The tsarist government did not pay serious attention to the medical care of the workers. For 160 million population in the country there were only 208 thousand beds and 28 thousand doctors. Medical care was especially poorly organized on the outskirts of Russia.

The 24th Congress of the CPSU has set important tasks for medical science, the solution of which will sharply intensify the development of the most important problems of medicine and health care in our country. An important role in this is called upon to play the teams of scientific workers of the institutions of the Ministry of Health of the RSFSR.

In modern tumor immunology, two closely related, but still independent problems should be distinguished - the analysis of the antigenic structure of tumor cells and the immunological relationship between the tumor and the organism in which it develops.

Questions arising in the diagnosis of primary malignant neoplasms of the liver are still relevant. Particularly difficult for the clinician is the task of differential diagnosis between liver cirrhosis, abscess and primary cancer and liver sarcoma.

The intravital diagnosis of primary liver cancer is still very difficult, despite the presence of such valuable auxiliary diagnostic methods as puncture biopsy, laparoscopy, scanning, etc. The relative rarity, the difficulty of timely diagnosis and the complete futility of therapy determined the poor attention of doctors to this serious illness.

In the course of our work, we tried to find out the nature of changes in the indicators of certain types of metabolism in patients with brain tumors and possible features of metabolic disorders depending on the localization, histological nature and stage of the tumor process.

A number of authors assign bronchoscopy an important place in determining the operability of lung cancer. Among endoscopic symptoms, most surgeons distinguish between absolute and relative signs. There are significant contradictions in the assessment of the symptoms revealed during bronchoscopy - some authors consider similar symptoms to be absolute, others - as relative signs of inoperability.

Until recently, the leading role in the in vivo detection of destructive processes of the skeletal system belonged to X-ray examination. However, despite significant advances in the diagnosis of primary and secondary tumor lesions of the skeleton, this method cannot be considered perfect, since it allows detecting bone tissue lesions during decalcification in 30–45% [5, 12].

The clinical picture of the general radiation response of the body and dysfunction of the central nervous system when the head area is irradiated with therapeutic doses for malignant tumors is widely presented in the literature (P, 2]. Pathological and experimental work revealed significant inflammatory and degenerative changes not only in the tissues of the brain and spinal cord, but also in the peripheral nerve trunks, nodes and, mainly, in the afferent nerve structures of the skin and mucous membrane in the irradiated area. However, the regional local reaction of the nervous system to irradiation of the eyelid region has not been studied.

A small number of works are devoted to the study of the amino acid composition of blood serum after surgery, which mainly concern changes in the amino acid composition of blood in the long term after surgery [1].

The present study is devoted to the study of the effect of prednisone on gastric secretory function in gastritis with secretory insufficiency in 120 patients. Prednisolone was prescribed 0.005 three times a day for 3 weeks (0.315 per course).

Back in 1892, Ryabitser reported a combination of lymphatic leukemia with diabetes mellitus. Burger and Kohl (1933) isolated an anti-insulin compound with a trypsin-like action from leukemic leukocytes. Mayor (1970) revealed changes in carbohydrate metabolism by diabetic type in patients with leukemia and cancer. He proved that in a number of cases with leukemic infiltration of the pancreas, radiation therapy led to a decrease in this specific change, and at the same time normalized pathological changes in carbohydrate metabolism.

Despite significant advances in the technical improvement of operations for kidney and ureteral stones, relapses of kidney stones are still often observed. The issues of nephrolithiasis prevention are still unresolved.

Although amyloidosis has been known for over 100 years, its diagnosis is still difficult. Clinically, the diagnosis is usually made only in the 3rd or 4th stage. But even in these stages, clinical data do not allow us to speak about the reliability of the diagnosis of amyloidosis.

The question of the treatment of patients with traumatic urethral strictures is currently controversial. There is no consensus regarding the choice of the type of operation. Until now, ineffective treatment methods are used, leading to frequent and early relapse of the disease. The prevention of relapses of narrowing, which is very characteristic of this disease, is also not being actively pursued. In the special literature, one can find the most contradictory opinions regarding the indications for a particular method of treatment.

Crumpy often occur with hypocalcemic conditions, with violations of water-salt metabolism, myotonia, obliterating endarteritis, varicose veins and many other diseases. Some authors have noted the possibility of their appearance in lumbar osteochondrosis. The present report is devoted to the clinical features and some pathogenetic mechanisms of crampy in discogenic lumbar syndromes.

Since the introduction of epontol (propanidide) into medical practice, many researchers began to believe that the ideal drug was finally found for both short-term intravenous anesthesia and for induction during endotracheal anesthesia.

Subcutaneously injected nitrous oxide can induce analgesia while still conscious. In recent years, this method has been widely used in surgery for the treatment of peritonitis, in neurosurgery for brain injury, in the complex treatment of patients with lumbosacral radiculitis [2, 3].

The lymphatic system plays a leading role in the spread of tuberculosis infection. If the superficial lymph nodes are easily palpable, then deeply located (pelvic and retroperitoneal) are not palpable.

Currently, the main reason for complications in childbirth is the violation of the contractile activity of the uterus. Meanwhile, the question of the origin and regulation of labor activity remains largely unclear.

We studied the permeability of the placental barrier for glucose and CaCl2 by intravenous administration of 40% glucose solution (20 ml) and 10% CaCl2 solution (10 ml) to a woman in labor for 1-5 and 5-10 minutes. before the birth of a child during physiological childbirth.

At present, the arsenal of narcotic drugs has become so enriched that it has become possible to approach the choice of the method of pain relief for manual intrauterine interventions in the third stage of labor in a differentiated manner. The main method of anesthesia in the III stage of labor remains mask ether anesthesia.

