Mass transport mechanisms within pervaporation membranes

Abstract

Pervaporation is an energy-efficient membrane technology for separating liquid molecules of similar physical properties, which may compete or combine with distillation separation technology in a number of applications. With the rapid development of new membrane materials, the pervaporation performance was significantly improved. Fundamental understanding of the mass transport mechanisms is crucial for the rational design of membrane materials and efficient intensification of pervaporation process. Based on the interactions between permeate molecules and membranes, this review focuses on two categories of mass transport mechanisms within pervaporation membranes: physical mechanism (solution-diffusion mechanism, molecular sieving mechanism) and chemical mechanism (facilitated transport mechanism). Furthermore, the optimal integration and evolution of different mass transport mechanisms are briefly introduced. Material selection and relevant applications are highlighted under the guidance of mass transport mechanisms. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives are tentatively identified.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

pervaporation membrane / mass transport mechanisms / physical mechanism / chemical mechanism

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21621004, 21490583, and 21576189), the State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes (Tianjin Polytechnic University) (No. M2-201606), the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 21125627), the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (No. SKL-ChE-17B01) and the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (No. B06006).

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