Fatigue of asphalt binder, mastic and mixture at low temperature

Abstract

The fatigue damage is one of the most common distresses observed on the asphalt concrete pavement. To thoroughly understand the fatigue of asphalt concrete, the behaviors of the major components of asphalt concrete under cyclic loading are investigated respectively in this study. A new experiment method is developed to evaluate the performances of asphalt binder, mastic and fine aggregates mixture under cyclic tensile loading. The fatigue test results of asphalt binder show that the fatigue performance of asphalt binder is closely related with loading magnitude, temperature and loading rate. Mastic specimens with different filler content are tested and the results indicate that mastic specimens with 30% filler content show better fatigue resistance and higher permanent strain. The micro-structure analysis of mastic and mixture indicates that the fatigue resistance is closely related with the air void content of specimen. 3D digital specimens are developed to model the fatigue of the asphalt binder, mastic and mixture specimens based on the finite element method (FEM). Fatigue damage of asphalt concrete is simplified by a damage model. With proper selection of damage parameters, the simulation results agree well with laboratory test results and can be used as a basis for future fatigue research.

Keywords

fatigue / asphalt mixture / asphalt binder / mastic / finite element method (FEM) / X-ray tomography

References

[1] Ghuzlan K A, Carpenter S H. Traditional fatigue analysis of asphalt concrete mixtures. In: Presented at the 2003 Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, D C, 2003

[2] Aglan H A, Figueroa J L. Damage-evolution approach to fatigue cracking in pavements. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1993, 119(6): 1243–1259

[3] Bonnetti K S, Nam K, Bahi H U. Measuring and defining fatigue behavior of asphalt binders. Transportation Research Record, 2002, 1810: 33–43

[4] Si Z, Little D N, Lytton R L. Characterization of microdamage and healing of asphalt concrete mixtures. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2002, 14(6): 461–470

[5] Daniel J S, Bisirri W M. Characterizing fatigue in pavement materials using a dissipated energy parameter. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2005, 199–208

[6] Carpenter S H, Shen S. Dissipated energy approach to study hot-mix asphalt healing in fatigue. Transportation Research Record, 2006, 1970: 178–185

[7] Ghuzlan K A, Carpenter S H. Fatigue damage analysis in asphalt concrete mixtures using the dissipated energy approach. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 2006, 33(7): 890–901

[8] Majidzadeh K, Kauffman E M, Saraf C L. Analysis of fatigue of paving mixtures from fracture mechanics viewpoint. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM STP 508), 1972, 67–83

[9] Abdulshafi A A, Majidzadeh K. J-integral and cyclic plasticity approach to fatigue and fracture of asphaltic mixtures. Transportation Research Record, 1985, 1034: 112–123

[10] Button J W, Little D N, Kim Y, Mechanistic evaluation of selected asphalt additives. Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 1987, 56: 62–90

[11] Sulaiman S J, Stock A F. The use of fracture mechanics for the evaluation of asphalt mixes. Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 1995, 64: 500–533

[12] Mull M A, Stuart K, Yehia A. Fracture resistance characterization of chemically modified crumb rubber asphalt pavement. Journal of Materials Science, 2002, 37(3): 557–566

[13] Ramsamooj D V. Prediction of fatigue performance of asphalt concrete mixes. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 1999, 27(5): 3343–3348

[14] Lee H J, Daniel J S, Kim Y R. Continuum damage mechanics-based fatigue model of asphalt concrete. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2000, 12(2): 105–112

[15] Bodin D, Pijaudier-Cabot G, De La Roche C, Continuum damage approach to asphalt concrete fatigue modeling. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 2004, 130(6): 700–709

[16] El-Basyouny M M, Witczak M. Calibration of alligator fatigue cracking model for 2002 design guide. Transportation Research Record, 2005, 1919: 77–86

[17] Castro M, Sanchez J A. Damage based model for prediction of asphalt concrete fatigue curves. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2007, 19(8): 700–702

