Next-generation sustainable voided slabs with steel sheets and spiral plastic fiber reinforcement: Experimental and analytical investigation

Abstract

This study presents an experimental and analytical investigation of next-generation composite voided slabs reinforced with steel sheets and spiral waste plastic fibers. Thirteen slab specimens with three welded projection configurations and two novel shear connectors were analyzed through finite element (FE) modeling and validated by full-scale tests. Results showed that integrating steel sheets significantly enhanced structural performance, with ultimate load capacity improving by up to 50% compared to solid slabs and nearly 60% compared to conventional hollow-core slabs, reaching 370 kN. Deflection behavior varied with projection geometry; trapezoidal configurations exhibited 71% higher deflection than rectangular ones, offering adaptability for different structural requirements. Spiral waste plastic fibers enhanced ductility, increasing energy absorption by more than 40% and ductility ratios by up to 25%. The FE predictions showed strong agreement with experimental results, with maximum differences limited to 1% in load capacity and 5.7% in deflection. These findings confirm the proposed system as a sustainable and efficient alternative for future slab construction, combining improved strength, ductility, and crack control with the environmental benefits of recycled materials.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

voided slabs / steel sheets / shear connectors / spiral fibers / waste plastic fibers

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