Behavior and strength of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete of composite bridges

Jianan QI, Yuqing HU, Jingquan WANG, Wenchao LI

PDF(5231 KB)
PDF(5231 KB)
Front. Struct. Civ. Eng. ›› 2019, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (5) : 1138-1149. DOI: 10.1007/s11709-019-0542-6
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Behavior and strength of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete of composite bridges

Author information +
History +

Abstract

This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation on the static behavior of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) of composite bridges. Four push-out specimens were tested. It was found that no cracking, crushing or splitting was observed on the concrete slab, indicating that UHPC slab exhibited good performance and could resist the high force transferred from the headed studs. The numerical and experimental results indicated that the shear capacity is supposed to be composed of two parts stud shank shear contribution and concrete wedge block shear contribution. The stiffness increment of a stud in UHPC was at least 60% higher than that in normal strength concrete. Even if the stud height was reduced from 6d to 2d, there was no reduction in the shear strength of a stud. Short stud shear connectors with an aspect ratio as small as 2 could develop full strength in UHPC slabs. An empirical load-slip equation taking into account stud diameter was proposed to predict the load-slip response of a stud. The reliability and accuracy of the proposed load-slip equation was verified by the experimental and numerical load-slip curves.

Keywords

ultra-high performance concrete / studs / shear strength / FE analysis / push-out test

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Jianan QI, Yuqing HU, Jingquan WANG, Wenchao LI. Behavior and strength of headed stud shear connectors in ultra-high performance concrete of composite bridges. Front. Struct. Civ. Eng., 2019, 13(5): 1138‒1149 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11709-019-0542-6

References

[1]
Nie J G, Cai C S. Steel-concrete composite beams considering shear slip effects. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2003, 129(4): 495–506
CrossRef Google scholar
[2]
Xue W, Ding M, Wang H, Luo Z. Static behavior and theoretical model of stud shear connectors. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2008, 13(6): 623–634
CrossRef Google scholar
[3]
Qi J, Wang J, Li M, Chen L. Shear capacity of stud shear connectors with initial damage: Experiment, FEM model and theoretical formulation. Steel and Composite Structures, 2017, 25(1): 79–92
[4]
Viest I M. Investigation of stud shear connectors for composite concrete and steel T-beams. ACI Journal, 1956, 27(8): 875–892
[5]
Oehlers D J. Deterioration in strength of stud connectors in composite bridge beams. Journal of Structural Engineering, 1990, 116(12): 3417–3431
CrossRef Google scholar
[6]
Huo J, Wang H, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Zhong Q. Experimental study on impact behavior of stud shear connectors between concrete slab and steel beam. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2018, 144(2): 04017203
CrossRef Google scholar
[7]
Xu C, Sugiura K. Parametric push-out analysis on group studs shear connector under effect of bending-induced concrete cracks. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2013, 89: 86–97
CrossRef Google scholar
[8]
Qi J, Ding X, Wang Z, Hu Y. Shear strength of fiber-reinforced high-strength steel ultra-high-performance concrete beams based on refined calculation of compression zone depth considering concrete tension. Advances in Structural Engineering, 2019 doi: 10.1177/1369433219829805
[9]
Wang J, Qi J, Tong T, Xu Q, Xiu H. Static behavior of large stud shear connectors in steel-UHPC composite structures. Engineering Structures, 2019, 178: 534–542
CrossRef Google scholar
[10]
Kim J S, Kwark J, Joh C, Yoo S W, Lee K C. Headed stud shear connector for thin ultrahigh-performance concrete bridge deck. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2015, 108: 23–30
CrossRef Google scholar
[11]
Qi J, Wang J, Ma Z J. Flexural response of high-strength steel-ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete beams based on a mesoscale constitutive model: Experiment and theory. Structural Concrete, 2018, 19(3): 719–734
CrossRef Google scholar
[12]
Qi J, Ma Z J, Wang J. Shear strength of UHPFRC beams: Mesoscale fiber-matrix discrete model. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2017, 143(4): 04016209
CrossRef Google scholar
[13]
Qi J, Wu Z, Ma Z J, Wang J. Pullout behavior of straight and hooked-end steel fibers in UHPC matrix with various embedded angles. Construction & Building Materials, 2018, 191: 764–774
CrossRef Google scholar
[14]
Qi J, Ma Z J, Wang J, Liu T. Post-cracking shear strength and deformability of HSS-UHPFRC beams. Structural Concrete, 2016, 17(6): 1033–1046
CrossRef Google scholar
[15]
Rabczuk T, Belytschko T. Cracking particles: a simplified mesh free method for arbitrary evolving cracks. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 2004, 61(13): 2316–2343
CrossRef Google scholar
[16]
Rabczuk T, Bordas S, Zi G. On three-dimensional modelling of crack growth using partition of unity methods. Computers & Structures, 2010, 88(23–24): 1391–1411
CrossRef Google scholar
[17]
Rabczuk T, Zi G, Bordas S, Nguyen-Xuan H. A geometrically non-linear three-dimensional cohesive crack method for reinforced concrete structures. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2008, 75(16): 4740–4758
CrossRef Google scholar
[18]
Rauscher S, Hegger J. Modern composite structures made of high performance materials. In: The 2008 Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete Conference VI American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008, 691–702
[19]
Kang J Y, Park J S, Jung W T, Keum M S. Evaluation of the shear strength of perfobond rib connectors in ultra high performance concrete. Engineering, 2014, 6(13): 989–999
CrossRef Google scholar
[20]
Luo Y, Hoki K, Hayashi K, Nakashima M. Behavior and strength of headed stud-SFRCC shear connection. I: Experimental study. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2016, 142(2): 04015112
CrossRef Google scholar
[21]
Cao J, Shao X, Deng L, Gan Y. Static and fatigue behavior of short-headed studs embedded in a thin ultrahigh-performance concrete layer. Journal of Bridge Engineering, 2017, 22(5): 04017005
CrossRef Google scholar
[22]
Wang J, Guo J, Jia L, Chen S, Dong Y. Push-out tests of demountable headed stud shear connectors in steel-UHPC composite structures. Composite Structures, 2017, 170: 69–79
CrossRef Google scholar
[23]
Liu J, Han F, Cui G, Zhang Q, Lv J, Zhang L, Yang Z. Combined effect of coarse aggregate and fiber on tensile behavior of ultra-high performance concrete. Construction & Building Materials, 2016, 121: 310–318
CrossRef Google scholar
[24]
GB/T11263-2010. Hot rolled H and cut T section steel. Beijing, China, 2010
[25]
ECS (European Committee for Standardization). Eurocode 4: Design of composite steel and concrete structures, part 1-1: General rues and rules for buildings (EN 1994-1-1). Brussels, Belgium, 2005
[26]
AASHTO. AASHTO LRFD bridge design specifications. Washington D.C., 2014
[27]
GB50017-2003.Code for design of steel structures. Beijing, China, 2003
[28]
An L, Cederwall K. Push-out tests on studs in high strength and normal strength concrete. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 1996, 36(1): 15–29
CrossRef Google scholar
[29]
Hegger J, Sedlacek G, Döinghaus P, Trumpf H, Eligehausen R. Studies on the ductility of shear connectors when using high-strength steel and high-strength concrete. International symposium on connections between steel and concrete, 2001, 1025–1045
[30]
Doinghaus P, Goralski C, Will N. Design rules for composite structures with high performance steel and high performance concrete. High Performance Materials in Bridges. Proceedings of the International Conference United Engineering Foundation, 2003, 139–149
[31]
Luo Y, Hoki K, Hayashi K, Nakashima M. Behavior and strength of headed stud-SFRCC shear connection. II: Strength evaluation. Journal of Structural Engineering, 2016, 142(2): 04015113
CrossRef Google scholar
[32]
GB/T 10433-2002. Cheese head studs for arc stud welding. Beijing, China, 2002
[33]
Johnson R P, May I M. Partial-interaction design of composite beams. Structural Engineer, 1975, 8(53): 305–311
[34]
JSSC (Japan Society of Civil Engineers). Guidelines for performance-based design of steel-concrete hybrid structures. Tokyo, 2002
[35]
Ollgaard J G, Slutter R G, Fisher J W. Shear strength of stud connectors in lightweight and normal-weight concrete. Engineering Journal (New York), 1971, 8(2): 55–64
[36]
Buttry K E. Behavior of stud shear connectors in lightweight and normal-weight concrete. Thesis for the Master’s Degree, Univ ersity of Missouri, Rolla, 1965
[37]
Vu-Bac N, Lahmer T, Zhuang X, Nguyen-Thoi T, Rabczuk T. A software framework for probabilistic sensitivity analysis for computationally expensive models. Advances in Engineering Software, 2016, 100: 19–31
CrossRef Google scholar
[38]
Hamdia K M, Ghasemi H, Zhuang X, Alajlan N, Rabczuk T. Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for flexoelectric nanostructures. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, 2018, 337: 95–109
CrossRef Google scholar
[39]
Hamdia K M, Silani M, Zhuang X, He P, Rabczuk T. Stochastic analysis of the fracture toughness of polymeric nanoparticle composites using polynomial chaos expansions. International Journal of Fracture, 2017, 206(2): 215–227
CrossRef Google scholar
[40]
ECS (European Committee for Standardization). Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures-Part 1–1: General rules and rules for buildings (EN 1992-1-1). Brussels, Belgium, 2004
[41]
Xu C, Sugiura K, Wu C, Su Q. Parametrical static analysis on group studs with typical push-out tests. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2012, 72: 84–96
CrossRef Google scholar

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the National Key R&D Plan (2017YFC07034) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2242019K40073). The financial supports are gratefully appreciated.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2019 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF(5231 KB)

Accesses

Citations

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/