The preparation and performance of lignin-based activated carbon fiber adsorbents for treating gaseous streams

Abstract

Two types of lignin-based carbon fibers were prepared by electrospinning method. The first was activated with Fe₃O₄ (LCF-Fe), and the second was not activated with Fe₃O₄ (LCF). Gas phase adsorption isotherms for toluene on LCF-Fe and LCF were studied. The gas phase adsorption isotherm for 0% RH showed LCF-Fe have about 439 mg/g adsorption capacity which was close to that of commercially available activated carbon (500 mg/g). The Dubinin-Radushkevich equation described the isotherm data very well. Competitive adsorption isotherms between water vapor and toluene were measured for their RH from 0 to 80%. The effect of humidity on toluene gas-phase adsorption was predicted by using the Okazaki et al. model. In addition, a constant pattern homogeneous surface diffusion model (CPHSDM) was used to predict the toluene breakthrough curve of continuous flow-packed columns containing LCF-Fe, and its capacity was 412 mg/g. Our study, which included material characterization, adsorption isotherms, kinetics, the impact of humidity and fixed bed performance modeling, demonstrated the suitability of lignin-based carbon fiber for volatile organic compound removal from gas streams.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

lignin / carbon fiber / electrospinning / toluene / humidity

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Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg