Foxtail millet: nutritional and eating quality, and prospects for genetic improvement

Abstract

Foxtail millet is a minor yet important crop in some areas of the world, particularly northern China. It has strong adaptability to abiotic stresses, especially drought, and poor soil. It also has high nutritional value. Foxtail millet is rich in essential amino acids, fatty acids and minerals, and is considered to be one of the most digestible and non-allergenic grains available and has significant importance for human health. Given foxtail millet’s ability to adapt to abiotic stresses associated with climate change, it is more important than ever to develop breeding strategies that facilitate the increasing demand for high quality grain that better satisfies consumers. Here we review research on foxtail millet quality evaluation, appearance, cooking and eating quality at the phenotypic level. We review analysis of the main nutrients in foxtail millet, their relationships and the biochemical and genetic factors affecting their accumulation. In addition, we review past progress in breeding this regionally important crop, outline current status of breeding of foxtail millet, and make suggestions to improve grain quality.

Keywords

foxtail millet / grain quality / quality evaluation / breeding for quality

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Prof. Donald Grierson, Dr. Rupert Fray and Miss Natalia Przelomska for their help with the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31371693, 31471502, 31471556), Shanxi Key Project (20120311005-3), Shanxi Science and Technology Platform fund (2012091004-0103), Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China for Oversea Returnees (2010041, 2010050), the Joint Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, Ministry of Education (20131403110001).

Lu He, Bin Zhang, Xingchun Wang, Hongying Li and Yuanhuai Han declare that they have no conflict of interest or financial conflicts to disclose.

This article is a review and does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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