Free vibration analysis of functionally graded porous curved nanobeams on elastic foundation in hygro–thermo–magnetic environment

Abstract

Herein, a two-node beam element enriched based on the Lagrange and Hermite interpolation function is proposed to solve the governing equation of a functionally graded porous (FGP) curved nanobeam on an elastic foundation in a hygro–thermo–magnetic environment. The material properties of curved nanobeams change continuously along the thickness via a power-law distribution, and the porosity distributions are described by an uneven porosity distribution. The effects of magnetic fields, temperature, and moisture on the curved nanobeam are assumed to result in axial loads and not affect the mechanical properties of the material. The equilibrium equations of the curved nanobeam are derived using Hamilton’s principle based on various beam theories, including the classical theory, first-order shear deformation theory, and higher-order shear deformation theory, and the nonlocal elasticity theory. The accuracy of the proposed method is verified by comparing the results obtained with those of previous reliable studies. Additionally, the effects of different parameters on the free vibration behavior of the FGP curved nanobeams are investigated comprehensively.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

functionally graded porous material / curved nanobeam / hygro–thermo–magnetic / enriched finite element method

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Electronic Supplementary Material

Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-023-0916-7 and is accessible for authorized users.

Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Bualuang ASEAN Chair Professor Fund.

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