Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling

Samuel Chege Gitau , Xuelian Li , Dandan Zhao , Zhenfeng Guo , Haihai Liang , Ming Qian , Lifang Lv , Tianshi Li , Bozhi Xu , Zhiguo Wang , Yong Zhang , Chaoqian Xu , Yanjie Lu , Zhiming Du , Hongli Shan , Baofeng Yang

Front. Med. ›› 2015, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4) : 444 -456.

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Front. Med. ›› 2015, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4) : 444 -456. DOI: 10.1007/s11684-015-0421-z
RESEARCH ARTICLE
RESEARCH ARTICLE

Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling

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Abstract

Ventricular hypertrophy is a powerful and independent predictor of cardiovascular morbid events. The vascular properties of low-dose acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) provide cardiovascular benefits through the irreversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase 1; however, the possible anti-hypertrophic properties and potential mechanism of aspirin have not been investigated in detail. In this study, healthy wild-type male mice were randomly divided into three groups and subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) or sham operation. The TAC-operated mice were treated with the human equivalent of low-dose aspirin (10 mg·kg−1·d−1); the remaining mice received an equal amount of phosphate buffered saline with 0.65% ethanol, which was used as a vehicle. A cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model induced by angiotensin II (10 nmol·L−1) was treated with the human equivalent of low (10 or 100 µmol·L−1) and high (1000 µmol·L−1) aspirin concentrations in plasma. Changes in the cardiac structure and function were assessed through echocardiography and transmission electron microscopy. Gene expression was determined through RT-PCR and western blot analysis. Results indicated that aspirin treatment abrogated the increased thickness of the left ventricular anterior and posterior walls, the swelling of mitochondria, and the increased surface area in in vivo and in vitro hypertrophy models. Aspirin also normalized the upregulated hypertrophic biomarkers, β-myosin heavy chain (β-MHC), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP). Aspirin efficiently reversed the upregulation of β-catenin and P-Akt expression and the TAC- or ANG II-induced downregulation of GSK-3β. Therefore, low-dose aspirin possesses significant anti-hypertrophic properties at clinically relevant concentrations for anti-thrombotic therapy. The downregulation of β-catenin and Akt may be the underlying signaling mechanism of the effects of aspirin.

Keywords

aspirin / Akt / cardiac hypertrophy / GSK-3β / Wnt/β-catenin

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Samuel Chege Gitau, Xuelian Li, Dandan Zhao, Zhenfeng Guo, Haihai Liang, Ming Qian, Lifang Lv, Tianshi Li, Bozhi Xu, Zhiguo Wang, Yong Zhang, Chaoqian Xu, Yanjie Lu, Zhiming Du, Hongli Shan, Baofeng Yang. Acetyl salicylic acid attenuates cardiac hypertrophy through Wnt signaling. Front. Med., 2015, 9(4): 444-456 DOI:10.1007/s11684-015-0421-z

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