Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status and future directions

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiao-ping Chen

PDF(270 KB)
PDF(270 KB)
Front. Med. ›› 2020, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (3) : 251-261. DOI: 10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3
REVIEW

Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status and future directions

Author information +
History +

Abstract

Postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most common and critical complication after pancreatic body and tail resection. How to effectively reduce the occurrence of pancreatic fistula and conduct timely treatment thereafter is an urgent clinical issue to be solved. Recent research standardized the definition of pancreatic fistula and stressed the correlation between POPF classification and patient prognosis. According to the literature, identification of the risk factors for pancreatic fistula contributed to lowering the rate of the complication. Appropriate management of the pancreatic stump and perioperative treatment are of great significance to reduce the rate of POPF in clinical practice. After the occurrence of POPF, the treatment of choice should be determined according to the classification of the pancreatic fistula. However, despite the progress and promising treatment approaches, POPF remains to be a clinical issue that warrants further studies in the future.

Keywords

pancreatic fistula / pancreatic body and tail resection / distal pancreatectomy

Cite this article

Download citation ▾
Li Jiang, Deng Ning, Xiao-ping Chen. Prevention and treatment of pancreatic fistula after pancreatic body and tail resection: current status and future directions. Front. Med., 2020, 14(3): 251‒261 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-019-0727-3

References

[1]
Pratt WB, Callery MP, Vollmer CM Jr. The latent presentation of pancreatic fistulas. Br J Surg 2009; 96(6): 641–649
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[2]
Facy O, Chalumeau C, Poussier M, Binquet C, Rat P, Ortega-Deballon P. Diagnosis of postoperative pancreatic fistula. Br J Surg 2012; 99(8): 1072–1075
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[3]
Bassi C, Dervenis C, Butturini G, Fingerhut A, Yeo C, Izbicki J, Neoptolemos J, Sarr M, Traverso W, Buchler M; International Study Group on Pancreatic Fistula Definition. Postoperative pancreatic fistula: an international study group (ISGPF) definition. Surgery 2005; 138(1): 8–13
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[4]
Bassi C, Marchegiani G, Dervenis C, Sarr M, Abu Hilal M, Adham M, Allen P, Andersson R, Asbun HJ, Besselink MG, Conlon K, Del Chiaro M, Falconi M, Fernandez-Cruz L, Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Fingerhut A, Friess H, Gouma DJ, Hackert T, Izbicki J, Lillemoe KD, Neoptolemos JP, Olah A, Schulick R, Shrikhande SV, Takada T, Takaori K, Traverso W, Vollmer CR, Wolfgang CL, Yeo CJ, Salvia R, M; International Study Group on Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS). The 2016 update of the International Study Group (ISGPS) definition and grading of postoperative pancreatic fistula: 11 Years After. Surgery 2017; 161(3): 584–591
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[5]
Maggino L, Malleo G, Bassi C, Allegrini V, McMillan MT, Borin A, Chen B, Drebin JA, Ecker BL, Fraker DL, Lee MK, Paiella S, Roses RE, Salvia R, Vollmer CM Jr. Decoding grade B pancreatic fistula: a clinical and economical analysis and subclassification proposal. Ann Surg 2019; 269(6): 1146–1153
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[6]
Kleeff J, Diener MK, Z’graggen K, Hinz U, Wagner M, Bachmann J, Zehetner J, Müller MW, Friess H, Büchler MW. Distal pancreatectomy: risk factors for surgical failure in 302 consecutive cases. Ann Surg 2007; 245(4): 573–582
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[7]
Goh BK, Tan YM, Chung YF, Cheow PC, Ong HS, Chan WH, Chow PK, Soo KC, Wong WK, Ooi LL. Critical appraisal of 232 consecutive distal pancreatectomies with emphasis on risk factors, outcome, and management of the postoperative pancreatic fistula: a 21-year experience at a single institution.. Arch Surg 2008; 10(143): 956–965
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[8]
Johnston FM, Cavataio A, Strasberg SM, Hamilton NA, Simon PO Jr, Trinkaus K, Doyle MBM, Mathews BD, Porembka MR, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG. The effect of mesh reinforcement of a stapled transection line on the rate of pancreatic occlusion failure after distal pancreatectomy: review of a single institution’s experience. HPB (Oxford) 2009; 11(1): 25–31
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[9]
Seeliger H, Christians MK S, Angele A, Kleespies ME, Eichhorn I, Ischenko S, Boeck V, Heinemann KW, Jauch CJ, Bruns. Risk factors for surgical complications in distal pancreatectomy. Am J Surg 2010; 200(3): 311–317
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[10]
Kawai M, Tani M, Okada K, Hirono S, Miyazawa M, Shimizu A, Kitahata Y, Yamaue H. Stump closure of a thick pancreas using stapler closure increases pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Am J Surg 2013; 206(3): 352–359
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[11]
Kowalsky SJ, Zenati MS, Dhir M, Schaefer EG, Dopsovic A, Lee KK, Hogg ME, Zeh HJ, Vollmer CM, Zureikat AH. Postoperative narcotic use is associated with development of clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy. Surgery 2018; 163(4): 747–752
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[12]
Arai T, Kobayashi A, Yokoyama T, Ohya A, Fujinaga Y, Shimizu A, Motoyama H, Furusawa N, Sakai H, Uehara T, Kadoya M, Miyagawa S. Signal intensity of the pancreas on magnetic resonance imaging: prediction of postoperative pancreatic fistula after a distal pancreatectomy using a triple-row stapler. Pancreatology 2015; 15(4): 380–386
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[13]
Chang YR, Kang JS, Jang JY, Jung WH, Kang MJ, Lee KB, Kim SW. Prediction of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy based on cross-sectional images. World J Surg 2017; 41(6): 1610–1617
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[14]
Fukuda Y, Yamada D, Eguchi H, Iwagami Y, Noda T, Asaoka T, Wada H, Kawamoto K, Gotoh K, Mori M, Doki Y. A novel preoperative predictor of pancreatic fistula using computed tomography after distal pancreatectomy with staple closure. Surg Today 2017; 47(10): 1180–1187
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[15]
Silvestri M, Coignac A, Delicque J, Herrero A, Borie F, Guiu B, Fabre JM, Souche R. Level of pancreatic division and postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy: a retrospective case-control study of 157 patients with non-pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma lesions. Int J Surg 2019; 65: 128–133
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[16]
Martin AN, Narayanan S, Turrentine FE, Bauer TW, Adams RB, Zaydfudim VM. Pancreatic duct size and gland texture are associated with pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy but not after distal pancreatectomy. PLoS One 2018; 13(9): e0203841
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[17]
Flohr TG, Schaller S, Stierstorfer K, Bruder H, Ohnesorge BM, Schoepf UJ. Multi-detector row CT systems and image-reconstruction techniques. Radiology 2005; 235(3): 756–773
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[18]
Yang W, Fan Z, Deng Z, Pang J, Bi X, Fraass BA, Sandler H, Li D, Tuli R. Novel 4D-MRI of tumor infiltrating vasculature: characterizing tumor and vessel volume motion for selective boost volume definition in pancreatic radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2018; 13(1): 191–198
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[19]
Jimenez RE, Hawkins WG. Emerging strategies to prevent the development of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Surgery 2012; 152(3 Suppl 1): S64–S70
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[20]
Bilimoria MM, Cormier JN, Mun Y, Lee JE, Evans DB, Pisters PW. Pancreatic leak after left pancreatectomy is reduced following main pancreatic duct ligation. Br J Surg 2003; 90(2): 190–196
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[21]
Ferrone CR, Warshaw AL, Rattner DW, Berger D, Zheng H, Rawal B, Rodriguez R, Thayer SP, Fernandez-del Castillo C. Pancreatic fistula rates after 462 distal pancreatectomies: staplers do not decrease fistula rates. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12(10): 1691–1697, discussion 1697–1698
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[22]
Karabicak I, Satoi S, Yanagimoto H, Yamamoto T, Yamaki S,Kosaka H, Hirooka S, Kotsuka M, Michiura T, Inoue K, Matsui Y, Kon M. Comparison of surgical outcomes of three different stump closure techniques during distal pancreatectomy. Pancreatology 2017; 17(3): 497–503
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[23]
Sa Cunha A, Carrere N, Meunier B, Fabre JM, Sauvanet A, Pessaux P, Ortega-Deballon P, Fingerhut A, Lacaine F; French Fédération de Recherche EN Chirurgie (FRENCH). Stump closure reinforcement with absorbable fibrin collagen sealant sponge (TachoSil) does not prevent pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy: the FIABLE multicenter controlled randomized study. Am J Surg 2015; 210(4): 739–748
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[24]
Walters DM, Stokes JB, Adams RB, Bauer TW. Use of a falciform ligament pedicle flap to decrease pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Pancreas 2011; 40(4): 595–599
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[25]
Hassenpflug M, Hartwig W, Strobel O, Hinz U, Hackert S T, Fritz MW, Büchler J, Werner. Decrease in clinically relevant pancreatic fistula by coverage of the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatectomy. Surgery 2012; 152(3 Suppl 1): S164–S171
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[26]
Carter TI, Fong ZV, Hyslop T, Lavu H, Tan WP, Hardacre J, Sauter PK, Kennedy EP, Yeo CJ, Rosato EL. A dual-institution randomized controlled trial of remnant closure after distal pancreatectomy: does the addition of a falciform patch and fibrin glue improve outcomes? J Gastrointest Surg 2013; 17(1): 102–109
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[27]
Hassenpflug M, Hinz U, Strobel O, Volpert J, Knebel P, Diener MK, Doerr-Harim C, Werner J, Hackert T, Büchler MW. Teres ligament patch reduces relevant morbidity after distal pancreatectomy (the DISCOVER Randomized Controlled Trial). Ann Surg 2016; 264(5): 723–730
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[28]
Chen S, Chen G, Zhao Y. Comment on ‘Teres ligament patch reduces relevant morbidity after distal pancreatectomy (the DISCOVER Randomized Controlled Trial)’. Ann Surg 2018; 267(5): e93–e94
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[29]
Oláh A, Issekutz A, Belágyi T, Hajdú N, Romics L Jr. Randomized clinical trial of techniques for closure of the pancreatic remnant following distal pancreatectomy. Br J Surg 2009; 96(6): 602–607
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[30]
Fujii T, Yamada S, Murotani K, Sugimoto H, Hattori M, Kanda M, Takami H, Nakayama G, Nomoto S, Fujiwara M, Nakao A, Kodera Y. Modified Blumgart suturing technique for remnant closure after distal pancreatectomy: a propensity score-matched analysis. J Gastrointest Surg 2016; 20(2): 374–384
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[31]
Wang M, Zhu F, Peng F, Tian R, Shi C, Xu M, Li X, Wang X, Shen M, Qin R. Greater omentum binding: a simple technique to cover the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatectomy. J Am Coll Surg 2014; 219(2): e19–e23
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[32]
Montorsi M, Zerbi A, Bassi C, Capussotti L, Coppola R, Sacchi M; Italian Tachosil Study Group. Efficacy of an absorbable fibrin sealant patch (TachoSil) after distal pancreatectomy: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Ann Surg 2012; 256(5): 853–859, discussion 859–860
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[33]
Park JS, Lee DH, Jang JY, Han Y, Yoon DS, Kim JK, Han HS, Yoon Y, Hwang D, Kang CM, Hwang HK, Lee WJ, Heo J, Chang YR, Kang MJ, Shin YC, Chang J, Kim H, Jung W, Kim SW. Use of TachoSil®patches to prevent pancreatic leaks after distal pancreatectomy: a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2016; 23(2): 110–117
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[34]
Shubert CR, Ferrone CR, Fernandez-Del Castillo C, Kendrick ML, Farnell MB, Smoot RL, Truty MJ, Que FG. A multicenter randomized controlled trial comparing pancreatic leaks after TissueLink versus SEAMGUARD after distal pancreatectomy (PLATS) NCT01051856. J Surg Res 2016; 206(1): 32–40
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[35]
Kawai M, Hirono S, Okada KI, Satoi S, Yanagimoto H, Kon M, Murakami Y, Kondo N, Sho M, Akahori T, Toyama H, Fukumoto T, Fujii T, Matsumoto I, Eguchi H, Ikoma H, Takeda Y, Fujimoto J, Yamaue H. Reinforced staplers for distal pancreatectomy. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2017; 402(8): 1197–1204
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[36]
Matsumoto I, Takeyama Y, Kamei K, Satoi S, Nakata Y, Ishikawa H, Murase T, Matsumoto M, Nakai T. Transpancreatic mattress suture with Vicryl mesh around the stump during distal pancreatectomy: a novel technique for preventing postoperative pancreatic fistula. J Am Coll Surg 2016; 223(2): e1–e5
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[37]
Jang JY, Shin YC, Han Y, Park JS, Han HS, Hwang HK, Yoon DS, Kim JK, Yoon YS, Hwang DW, Kang CM, Lee WJ, Heo MJ JS, Kang YR, Chang J, Chang W, Jung SW, Kim. Effect of polyglycolic acid mesh for prevention of pancreatic fistula following distal pancreatectomy: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg 2017; 152(2): 150–155
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[38]
Harris LJ, Abdollahi H, Newhook T, Sauter PK, Crawford AG, Chojnacki KA, Rosato EL, Kennedy EP, Yeo CJ, Berger AC. Optimal technical management of stump closure following distal pancreatectomy: a retrospective review of 215 cases. J Gastrointest Surg 2010; 14(6): 998–1005
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[39]
Diener MK, Seiler CM, Rossion I, Kleeff J, Glanemann M, Butturini G, Tomazic A, Bruns CJ, Busch OR, Farkas S, Belyaev O, Neoptolemos JP, Halloran C, Keck T, Niedergethmann M, Gellert K, Witzigmann H, Kollmar O, Langer P, Steger U, Neudecker J, Berrevoet F, Ganzera S, Heiss MM, Luntz SP, Bruckner T, Kieser M, Büchler MW. Efficacy of stapler versus hand-sewn closure after distal pancreatectomy (DISPACT): a randomised, controlled multicentre trial. Lancet 2011; 377(9776): 1514–1522
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[40]
Probst P, Hüttner FJ, Klaiber U, Knebel P, Ulrich A, Büchler MW, Diener MK. Stapler versus scalpel resection followed by hand-sewn closure of the pancreatic remnant for distal pancreatectomy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 6(11): CD008688
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[41]
Okano K, Kakinoki K, Yachida S, Izuishi K, Wakabayashi H, Suzuki Y. A simple and safe pancreas transection using a stapling device for a distal pancreatectomy. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2008; 15(4): 353–358
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[42]
Nakamura M, Ueda J, Kohno H, Aly MYF, Takahata S, Shimizu S, Tanaka M. Prolonged peri-firing compression with a linear stapler prevents pancreatic fistula in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Surg Endosc 2011; 25(3): 867–871
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[43]
Hirashita T, Ohta M, Yada K, Tada K, Saga K, Takayama H, Endo Y, Uchida H, Iwashita Y, Inomata M. Effect of pre-firing compression on the prevention of pancreatic fistula in distal pancreatectomy. Am J Surg. 2018; 216(3):506–510
[44]
Hamilton NA, Porembka MR, Johnston FM, Gao F, Strasberg SM, Linehan DC, Hawkins WG. Mesh reinforcement of pancreatic transection decreases incidence of pancreatic occlusion failure for left pancreatectomy: a single-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2012; 255(6): 1037–1042
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[45]
Kondo N, Uemura K, Nakagawa N, Okada K, Kuroda S, Sudo T, Hadano N, Matstukawa H, Satoh D, Sasaki M, Abe S T, Fukuda A, Oshita A, Nakashima Y, Hashimoto H, Ohdan Y, Murakami. A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial comparing reinforced staplers with bare staplers during distal pancreatectomy (HiSCO-07 Trial). Ann Surg Oncol 2019; 26(5): 1519–1527
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[46]
Kim H, Jang JY, Son D, Lee S, Han Y, Shin YC, Kim JR, Kwon W, Kim SW. Optimal stapler cartridge selection according to the thickness of the pancreas in distal pancreatectomy. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95(35): e4441
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[47]
Dokmak S, Ftériche FS, Meniconi RL, Aussilhou B, Duquesne I, Perrone G, Romdhani C, Belghiti J, Lévy P, Soubrane O, Sauvanet A. Pancreatic fistula following laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy is probably unrelated to the stapler size but to the drainage modality and significantly reduced with a small suction drain. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2019; 404(2): 203–212
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[48]
Sudo T, Murakami Y, Uemura K, Hayashidani Y, Hashimoto Y, Nakashima A, Ohge H, Sueda T. Distal pancreatectomy with duct-to-mucosa pancreaticogastrostomy: a novel technique for preventing postoperative pancreatic fistula. Am J Surg 2011; 202(1): 77–81
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[49]
Yanagimoto H, Satoi S, Toyokawa H, Yamamoto T, Hirooka S, Yamao J, Yamaki S, Ryota H, Matsui Y, Kwon AH. Pancreaticogastrostomy following distal pancreatectomy prevents pancreatic fistula-related complications. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2014; 21(7): 473–478
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[50]
Klein F, Glanemann M, Faber W, Gül S, Neuhaus P, Bahra M. Pancreatoenteral anastomosis or direct closure of the pancreatic remnant after a distal pancreatectomy: a single-centre experience. HPB (Oxford) 2012; 14(12): 798–804
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[51]
Kawai M, Hirono S, Okada K, Sho M, Nakajima Y, Eguchi H, Nagano H, Ikoma H, Morimura R, Takeda Y, Nakahira S, Suzumura K, Fujimoto J, Yamaue H. Randomized controlled trial of pancreaticojejunostomy versus stapler closure of the pancreatic stump during distal pancreatectomy to reduce pancreatic fistula. Ann Surg 2016; 264(1): 180–187
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[52]
Uemura K, Satoi S, Motoi F, Kwon M, Unno M, Murakami Y. Randomized clinical trial of duct-to-mucosa pancreaticogastrostomy versus handsewn closure after distal pancreatectomy. Br J Surg 2017; 104(5): 536–543
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[53]
Chen X. Chen’s continuous transpancreatic transverse U-sutures technique for end-to-end invaginated pancreaticojejunostomy. J Abdom Surg (Fu Bu Wai Ke) 2019; 32(2): 77–79 (in Chinese)
[54]
Hartwig W, Duckheim M, Strobel O, Dovzhanskiy D, Bergmann F, Hackert T, Büchler MW, Werner J. LigaSure for pancreatic sealing during distal pancreatectomy. World J Surg 2010; 34(5): 1066–1070
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[55]
Rostas JW, Richards WO, Thompson LW. Improved rate of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy: parenchymal division with the use of saline-coupled radiofrequency ablation. HPB (Oxford) 2012; 14(8): 560–564
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[56]
Blansfield JA, Rapp MM, Chokshi RJ, Woll NL, Hunsinger MA, Sheldon DG, Shabahang MM. Novel method of stump closure for distal pancreatectomy with a 75% reduction in pancreatic fistula rate. J Gastrointest Surg 2012; 16(3): 524–528
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[57]
Dorcaratto D, Burdío F, Fondevila D, Andaluz A, Quesada R, Poves I, Caceres M, Mayol X, Berjano E, Grande L. Radiofrequency is a secure and effective method for pancreatic transection in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: results of a randomized, controlled trial in an experimental model. Surg Endosc 2013; 27(10): 3710–3719
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[58]
Behrman SW, Zarzaur BL, Parmar A, Riall TS, Hall BL, Pitt HA. Routine drainage of the operative bed following elective distal pancreatectomy does not reduce the occurrence of complications. J Gastrointest Surg 2015; 19(1): 72–79, discussion 79
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[59]
Van Buren G 2nd, Bloomston M, Schmidt CR, Behrman SW, Zyromski NJ, Ball CG, Morgan KA, Hughes SJ, Karanicolas PJ, Allendorf JD, Vollmer CM Jr, Ly Q, Brown KM, Velanovich V, Winter JM, McElhany AL, Muscarella P 2nd, Schmidt CM, House MG, Dixon E, Dillhoff ME, Trevino JG, Hallet NSG J, Coburn KE, Nakeeb AR A, Behrns EP, Sasson SRZ, Ceppa TS, Abdel-Misih EJ, Riall EC, Silberfein DB, Ellison C, Adams HS, Hsu S, Tran Caol N, Mohammed O, Villafañe-Ferrio NN, Barakat C, Massarweh JE, Chai A, Mendez-Reyes E, Fang Q, Jo WE, Mo , Fisher. A prospective randomized multicenter trial of distal pancreatectomy with and without routine intraperitoneal drainage. Ann Surg 2017; 266(3): 421–431
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[60]
Seykora TF, Liu JB, Maggino L, Pitt HA, Vollmer CM Jr. Drain management following distal pancreatectomy: characterization of contemporary practice and impact of early removal. Ann Surg 20192019 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print]
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[61]
Rieder B, Krampulz D, Adolf J, Pfeiffer A. Endoscopic pancreatic sphincterotomy and stenting for preoperative prophylaxis of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Gastrointest Endosc 2010; 72(3): 536–542
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[62]
Hashimoto Y, Traverso LW. After distal pancreatectomy pancreatic leakage from the stump of the pancreas may be due to drain failure or pancreatic ductal back pressure. J Gastrointest Surg 2012; 16(5): 993–1003
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[63]
Frozanpor F, Lundell L, Segersvärd R, Arnelo U. The effect of prophylactic transpapillary pancreatic stent insertion on clinically significant leak rate following distal pancreatectomy: results of a prospective controlled clinical trial. Ann Surg 2012; 255(6): 1032–1036
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[64]
Hackert T, Klaiber U, Hinz U, Kehayova T, Probst P, Knebel P, Diener MK, Schneider L, Strobel O, Michalski CW, Ulrich A, Sauer P, Büchler MW. Sphincter of Oddi botulinum toxin injection to prevent pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy. Surgery 2017; 161(5): 1444–1450
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[65]
Gurusamy KS, Koti R, Fusai G, Davidson BR. Somatostatin analogues for pancreatic surgery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; (4): CD008370
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[66]
