2.5-dimension soil seismic response to oblique incident waves based on exact free-field solution

Abstract

With the three dimensional (3D) oblique incident waves exactly determined for the free field, the soil seismic responses in both frequency and time domains are studied by the 2.5 dimension (2.5D) finite/infinite element method. First, the free-field responses in frequency domain are solved exactly for 3D arbitrary incident P and SV waves, which requires no coordinate conversion or extra effort for SV waves with super-critical incident angles. Next, the earthquake spectra are incorporated by the concept of equivalent seismic forces on the near-field boundary, based only on the displacements input derived for unit ground accelerations of each frequency using the 2.5D approach. For the asymmetric 2.5D finite/infinite element model adopted, the procedure for soil seismic analysis is presented. The solutions computed by the proposed method are verified against those of Wolf’s and de Barros and Luco’s and for inversely calculated ground motions. Of interest is that abrupt variation in soil response occurs around the critical angle on the wave propagation plane for SV waves. In addition, the horizontal displacements attenuate with increasing horizontal incident angle, while the longitudinal ones increase inversely for 3D incident P and SV waves.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

3D oblique incident wave / seismic response analysis / 2.5D approach / infinite element / half-space

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Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgement

This research reported herein was sponsored by the following agencies: National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 52078082 and 52008057), Chongqing Science and Technology Commission (Nos. cstc2021yszx-jscxX0001 and 2022YSZX-JSX0004CSTB).

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