[18] Suo Z, Wong W G. Analysis of fatigue crack growth behavior in asphalt concrete material in wearing course. Construction & Building Materials, 2009, 23(1): 462–468

[19] Wen H, Bahia H. Characterizing fatigue of asphalt binders with viscoelastic continuum damage mechanics. Transportation Research Board, 2009, 2126(-1): 55–62

[20] Rodrigues R M. A Model for fatigue cracking prediction of asphalt pavements based on mixture bonding energy. International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2000, 1(2): 133–149

[21] Huang C, Najjar Y M, Romanoschi S. Predicting the asphalt concrete fatigue life using artificial neural network approach. In: Presented at the 2007 Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, Washington, D C, 2007

[22] Tigdemir M, Karasahin M, Sen Z. Investigation of fatigue behaviour of asphalt concrete pavements with fuzzy-logic approach. International Journal of Fatigue, 2002, 24(8): 903–910

[23] Epps J, Monismith C L. Influence of mixture variables on the flexural fatigue properties of asphalt concrete. Asphalt Paving Technology, 1969, 38: 423–464

[24] Monismith C L, Epps J A, Kasianchuk D A, et al.. Asphalt Mixture Behavior in Repeated Flexure. Report TE 79–5 to Federal Highway Administration, Berkeley: University of California, 1971

[25] Sousa J B, Tayebali A A, Harvey J T, Sensitivity of SHRP-A003A testing equioement to mix design parameters for permanent deformation and fatigue. Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, 1993

[26] Tayebali A A. Fatigue Reponse of Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures. Report A404 to SHRP Project A003A. Strategic Highway Research Program, National Research Council. Washington, D C, 1994

[27] Harvey J,Tsai B W. Effects of asphalt content and air void content on mix fatigue and stiffness. Transportation Research Board, 1996, 1543: 38–45

[28] Sousa J B, Pais J C, Prates M, Effect of aggregate gradation on fatigue life of asphalt concrete mixes. Transportation Research Record, 1998, 1630: 62–68

[29] Deacon J A, Harvey J T, Tayebali A, Influence of binder loss modulus on pavement fatigue performance of asphalt concrete pavement. Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists, 1997, 66: 633–685

[30] Anderson D A, Le Hir Y M, Marasteanu M O, Evaluation of fatigue criteria for asphalt binders. Transportation Research Record, 2001, 1766: 48–55

[31] Shenoy A. Fatigue testing and evaluation of asphalt binders using the dynamic shear rheometer. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, 2002, 30(4): 303–312

[32] Smith B, Hesp S. Crack pinning in asphalt mastic and concrete: regular fatigue studies. Transportation Research Record, 2000, 1728: 75–81

[33] Kim Y R, Little D, Song I. Effect of mineral fillers on fatigue resistance and fundamental material characteristics: mechanistic evaluation. Transportation Research Record, 2003, 1832: 1–8

[34] American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials. AASHTO T 314: Standard Method of Test for Determining the Fracture Properties of Asphalt Binder in Direct Tension (DT), 2007

[35] Bay B, Smith T, Fyhrie D, Digital volume correlation: three-dimensional strain mapping using X-ray tomography. Experimental Mechanics, 1999, 39(3): 217–226

[36] Lemaitre J, Chaboche J L. Mechanics of Solid Materials. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990

[37] ABAQUS Analysis Users’ Manual, Version 6.10

[38] Darveaux R. Effect of simulation methodology on solder joint crack growth correlation. In: Proceedings of Electronic Components and Technology Conference. Las Vegas, 2000, 1048–1058

Acknowledgements

This paper was financially supported by Guangxi Governor Grant under approval number of 2010-169, the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant number of 41162011, Guangxi Grand Natural Science Foundation under contract number of 2011GXNSFD018001, Guangxi Grand Natural Science Foundation under the number of 2012GXNSFCB053005, and the grant of the Guangxi Key Laboratory of Spatial Information and Geomatics under contract number, GuiKeNeng110-31-08-01. The authors would like to thank those who have given us technical advices and help in experimental design.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2014 Higher Education Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg