Devonian–Carboniferous Pillow OIB-Type Basalts in the Youjiang Basin, SW China: Implications for the Eastern Extension of the Paleo-Tethys Branch Ocean

Abstract

Late Paleozoic pillow basalts are well preserved in the Youjiang Basin of SW China. In this study, we conducted geochemical and Sr−Nd isotopic study on the Late Devonian and Late Carboniferous basalts in Napo area, Youjiang Basin. The analyzed samples comprise moderate SiO₂, TiO₂, Mg#, and REE contents, with slightly positive or negative Eu anomalies, similar to the chemical nature of OIB (Oceanic island basalt). All basalts show low (¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd)_i and (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i values, close to EMI-type (I-type Enriched Mantle) magma source. Late Carboniferous basalts display higher (⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr)_i, Nb/Th, and lower ε _Nd(t), Zr/Nb values than those of the Late Devonian basalts, implying progressively decreased enrichment components in the magma source processes. Such evolution trend reflects a continuous lithospheric thinning event, supporting a progressive rifting setting of the Youjiang Basin along the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block in Late Paleozoic. Combined with regional geological background, the Youjiang Basin is viewed as a continental rift basin related to the opening of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in Late Devonian and became a passive continental margin basin in Carboniferous. The Paleo-Tethys branch ocean probably extended further to the southern Youjiang Basin, likely corresponding to the Song Ma suture zone.

Keywords

basalts / Late Paleozoic / Paleo-Tethys ocean / Youjiang Basin / geochemistry

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