Experimental study and field application of calcium sulfoaluminate cement for rapid repair of concrete pavements

Abstract

The fast-track repair of deteriorated concrete pavement requires materials that can be placed, cured, and opened to the traffic in a short period. Type III cement and Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement are the most commonly used fast-setting hydraulic cement (FSHC). In this study, the properties of Type III and CSA cement concrete, including compressive strength, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and shrinkage were evaluated. The test results indicate that compressive strength of FSHC concrete increased rapidly at the early age. CSA cement concrete had higher early-age and long term strength. The shrinkage of CSA cement concrete was lower than that of Type III cement concrete. Both CSA and Type III cement concrete had similar CTE values. Based on the laboratory results, the CSA cement was selected as the partial-depth rapid repair material for a distressed continuously reinforced concrete pavement. The data collected during and after the repair show that the CSA cement concrete had good short-term and long-term performances and, therefore, was suitable for the rapid repair of concrete pavement.

Keywords

Calcium Sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement / Type III cement / coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) / shrinkage / rapid repair

References

[1] Chen D, Lin  H, Sun R . Field performance evaluations of partial-depth repairs. Construction & Building Materials, 2011, 25(3): 1369–1378

[2] CalTran CDOT. Maintenance Technical Advisory Guide Volume II- Rigid pavement preservation (2nd Edition). Caltrans Division of Maintenance, 2007

[3] ACPA. Guidelines for partial-depth spall repair. Concrete Paving Technology. American Concrete Pavement Association, 2007, 15p

[4] Hou Y, Sun  F, Sun W ,  Guo M, Xing  C, Wu J . Quasi-brittle fracture modeling of preflawed bitumen using a diffuse interface model. Advances in Material Science and Engineering, 2016, 2016(6): 1–7

[5] Hou Y, Wang  L, Yue P ,  Pauli T ,  Sun W. Modeling mode I cracking failure in asphalt binder by using nonconserved phase-field model. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2014, 26(4): 684–691

[6] Buch N, Van Dam  T J, Peterson  K, Sutter L . Evaluation of high-early strength PCC mixtures used in full depth repairs. Construction & Building Materials, 2008, 22(3): 162–174

[7] Quillin K. Performance of belite–sulfoaluminate cements. Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31(9): 1341–1349

[8] Glasser F P, Zhang  L. High-performance cement matrices based on calcium sulfoaluminate–belite compositions. Cement and Concrete Research, 2001, 31(12): 1881–1886

[9] Odler I. Special Inorganic Cements. CRC Press, 2000

[10] García-Maté M ,  De la Torre A G ,  León-Reina L ,  Aranda M A G ,  Santacruz I . Hydration studies of calcium sulfoaluminate cements blended with fly ash. Cement and Concrete Research, 2013, 54: 12–20

[11] Cau Dit Coumes C ,  Courtois S ,  Peysson S ,  Ambroise J ,  Pera J. Calcium sulfoaluminate cement blended with OPC: a potential binder to encapsulate low-level radioactive slurries of complex chemistry. Cement and Concrete Research, 2009, 39(9): 740–747 doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2009.05.016

[12] Zhou Q, Milestone  N B, Hayes  M. An alternative to Portland Cement for waste encapsulation—The calcium sulfoaluminate cement system. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, 136(1): 120–129

[13] Aranda M, De la Torre  A G. Sulfoaluminate cement. Eco-Efficient Concrete, 2013, 488–522

[14] Alaoui A, Feraille  A, Steckmeyer A ,  Roy R L . New Cements for Sustainable Development. 12th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement, 2007, 1–8

[15] Gartner E. Industrially interesting approaches to “low-CO₂” cements. Cement and Concrete Research, 2004, 34(9): 1489–1498

[16] Popescu C D, Muntean  M, Sharp J H . Industrial trial production of low energy belite cement. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2003, 25(7): 689–693

[17] Sharp J H, Lawrence  C D, Yang  R. Calcium sulfoaluminate cements-low-energy cements, special cements or what? Advances in Cement Research, 1999, 11(1): 3–13 doi:10.1680/adcr.1999.11.1.3

[18] Hou Y, Wang  L, Yue P ,  Sun W. Fracture failure in crack interaction of asphalt binder by using a phase field approach. Materials and Structures, 2015, 48(9): 2997–3008

[19] Sun R J, Won  H, Won M C . The application and early-age behaviors of continuously reinforced bonded concrete overlay of distressed jointed concrete pavements. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 2011, 39(5): 208–215

[20] Thomas J J. The Science of Concrete. Report submitted to the Infrastructure Technology Institute for TEA-21, 2010

[21] Hou Y, Wang  L, Pauli T ,  Sun W. Investigation of the asphalt self-healing mechanism using a phase-field model. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2015, 27: 040141183

[22] Heath A C, Roesler  J R, Harvey  J T. Modeling longitudinal, corner and transverse cracking in jointed concrete pavements. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2003, 4(1): 51–58 doi:10.1080/102984303100016073393

[23] Heath A C, Roesler  J R. Top-down cracking of rigid pavements constructed with fast-setting hydraulic cement concrete. Transportation Research Record, 2000,  1712: 3‒12 

[24] Heath A C, Roesler  J R. Shrinkage and Thermal Cracking of Fast Setting Hydraulic Cement Concrete Pavements in Palmdale, California. Report for California Department of Transportation, 1999

[25] Committee A. Standard Practice for Selecting Proportions for Normal, Heavyweight and Mass Concrete. Reported by ACI Committee 211, 1991, 1–91

[26] ASTM. Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens. ASTM C39-03. West Conshohocken, 2003

[27] ASTM. Standard Test Method for Linear Shrinkage and Coefficient Ecpansion of Chemical-resistant Mortars, Grouts, Monolithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concrete. ASTM C531-05. West Conshohocken: ASTM international, 2005

[28] AASHTO: Standard Method for the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Concrete. AASHTO TP60-00, 2000

[29] Won M. Improvements of testing procedures for concrete coefficient of thermal expansion. Transportation Research Record, 2005, 1919(1): 23–28

[30] Won M C, Kim  S M, Merritt  D, Mccullough B F . Horizontal Cracking and Pavement Distress in Portland Cement Concrete Pavement. International Air Transport Conference, 2002

[31] Abrams D A. Design of Concrete Mixtures, Vol. 1: Structural Materials Research Laboratory. Lewis Institute, 1919

[32] Yang H H. Pavements Analysis and Design. Prentice Hall, 2004

Acknowledgements

The financial support is provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51478251), Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province (2015GSF122009), Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (ZR2016EEM03). Sincere gratitude is given to the research laboratory in the School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2017 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg