INTERCROPPING SUSTAINABLY INCREASES YIELDS AND SOIL FERTILITY

References

[1] BrookerR W, BennettA E, CongW F, DaniellT J, GeorgeT S, HallettP D, HawesC, IannettaP P M, JonesH G, KarleyA J, LiL, McKenzie B M, PakemanR J, PatersonE, SchöbC, ShenJ, SquireG, WatsonC A, ZhangC, ZhangF, ZhangJ, WhiteP J. Improving intercropping: a synthesis of research in agronomy, plant physiology and ecology. New Phytologist, 2015, 206( 1): 107– 117

[2] Li L, Liu Y X, Li X F. Intercropping to maximize root-root interactions in agricultural plants. In: Rengel Z, Djalovic I, eds. The Root Systems in Sustainable Agricultural Intensificatio. Hoboken: Wiley Blackwell, 2021, 309–328

[3] LiL, Li S M, SunJ H, ZhouL L, BaoX G, ZhangH G, ZhangF S. Diversity enhances agricultural productivity via rhizosphere phosphorus facilitation on phosphorus-deficient soils. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007, 104( 27): 11192– 11196

[4] LiB, Li Y Y, WuH M, ZhangF F, LiC J, LiX X, LambersH, LiL. Root exudates drive interspecific facilitation by enhancing nodulation and N₂ fixation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016, 113( 23): 6496– 6501

[5] LiC, Hoffland E, KuyperT W, YuY, Zhang C, LiH, ZhangF, van der WerfW. Syndromes of production in intercropping impact yield gains. Nature Plants, 2020, 6( 6): 653– 660

[6] RenardD, TilmanD. National food production stabilized by crop diversity. Nature, 2019, 571( 7764): 257– 260

[7] Li X F, Wang Z G, Bao X G, Sun J H, Yang S C, Wang P, Wang C B, Wu J P, Liu X R, Tian X L, Wang Y, Li J P, Wang Y, Xia H Y, Mei P P, Wang X F, Zhao J H, Yu R P, Zhang W P, Che Z X, Gui L G, Callaway R M, Tilman D, Li L. Long-term increased grain yield and soil fertility from intercropping. Nature Sustainability, 2021 doi: 10.1038/s41893-021-00767-7

[8] TilmanD, ReichP B, KnopsJ M H. Biodiversity and ecosystem stability in a decade-long grassland experiment. Nature, 2006, 441( 7093): 629– 632

[9] RoscherC, WeigeltA, ProulxR, MarquardE, SchumacherJ, WeisserW W, SchmidB. Identifying population- and community-level mechanisms of diversity-stability relationships in experimental grasslands. Journal of Ecology, 2011, 99( 6): 1460– 1469

[10] ZhouB R, LiS, Li F, DongS K, MaF L, ZhuS C, ZhouH K, StufkensP. Plant functional groups asynchrony keep the community biomass stability along with the climate change—a 20-year experimental observation of alpine meadow in eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2019, 282 : 49– 57

[11] SchnabelF, SchwarzJ A, Dănescu A, FichtnerA, NockC A, BauhusJ, PotvinC. Drivers of productivity and its temporal stability in a tropical tree diversity experiment. Global Change Biology, 2019, 25( 12): 4257– 4272

[12] TiemannL K, GrandyA S, AtkinsonE E, Marin-SpiottaE, McDanielM D. Crop rotational diversity enhances belowground communities and functions in an agroecosystem. Ecology Letters, 2015, 18( 8): 761– 771

[13] LangeM, EisenhauerN, SierraC A, BesslerH, EngelsC, GriffithsR I, Mellado-VázquezP G, MalikA A, RoyJ, Scheu S, SteinbeissS, ThomsonB C, TrumboreS E, GleixnerG. Plant diversity increases soil microbial activity and soil carbon storage. Nature Communications, 2015, 6( 1): 6707

[14] DybzinskiR, FargioneJ E, ZakD R, FornaraD, TilmanD. Soil fertility increases with plant species diversity in a long-term biodiversity experiment. Oecologia, 2008, 158( 1): 85– 93

[15] CongW F, van RuijvenJ, MommerL, De DeynG B, BerendseF, HofflandE. Plant species richness promotes soil carbon and nitrogen stocks in grasslands without legumes. Journal of Ecology, 2014, 102( 5): 1163– 1170

[16] WanN F, ZhengX R, FuL W, KiærL P, ZhangZ, Chaplin-KramerR, DaineseM, TanJ, Qiu S Y, HuY Q, TianW D, NieM, Ju R T, DengJ Y, JiangJ X, CaiY M, LiB. Global synthesis of effects of plant species diversity on trophic groups and interactions. Nature Plants, 2020, 6( 5): 503– 510

[17] ZhuY, Chen H, FanJ, WangY, LiY, Chen J, FanJ, YangS, HuL, Leung H, MewT W, TengP S, WangZ, MundtC C. Genetic diversity and disease control in rice. Nature, 2000, 406( 6797): 718– 722

[18] IsbellF, AdlerP R, EisenhauerN, FornaraD, KimmelK, KremenC, LetourneauD K, LiebmanM, PolleyH W, QuijasS, Scherer-LorenzenM. Benefits of increasing plant diversity in sustainable agroecosystems. Journal of Ecology, 2017, 105( 4): 871– 879

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

The Author(s) 2021. Published by Higher Education Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)