Aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on a moving motor-van

Abstract

The newly-built single-level rail-cum-road bridge brings the issue of the aerodynamic impact of train-induced wind on road automobiles. This research introduced a validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model regarding this concern. Such an aerodynamic impact mechanism was explored; a relationship between the transverse distance between train and motor-van (hereinfafter referred to as van) and the aerodynamic effects on the van was explored to help the optimization of bridge decks, and the relationship between the automobile speed and aerodynamic variations of a van was fitted to help traffic control. The fitting results are accurate enough for further research. It is noted that the relative speed of the two automobiles is not the only factor that influences the aerodynamic variations of the van, even at a confirmed relative velocity, the aerodynamic variations of the van vary a lot as the velocity proportion changes, and the most unfavorable case shows an increase of over 40% on the aerodynamic variations compared to the standard case. The decay of the aerodynamic effects shows that not all the velocity terms would enhance the aerodynamic variations; the coupled velocity term constrains the variation amplitude of moments and decreases the total amplitude by 20%–40%.

Graphical abstract

Keywords

rail-cum-road bridge / aerodynamic impact / train-induced wind / CFD / aerodynamic force / quantitative analysis / fitting

References

[1] Pu Q, Liu J, Gou H, Bao Y, Xie H. Finite element analysis of long-span rail-cum-road cable-stayed bridge subjected to ship collision. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2019, 22(11): 2530–2542

[2] Shao C. Shanghai Yangtze River Bridge—the longest road-cum-rail bridge in China. Structural Engineering International, 2010, 20(3): 291–295

[3] Shao F, Chen Z, Ge H. Parametric analysis of the dynamic characteristics of a long-span three-tower self-anchored suspension bridge with a composite girder. Advances in Bridge Engineering, 2020, 1(1): 1–17

[4] Wang Y, Saul R. Wide cable-supported bridges for rail-cum-road traffic. Structural Engineering International, 2020, 30(4): 551–559

[5] Huang S, Li Z, Yang M. Aerodynamics of high-speed maglev trains passing each other in open air. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2019, 188: 151–160

[6] Xiong X, Li A, Liang X, Zhang J. Field study on high-speed train induced fluctuating pressure on a bridge noise barrier. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2018, 177: 157–166

[7] Zhang T, Xia H, Guo W W. Analysis on running safety of train on the bridge considering sudden change of wind load caused by wind barriers. Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering, 2018, 12(4): 558–567

[8] Zhou D, Tian H Q, Zhang J, Yang M Z. Pressure transients induced by a high-speed train passing through a station. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2014, 135: 1–9

[9] Yang N, Zheng X K, Zhang J, Law S S, Yang Q S. Experimental and numerical studies on aerodynamic loads on an overhead bridge due to passage of high-speed train. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2015, 140: 19–33

[10] Yao Z, Zhang N, Chen X, Zhang C, Xia H, Li X. The effect of moving train on the aerodynamic performances of train-bridge system with a crosswind. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2020, 14(1): 222–235

[11] Zou Y, Fu Z, He X, Cai C, Zhou J, Zhou S. Wind load characteristics of wind barriers induced by high-speed trains based on field measurements. Applied Sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2019, 9(22): 4865

[12] Tokunaga M, Sogabe M, Santo T, Ono K. Dynamic response evaluation of tall noise barrier on high speed railway structures. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2016, 366: 293–308

[13] Chen Y G, Wu Q. Study on unsteady aerodynamic characteristics of two trains passing by each other in the open air. Journal of Vibroengineering, 2018, 20(2): 1161–1178

[14] Li W, Liu T, Chen Z, Guo Z, Huo X. Comparative study on the unsteady slipstream induced by a single train and two trains passing each other in a tunnel. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2020, 198: 104095

[15] Sun Z, Zhang Y, Guo D, Yang G, Liu Y. Research on running stability of CRH3 high speed trains passing by each other. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2014, 8(1): 140–157

[16] Tokunaga M, Sogabe M, Santo T, Ono K. Dynamic response evaluation of tall noise barrier on high speed railway structures. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2016, 366: 293–308

[17] Bocciolone M, Cheli F, Corradi R, Muggiasca S, Tomasini G. Crosswind action on rail vehicles: Wind tunnel experimental analyses. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2008, 96(5): 584–610

[18] Liu T, Chen Z, Zhou X, Zhang J. A CFD analysis of the aerodynamics of a highspeed train passing through a windbreak transition under crosswind. Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2018, 12(1): 137–151

[19] Niu J, Zhou D, Wang Y. Numerical comparison of aerodynamic performance of stationary and moving trains with or without windbreak wall under crosswind. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2018, 182: 1–15

[20] Baker C J. High sided articulated road vehicles in strong cross winds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 1988, 31(1): 67–85

[21] Menter F R, Kuntz M, Langtry R. Ten years of industrial experience with the SST turbulence model turbulence heat and mass transfer. Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer, 2003, 4(1): 625–632

[22] Lee M, Park G, Park C, Kim C. Improvement of grid independence test for computational fluid dynamics model of building based on grid resolution. Advances in Civil Engineering, 2020, 1–11

[23] Xiang H, Li Y, Wang B, Liao H. Numerical simulation of the protective effect of railway wind barriers under crosswinds. International Journal of Rail Transportation, 2015, 3(3): 151–163

[24] Xiang H, Li Y, Chen S, Hou G. Wind loads of moving vehicle on bridge with solid wind barrier. Engineering Structures, 2018, 156: 188–196

[25] Xiang H, Li Y, Chen S, Li C. A wind tunnel test method on aerodynamic characteristics of moving vehicle s under crosswinds. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 2017, 163: 15–23

[26] He J, Xiang H, Ren W, Li Y. Numerical simulation on aerodynamic characteristics of moving van under the train-induced wind. Wind and Structures, 2021, 33(1): 41–54

[27] Baker C, Jordan S, Gilbert T, Quinn A, Sterling M, Johnson T, Lane J. Transient aerodynamic pressures and forces on trackside and overhead structures due to passing trains. Part 1: Model-scale experiments. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part F, Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 2014, 228(1): 37–56

[28] XiangH. Protection effect of wind barrier on high speed railway and its wind loads. Dissertation for the Doctoral Degree. Chengdu: Southwest Jiaotong University, 2013 (in Chinese)

Acknowledgements

The writers are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51778544, 51978589) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2682021CG014).

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2022 Higher Education Press