Ball milling promoted direct liquefaction of lignocellulosic biomass in supercritical ethanol

Abstract

In the present work, ball milling was applied for the pretreatment of lignocellulose to obtain high conversion and bio-oil yield in supercritical ethanol. Ball milling substantially decreased the crystallinity and particle size of lignocellulose, thereby improving its accessibility in ethanol solvent. An increased bio-oil yield of 59.2% was obtained for the ball milled camphorwood sawdust at 300°C, compared with 39.6% for the original lignocellulose. Decreased crystallinity significantly benefited the conversion of the cellulose component from 60.8% to 91.7%, and decreased particle size was beneficial for the conversion of all components. The obtained bio-oil had a high phenolic content, as analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Methoxylation and retro-aldol condensation were observed during alcoholysis, and the reaction pathways of lignocellulose in supercritical ethanol were attributed to the action of free radicals.

Key words： ball milling; lignocellulose; supercritical ethanol; liquefaction; bio-oil

Acknowledgement

This work is supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21336008) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2018SCU12002).

Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11705-019-1841-0 and is accessible for authorized users.

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