In previous studies of the employees of our clinic, the known value of determining the general nonspecific body resistance in women undergoing septicopyemia of various etiologies was established by systematic monitoring of the degree of activity of the properdin system [8].

Due to a number of side effects of steroid hormones and the complications they cause, their external use often becomes the only possible method of influencing the skin process in patients burdened with internal pathology (tuberculosis, stomach ulcers, diabetes mellitus, severe hypertension, etc.), since when hormones are used in limited areas of the skin, there are no symptoms of resorptive action.

We studied in an experiment on 39 male dogs the expediency of alloplasty of the urethra with various synthetic materials (terelen, vinyl chloride, polyethylene). The duration of observation of the operated animals is up to 2 years.

We conducted a series of experiments with the study of the functional state of the upper urinary tract according to the data of excretory urography in dynamics at different periods after transection and stitching of the ureter. The experiments were carried out on 10 dogs.

Numerous studies have shown that the sensitive nerve endings - mechanoreceptors - are characterized by high activity of cholinesterases, which are apparently related to the process of perception.

In order to clarify the specific features of the organization of prevention of industrial injuries in the system of the TATNEFT association, we carried out hygienic studies on drilling rigs and analysis of injuries among workers of drilling crews in 1966-1970.

The desire for an integral assessment of processes led to a wider use of immunological techniques and the study of immunological problems in relation to the physiology and pathophysiology of the stomach. The analysis of the data obtained can be carried out in two directions - by immunological methods and by nosological forms. This review is devoted to the immunological aspect of the problem of chronic gastritis in its experimental and clinical projections.

This review summarizes the data on the toxicity of lithium, the materials of the experimental physiological study of the effect of its compounds on a number of body functions, and, finally, information on the therapeutic use of lithium salts.

It is known that an increase in pressure in the veins of the neck is accompanied by an increase in blood volume in the eye and an increase in ophthalmotonus. The increase in the latter and in the volume of the eye with dosed compression of the cervical veins can, to a certain extent, serve as an indicator characterizing the state of the intraocular vessels and the tone of their walls.

During the years of Soviet power, the mortality rate of children in the first year of life dropped sharply. However, a further decrease in it is currently an urgent problem of Soviet health care.

We have studied the morbidity of collective farmers with temporary disability in 138 collective farms of the Tatar ASSR in 1968. The average annual number of collective farmers in these farms, according to annual reports, was 62,628 people.

According to the materials of the Kazan city ambulance station, in 1967 cardiovascular diseases accounted for 33% of the total number of sudden illnesses, in 1968 - 34%, in 1969 - 38%, in 1970 - 38.8%, and in 1971 - 42%. According to the materials of the ambulance station in Leningrad, this percentage is 38, Sverdlovsk - 43.6, Kiev - 48, Moscow - 46.5.

At the enterprises of the furniture industry, nitro varnishes, polyester paraffin varnish and paints are widely used for topcoats. The following chemicals are emitted in the finishing workshops: styrene, esters, benzene, toluene, maleic anhydride, dimethylalanine, methyl methacrylate, hydroperoxides, and in some areas - phenolic and polyester plastic dust.

In the pathogenesis of various diseases, along with the specific mechanisms of their occurrence, a huge role is played by disorders of energy metabolism in the cells of the affected organ and in the body as a whole.

For 6 days (from 2 / ѴII to 7 / VII 1972), the IX International Congress of Gerontologists was held in Kiev, convened by the Soviet National Organizing Committee, M3 USSR, AMS USSR and M3 Ukrainian SSR. The Congress was attended by 3000 delegates from 43 countries; at 138 sessions (4 plenary, 68 section, 33 symposia and 33 discussion troupes) 672 reports from 25 countries of the world were heard.

On 17 / ІѴ 1972, a meeting of the board of the Ministry of Health of the TASSR was held with a discussion of the state and further development of the infectious service. The main infectious disease specialist of the Ministry of Health of the TASSR, Assoc. D. Sh. Enaleeva. She noted that over the past 10 years in the TASSR, the number of beds in infectious diseases departments has increased by 41.5%, the number of bacteriological laboratories has increased, and the network of special vaccination rooms has grown. Much attention was paid in the report to the analysis of the work of the infectious service in the regions of the TASSR.

And in our time, superstition, occult thinking and quackery have not yet died, but only adapted to new conditions. In this thematic collection of articles, based on a large amount of factual material and from a critical standpoint, the following are discussed: diagnosis of diseases by the iris of the eye, astrological horoscopes, occult language, homeopathy, "star" pendulum, "magic" rod, devices against the "rays of the earth", telepathy, clairvoyance , the system of yogis, "black books of Moses".

Professor NA Vinogradov (1831 - 1886) graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow University and was drafted into the army, and subsequently seconded to the therapeutic clinic of the St. Petersburg Medical-Surgical Academy.

Professor NK Goryaev (1875-1943) made a valuable contribution to medical science and, above all, to hematology. He was one of the founders of this field of medicine and a generally recognized authority in our country and abroad. According to the unanimous opinion of the majority of researchers, the grid he proposed for counting blood cells ("Goryaev's grid") is still the most accurate and convenient to use.

The number of drugs is constantly growing. We still do not know everything about the effect of medicinal substances on a healthy and sick organism, on the fetus of pregnant women, on children and the elderly. Many modern drugs have a powerful effect on the body.

The monograph was recommended for publication by the Editorial and Publishing Council under the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences. It highlights the issues of the etiology and pathogenesis of late toxicosis, pathophysiological and clinical changes in the body of pregnant women, with special attention paid to disorders in the nervous and vascular systems, which, in the author's opinion, determine the nature, developmental characteristics and severity of the disease.