X. Efficient removal of uranium(VI) by layered double hydroxides supported nanoscale zero-valent iron: A combined experimental and spectroscopic studies. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 365: 51–59

65 Zhu F, Li L, Ren W, Deng X, Liu T. Effect of pH, temperature, humic acid and coexisting anions on reduction of Cr(VI) in the soil leachate by nZVI/Ni bimetal material. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 227: 444–450

66 Yang S Y, Li Q, Chen Z S, Hu B W, Wang H H, Wang X K. Synergistic removal and reduction of U(VI) and Cr(VI) by Fe₃S₄ micro-crystal. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 385: 123909

67 Sheng G, Alsaedi A, Shammakh W, Monaquel S, Sheng J, Wang X, Li H, Huang Y. Enhanced sequestration of selenite in water by nanoscale zero valent iron immobilization on carbon nanotubes by a combined batch, XPS and XAFS investigation. Carbon, 2016, 99: 123–130

68 Pang H, Wu Y, Huang S, Li S, Wang X, Yu S, Chen Z, Song G, Ding C, Wang X. Macroscopic and microscopic investigation of uranium elimination by Ca-Mg-Al-layered double hydroxide supported nanoscale zero valent iron. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers, 2018, 5(10): 2657–2665

69 Wang J Q, Pang H W, Tang H, Yu S J, Zhu H T, Wang X X. Recent advances in carbon nitride-based nanomaterials for the removal of heavy metal ions and radionuclides from aqueous solution. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 373–380

70 Shu H, Chang M, Chen C, Chen P. Using resin supported nano zero-valent iron particles for decoloration of acid blue 113 azo dye solution. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2010, 184(1–3): 499–505

71 Li J H, Yang L X, Li J Q, Yin W H, Tao Y, Wu H Q, Luo F. Anchoring nZVI on metal organic framework for removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution. Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 2019, 269: 16–23

72 Guo Z, Zhou J, Zhu L, Sun Z. MXene: A promising photocatalyst for water splitting. Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2016, 4(29): 11446–11452

73 Iqbal M A, Tariq A, Zaheer A, Gul S, Ali S I, Iqbal M Z, Akinwande D, Rizwan S. Ti₃C₂-MXene/Bismuth ferrite nanohybrids for efficient degradation of organic dyes and colorless pollutants. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(24): 20530–20539

74 Yuan X, Zhou C, Jing Q, Tang Q, Mu Y, Du A K. Facile synthesis of g-C₃N₄ nanosheets/ZnO nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic activity in reduction of aqueous chromium(VI) under visible light. Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2016, 6(9): 173–185

75 Raziq F, Qu Y, Humayun M, Zada A, Yu H, Jing L. Synthesis of SnO₂/B-P codoped g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites as efficient cocatalyst-free visible-light photocatalysts for CO₂ conversion and pollutant degradation. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2017, 201: 486–494

76 Wang Y, Wang H, Chen F, Cao F, Zhao X, Meng S, Cui Y. Facile synthesis of oxygen doped carbon nitride hollow microsphere for photocatalysis. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2017, 206: 417–425

77 Dutta D P, Dagar D. Efficient selective sorption of cationic organic pollutant from water and its photocatalytic degradation by AlVO₄/ g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2020, 20(4): 2179–2194

78 Du X Y, Bai X, Xu L, Yang L, Jin P K. Visible-light activation of persulfate by TiO₂/g-C₃N₄ photocatalyst toward efficient degradation of micropollutants. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 384: 123245

79 Nguyen T B, Huang C P, Doong R A, Chen C W, Dong C D. Visible-light photodegradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) over Ag-P-codoped g-C₃N₄ (Ag-P@UCN) photocatalyst in water. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2020, 384: 123383

80 Sridharan K, Jang E, Park T J. Novel visible light active graphitic C₃N₄-TiO₂ composite photocatalyst: Synergistic synthesis, growth and photocatalytic treatment of hazardous pollutants. Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2013, 142-143: 718–728

81 Wang H, Chen Z, Zhang S, Li Q, Wang W, Zhao G, Zhuang L, Hu B, Wang X. Visible-light-driven N₂-g-C₃N₄ as a high stable and efficient photocatalyst for bisphenol A and Cr(VI) removal in binary systems. Catalysis Today, 2019, 335: 110–116

82 Zhang S, Song S, Gu P, Ma R, Wei D, Zhao G, Wen T, Jehan R, Hu B, Wang X. Visible-light-driven activation of persulfate over cyano and hydroxyl groups co-modified mesoporous g-C₃N₄ for boosting bisphenol A degradation. Journal of Materials Chemistry. A, Materials for Energy and Sustainability, 2019, 7(10): 5552–5560

83 Wang L, Tao W Q, Yuan L Y, Liu Z R, Huang Q, Chai Z F, Gibson J K, Shi W Q. Rational control of the interlayer space inside two-dimensional titanium carbides for highly efficient uranium removal and imprisonment. Chemical Communications (Cambridge), 2017, 53(89): 12084–12087

84 Fan M, Wang L, Pei C X, Shi W Q. Alkalization intercalation of MXene for electrochemical detection of uranyl ion. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2019, 34(1): 85–90

85 Zhao C F, Jin J R, Huo Y Z, Sun L, Ai Y J. Adsorpiton of phenolic organic pollutants on graphene oxide: A Molecular dynamics study. Journal of Inorganic Materials, 2020, 35(3): 277–283