Kunstman JW, Goldman DA, Gönen M, Balachandran VP, D’Angelica MI, Kingham TP, Jarnagin WR, Allen PJ. Outcomes after pancreatectomy with routine pasireotide use. J Am Coll Surg 2019; 228(2): 161–170.e2
CrossRef Google scholar
[67]
Allen PJ, Gönen M, Brennan MF, Bucknor AA, Robinson LM, Pappas MM, Carlucci KE, D’Angelica MI, DeMatteo RP, Kingham TP, Fong Y, Jarnagin WR. Pasireotide for postoperative pancreatic fistula. N Engl J Med 2014; 370(21): 2014–2022
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[68]
Takahashi H, Ogawa H, Ohigashi H, Gotoh K, Yamada T, Ohue M, Miyashiro I,Noura S, Kishi M K, Motoori T, Shingai S, Nakamura K, Nishiyama M, Yano O, Ishikawa . Preoperative chemoradiation reduces the risk of pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Surgery 2011; 150(3): 547–556
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[69]
Czosnyka NM, Borgert AJ, Smith TJ. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma: effects of neoadjuvant therapy on post-pancreatectomy outcomes — an American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program targeted variable review. HPB (Oxford) 2017; 19(10): 927–932
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[70]
Loos M, Strobel M O, Legominski M, Dietrich U, Hinz T, Brenner A, Heininger MA, Weigand MW, Büchler T, Hackert. Postoperative pancreatic fistula: microbial growth determines outcome. Surgery 2018; 164(6): 1185–1190
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[71]
Yang F, Jin C, Hao S, Fu D. Drain contamination after distal pancreatectomy: incidence, risk factors, and association with postoperative pancreatic fistula. J Gastrointest Surg 2019 Feb 27. [Epub ahead of print]
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[72]
de Rooij T, van Hilst J, van Santvoort H, Boerma D, van den Boezem P, Daams F, van Dam R, Dejong C, van Duyn E, Dijkgraaf M, van Eijck C, Festen S, Gerhards M, Groot Koerkamp B, de Hingh I, Kazemier G, Klaase J, de Kleine R, van Laarhoven C, Luyer M, Patijn G, Steenvoorde P, Suker M, Abu Hilal M, Busch O, Besselink M; Dutch Pancreatic Cancer Group. Minimally invasive versus open distal pancreatectomy (LEOPARD): a multicenter patient-blinded randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg 2019; 269(1): 2–9
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[73]
Hirashita T, Ohta M, Yada K, Tada K, Saga K, Takayama H, Endo Y, Uchida H, Iwashita Y, Inomata M. Effect of pre-firing compression on the prevention of pancreatic fistula in distal pancreatectomy. Am J Surg 2018; 216(3): 506–510
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[74]
Idrees K, Edler JR, Linehan DC, Strasberg SM, Jacques D, Hamilton NA, Fields RC, Lambert D, Kymes S, Hawkins WG. Cost benefit analysis of mesh reinforcement of stapled left pancreatectomy. HPB (Oxford) 2013; 15(11): 893–898
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[75]
Fujii T, Yamada S, Murotani K, Okamura K Y, Ishigure M, Kanda S, Takeda S, Morita A, Nakao Y, Kodera. Oral Food intake versus fasting on postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy: a multi-institutional randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94(52): e2398
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar
[76]
Pannegeon V, Pessaux P, Sauvanet A, Vullierme MP, Kianmanesh R, Belghiti J. Pancreatic fistula after 340 proximal and distal pancreatectomy. Pancreatology 2017; 17(4 Supplement): S15–S16
CrossRef Google scholar
[77]
Ban D, Shimada K, Konishi M, Saiura A, Hashimoto M, Uesaka K. Stapler and nonstapler closure of the pancreatic remnant after distal pancreatectomy: multicenter retrospective analysis of 388 patients. World J Surg 2012; 36(8): 1866–1873
CrossRef Pubmed Google scholar

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81472705).

Compliance with ethics guidelines

Li Jiang, Deng Ning, and Xiao-ping Chen declare no conflicts of interest. This manuscript is a review article and does not involve a research protocol requiring approval by the relevant institutional review board or ethics committee.

Open Access

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

RIGHTS & PERMISSIONS

2019 The Author(s) 2019. This article is published with open access at link.springer.com and journal.hep.com.cn
AI Summary AI Mindmap
PDF(270 KB)

Accesses

Citations

Detail

Sections
Recommended

/